{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:14:23Z","timestamp":1790759663825,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["\/ NIDDK 1 P30 DK 120515-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\/ NIDDK 1 P30 DK 120515-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1 UG3 CA 233314-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1 UG3 CA 233314-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5 R37 CA 222866-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5 R37 CA 222866-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1 F32 CA 239360\\u201301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1 F32 CA 239360\\u201301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007217","name":"Health Services Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5 I01 HX 001574\\u201304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5 I01 HX 001574\\u201304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007217","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","gastrojournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]],"date-time":"2020-01-09T11:22:02Z","timestamp":1578568922000},"page":"492-501.e7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":204,"title":["Risk Factors for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"159","author":[{"given":"Eric E.","family":"Low","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3338-1730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Demb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Earles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4987-7917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranier","family":"Bustamante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6925-3482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina D.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawn","family":"Provenzale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tonya","family":"Kaltenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Gawron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Elena","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4192-5002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samir","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib1","series-title":"SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975\u20132014, National Cancer Institute","author":"Howlader","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib2","series-title":"Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975\u20132014, featuring survival","first-page":"109","author":"Jemal","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib3","first-page":"177","article-title":"Colorectal cancer statistics, 2017","volume":"67","author":"Siegel","year":"2017","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5651","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i34.5651","article-title":"Colorectal cancer in patients under 50 years of age: a retrospective analysis of two institutions' experience","volume":"19","author":"Myers","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib5","article-title":"Colorectal cancer incidence patterns in the United States, 1974\u20132013","volume":"109","author":"Jemal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-11-65","article-title":"Most bowel cancer symptoms do not indicate colorectal cancer and polyps: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Adelstein","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3039","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01454.x","article-title":"How does colorectal cancer present? Symptoms, duration, and clues to location","volume":"94","author":"Majumdar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib8","first-page":"277","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2010","volume":"60","author":"Jemal","year":"2010","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2010.08.054","article-title":"Is gender related to the stage of colorectal cancer at initial presentation in young patients?","volume":"165","author":"Fancher","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-019-0756-8","article-title":"Colon cancer in young adults: trends and their implications","volume":"21","author":"Weinberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib11","first-page":"31","article-title":"Proportion and number of cancer cases and deaths attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors in the United States","volume":"68","author":"Islami","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soc.2010.06.002","article-title":"Colorectal cancer: what should patients and families be told to lower the risk of colorectal cancer?","volume":"19","author":"Moore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Surg Oncol Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.4280","article-title":"Association of obesity with risk of early-onset colorectal cancer among women","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2981","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i10.2981","article-title":"Characteristics of and risk factors for colorectal neoplasms in young adults in a screening population","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.07.011","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic young adults (20\u201339 years old)","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.602","article-title":"Young-onset colorectal cancer: is it time to pay attention?","volume":"172","author":"You","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90279-T","article-title":"Adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum in persons under 40 years old. A population-based study","volume":"100","author":"Griffin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib18","first-page":"2648","article-title":"Use of colonoscopy as a primary screening test for colorectal cancer in average risk people","volume":"98","author":"Betes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25481","article-title":"Sex disparities in colorectal cancer incidence by anatomic subsite, race and age","volume":"128","author":"Murphy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib20","first-page":"4024580","article-title":"Patterns of sociodemographic and clinicopathologic characteristics of stages II and III colorectal cancer patients by age: examining potential mechanisms of young-onset disease","volume":"2017","author":"Murphy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.560","article-title":"Increased risk for colorectal cancer under age 50 in racial and ethnic minorities living in the United States","volume":"4","author":"Rahman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.65.0994","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic disparities in survival among patients with young-onset colorectal cancer","volume":"34","author":"Holowatyj","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib23","first-page":"335","article-title":"Risk factors for young-onset colorectal cancer","volume":"24","author":"Rosato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib24","first-page":"1007","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and colorectal cancer risk","volume":"6","author":"La Vecchia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603623","article-title":"Cigarettes and alcohol in relation to colorectal cancer: the Singapore Chinese Health Study","volume":"96","author":"Tsong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib26","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Veterans health administration. Available at: https:\/\/www.va.gov\/health\/aboutvha.asp. Accessed July 30, 2017. Updated July 14, 2019."