{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T13:14:45Z","timestamp":1780665285490,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]],"date-time":"2021-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015756","name":"Cilag","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015756","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"ZonMw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["715772"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["715772"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["91715377"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91715377"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007793","name":"Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007793","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008373","name":"Takeda Pharmaceutical Company","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008373","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006436","name":"Celgene","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006436","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"AbbVie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007054","name":"Meso Scale Diagnostics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004914","name":"Ferring Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004914","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004331","name":"Johnson and Johnson","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004331","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","gastrojournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,19]],"date-time":"2021-01-19T03:50:25Z","timestamp":1611028225000},"page":"1970-1985","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Healthy Cotwins Share Gut Microbiome Signatures With Their Inflammatory Bowel Disease Twins and Unrelated Patients"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"160","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5195-0562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eelco C.","family":"Brand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjolein A.Y.","family":"Klaassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranko","family":"Gacesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnau","family":"Vich Vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiren","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel R.","family":"de Zoete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorret I.","family":"Boomsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Hoentjen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen S.","family":"Horjus Talabur Horje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul C.","family":"van de Meeberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonneke","family":"Willemsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyuan","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cisca","family":"Wijmenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Femke","family":"van Wijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Zhernakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bas","family":"Oldenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rinse K.","family":"Weersma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bas","family":"Oldenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Femke","family":"van Wijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eelco C.","family":"Brand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pieter","family":"Honkoop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rutger J.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyriel Y.","family":"Ponsioen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nanne K.H.","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasser A.","family":"Alderlieste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margot A.","family":"van Herwaarden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastiaan A.C.","family":"van Tuyl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurice W.","family":"Lutgens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Janneke van der Woude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wout G.M.","family":"Mares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daan B.","family":"de Koning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joukje H.","family":"Bosman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juda","family":"Vecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anneke M.P.","family":"de Schryver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea E.","family":"van der Meulen-de Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marieke J.","family":"Pierik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Boekema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Verburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bindia","family":"Jharap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonneke","family":"Willemsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorret I.","family":"Boomsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen M.","family":"Jansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pieter C.F.","family":"Stokkers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Hoentjen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rutger","family":"Quispel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen S.","family":"Horjus Talabur Horje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul C.","family":"van de Meeberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nofel","family":"Mahmmod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel L.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marleen","family":"Willems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itta M.","family":"Minderhoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herma H.","family":"Fidder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona D.M.","family":"van Schaik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meike M.C.","family":"Hirdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nynke A.","family":"Boontje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart L.M.","family":"M\u00fcskens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rinse K.","family":"Weersma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marielle J.L.","family":"Romberg-Camps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.012","article-title":"Roles for intestinal bacteria, viruses, and fungi in pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases and therapeutic approaches","volume":"152","author":"Balfour Sartor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.11.294","article-title":"Differences in gut microbiota in patients with vs without inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review","volume":"158","author":"Pittayanon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aap8914","article-title":"Gut microbiota composition and functional changes in inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Vich Vila","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07540","article-title":"A\u00a0core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins","volume":"457","author":"Turnbaugh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25973","article-title":"Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota","volume":"555","author":"Rothschild","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2016.10.004","article-title":"Shotgun metagenomics of 250 adult twins reveals genetic and environmental impacts on the gut microbiome","volume":"3","author":"Xie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Syst"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11053","article-title":"Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography","volume":"486","author":"Yatsunenko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.09.053","article-title":"Human genetics shape the gut microbiome","volume":"159","author":"Goodrich","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-312135","article-title":"Interplay of host genetics and gut microbiota underlying the onset and clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"67","author":"Imhann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib10","first-page":"294","article-title":"The history of genetics in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"27","author":"Ek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.08.049","article-title":"A\u00a0pyrosequencing study in twins shows that gastrointestinal microbial profiles vary with inflammatory bowel disease phenotypes","volume":"139","author":"Willing","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049138","article-title":"Integrated metagenomics\/metaproteomics reveals human host-microbiota signatures of Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Erickson","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2008.37","article-title":"Molecular analysis of the gut microbiota of identical twins with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"2","author":"Dicksved","year":"2008","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.04.011","article-title":"Twin study indicates loss of interaction between microbiota and mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"141","author":"Lepage","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20783","article-title":"Twin studies reveal specific imbalances in the mucosa-associated microbiota of patients with ileal Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Willing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2019.93","article-title":"The Netherlands Twin Register: longitudinal research based on twin and twin-family designs","volume":"22","author":"Ligthart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib17","first-page":"19","article-title":"Pathology databanking and biobanking in The Netherlands, a central role for PALGA, the nationwide histopathology and cytopathology data network and archive","volume":"29","author":"Casparie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Oncol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad3369","article-title":"Population-based metagenomics analysis reveals markers for gut microbiome composition and diversity","volume":"352","author":"Zhernakova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31828b2196","article-title":"Development of the patient Harvey Bradshaw index and a comparison with a clinician-based Harvey Bradshaw index assessment of Crohn\u2019s disease activity","volume":"47","author":"Bennebroek Evertsz\u2019","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2012.11.007","article-title":"The patient simple clinical colitis activity index (P-SCCAI) can detect ulcerative colitis (UC) disease activity in remission: a comparison of the P-SCCAI with clinician-based SCCAI and biological markers","volume":"7","author":"Bennebroek Evertsz\u2019","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib21","series-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing computing","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib22","author":"Mallick"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02743.x","article-title":"ECA, the enterobacterial common antigen","volume":"4","author":"Kuhn","year":"1988","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1039\/C4MT00333K","article-title":"Diverging roles of bacterial siderophores during infection","volume":"7","author":"Holden","year":"2015","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C801","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00620.2008","article-title":"Polyamines regulate E-cadherin transcription through c-Myc modulating intestinal epithelial barrier function","volume":"296","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G568","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00201.2007","article-title":"Polyamines are required for expression of Toll-like receptor 2 modulating intestinal epithelial barrier integrity","volume":"293","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.223263","article-title":"Dysbiosis of the faecal microbiota in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease and their unaffected relatives","volume":"60","author":"Joossens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-306226","article-title":"Altered intestinal microbiota and blood T cell phenotype are shared by patients with Crohn\u2019s disease and their unaffected siblings","volume":"63","author":"Hedin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0620-2","article-title":"The human gut microbiome in early-onset type 1 diabetes from the TEDDY study","volume":"562","author":"Vatanen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1237-9","article-title":"Multi-omics of the gut microbial ecosystem in inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"569","author":"Lloyd-Price","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00060-18","article-title":"Escherichia coli pathobionts associated with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"32","author":"Mirsepasi-Lauridsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000790","article-title":"L-Arginine availability and metabolism is altered in ulcerative colitis","volume":"22","author":"Coburn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib33","article-title":"Serum amino acids profile and the beneficial effects of L-arginine or L-glutamine supplementation in dextran sulfate sodium colitis","volume":"9","author":"Ren","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033546","article-title":"L-arginine supplementation improves responses to injury and inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium colitis","volume":"7","author":"Coburn","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjz077","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory gut microbial pathways are decreased during crohn\u2019s disease exacerbations","volume":"13","author":"Klaassen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0258-z","article-title":"Gut microbiota-derived metabolites as key actors in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"17","author":"Lavelle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.041","article-title":"From dietary fiber to host physiology: short-chain fatty acids as key bacterial metabolites","volume":"165","author":"Koh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08530","article-title":"Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43","volume":"461","author":"Maslowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12365","article-title":"Colonisation by Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and maintenance of clinical remission in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"38","author":"Varela","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-311785","article-title":"Preclinical disease and preventive strategies in IBD: perspectives, challenges and opportunities","volume":"65","author":"Torres","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.08.005","article-title":"Increased intestinal permeability is associated with later development of Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"159","author":"Turpin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14177-z","article-title":"Impact of commonly used drugs on the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota","volume":"11","author":"Vich Vila","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508521000974?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508521000974?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T09:48:04Z","timestamp":1762163284000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016508521000974"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0016508521000974"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.739385035.793585577","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0016-5085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-5085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Healthy Cotwins Share Gut Microbiome Signatures With Their Inflammatory Bowel Disease Twins and Unrelated Patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gastroenterology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.01.030","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 by the AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}