},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib27","first-page":"4","article-title":"A\u00a0framework for leveraging \"big data\" to advance epidemiology and improve quality: design of the VA Colonoscopy Collaborative","volume":"6","author":"Gupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"EGEMS (Wash DC)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1200\/CCI.17.00072","article-title":"Structured approach for evaluating strategies for cancer ascertainment using large-scale electronic health record data","volume":"2","author":"Earles","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCO Clin Cancer Inform"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B10","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.suppl_2.B10","article-title":"Who has diabetes? Best estimates of diabetes prevalence in the Department of Veterans Affairs based on computerized patient data","volume":"27","author":"Miller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntr206","article-title":"Validating smoking data from the Veteran's Affairs Health Factors dataset, an electronic data source","volume":"13","author":"McGinnis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e60","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000001065","article-title":"Ascertainment of aspirin exposure using structured and unstructured large-scale electronic health record data","volume":"57","author":"Bustamante","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2009.08.0110","article-title":"VHA Corporate Data Warehouse height and weight data: opportunities and challenges for health services research","volume":"47","author":"Noel","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.122739","article-title":"Risk of progression of advanced adenomas to colorectal cancer by age and sex: estimates based on 840,149 screening colonoscopies","volume":"56","author":"Brenner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib34","first-page":"250","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults: 2018 guideline update from the American Cancer Society","volume":"68","author":"Wolf","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.03.023","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness and national effects of initiating colorectal cancer screening for average-risk persons at age 45 years instead of 50 years","volume":"157","author":"Ladabaum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603628","article-title":"Gender differences in colorectal cancer: implications for age at initiation of screening","volume":"96","author":"Brenner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.07.004","article-title":"Male sex and smoking have a larger impact on the prevalence of colorectal neoplasia than family history of colorectal cancer","volume":"8","author":"Hoffmeister","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24216","article-title":"Colorectal cancer incidence in the United States, 1999\u20132004: an updated analysis of data from the National Program of Cancer Registries and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program","volume":"115","author":"Rim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.11.060","article-title":"Racial disparities in incidence of young-onset colorectal cancer and patient survival","volume":"156","author":"Murphy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji375","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"97","author":"Larsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-1175","article-title":"The risk of colorectal cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes: associations with treatment stage and obesity","volume":"38","author":"Peeters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2765","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.839","article-title":"Smoking and colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"300","author":"Botteri","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.6.629","article-title":"Associations between the age at diagnosis and location of colorectal cancer and the use of alcohol and tobacco: implications for screening","volume":"166","author":"Zisman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2745","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0517","article-title":"Associations between smoking, alcohol consumption, and colorectal cancer, overall and by tumor microsatellite instability status","volume":"18","author":"Poynter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-0577","article-title":"Aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement","volume":"164","author":"Bibbins-Domingo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.8.914","article-title":"Long-term use of aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of colorectal cancer","volume":"294","author":"Chan","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-159-2-201307160-00002","article-title":"Alternate-day, low-dose aspirin and cancer risk: long-term observational follow-up of a randomized trial","volume":"159","author":"Cook","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61543-7","article-title":"Long-term effect of aspirin on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality: 20-year follow-up of five randomised trials","volume":"376","author":"Rothwell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.4","article-title":"Aspirin and colorectal cancer: the promise of precision chemoprevention","volume":"16","author":"Drew","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib50","unstructured":"National Center for Chronic Disease Revention and Health Promotion, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity. Data, Trend, and Maps [online]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nccdphp\/dnpao\/data-trends-maps\/index.html. Accessed February 20, 2019."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-009-1116-4","article-title":"Integration of women veterans into VA quality improvement research efforts: what researchers need to know","volume":"25","author":"Yano","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.5194","article-title":"Prevalence and spectrum of germline cancer susceptibility gene mutations among patients with early-onset colorectal cancer","volume":"3","author":"Pearlman","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.11.004","article-title":"Germline genetic features of young individuals with colorectal cancer","volume":"154","author":"Stoffel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508520300160?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508520300160?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:32:45Z","timestamp":1777383165000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016508520300160"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0016508520300160"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-5085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-5085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk Factors for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gastroenterology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 by the AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}