{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T15:41:15Z","timestamp":1794584475170,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":188,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000149","name":"Canadian Association of Gastroenterology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000149","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","gastrojournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T11:12:01Z","timestamp":1754651521000},"page":"863-891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Canadian Association of Gastroenterology Clinical Practice Guideline for the Endoscopic Management of Nonvariceal Nonpeptic Ulcer Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"169","author":[{"given":"Alan N.","family":"Barkun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loren","family":"Laine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grigorios I.","family":"Leontiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian M.","family":"Gralnek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Carman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Sey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali A.","family":"Alali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew W.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence","family":"Hookey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Borgaonkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James Y.W.","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nauzer","family":"Forbes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapat","family":"Pittayanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frances","family":"Tse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.10.017","article-title":"Burden and cost of gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases in the United States: update 2021","volume":"162","author":"Peery","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.30272.x","article-title":"The Canadian Registry on Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Endoscopy (RUGBE): endoscopic hemostasis and proton pump inhibition are associated with improved outcomes in a real-life setting","volume":"99","author":"Barkun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.228437","article-title":"Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the UK: patient characteristics, diagnoses and outcomes in the 2007 UK audit","volume":"60","author":"Hearnshaw","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61999-1","article-title":"Restrictive versus liberal blood transfusion for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (TRIGGER): a pragmatic, open-label, cluster randomised feasibility trial","volume":"386","author":"Jairath","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3253","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-018-5255-5","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of patients with non-ulcer and non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a prospective multicenter study of risk prediction using a scoring system","volume":"63","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15092","article-title":"Comparative outcomes in patients with ulcer- vs non-ulcer-related acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the United Kingdom: a nationwide cohort of 4474 patients","volume":"49","author":"Sey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-017-4882-6","article-title":"Changing epidemiology of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the last decade: a nationwide analysis","volume":"63","author":"Wuerth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.7326\/M19-1795","article-title":"Management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: guideline recommendations from the International Consensus Group","volume":"171","author":"Barkun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1939-4887","article-title":"Endoscopic diagnosis and management of esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline","volume":"54","author":"Gralnek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a1","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1393172","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline","volume":"47","author":"Gralnek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000001245","article-title":"ACG clinical guideline: upper gastrointestinal and ulcer bleeding","volume":"116","author":"Laine","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-316276","article-title":"Asia-Pacific Working Group consensus on non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: an update 2018","volume":"67","author":"Sung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-1885","article-title":"Guidelines International Network: principles for disclosure of interests and management of conflicts in guidelines","volume":"163","author":"Schunemann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib14","series-title":"Clinical practice guidelines we can trust","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-156-7-201204030-00009","article-title":"Guidelines International Network: toward international standards for clinical practice guidelines","volume":"156","author":"Qaseem","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E123","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.131237","article-title":"Guidelines 2.0: systematic development of a comprehensive checklist for a successful guideline enterprise","volume":"186","author":"Schunemann","year":"2014","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib17","article-title":"GRADE Evidence to Decision (EtD) frameworks: a systematic and transparent approach to making well informed healthcare choices. 2: Clinical practice guidelines","volume":"353","author":"Alonso-Coello","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib18","article-title":"GRADE Evidence to Decision (EtD) frameworks: a systematic and transparent approach to making well informed healthcare choices. 1: Introduction","volume":"353","author":"Alonso-Coello","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-4-38","article-title":"Systems for grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations I: critical appraisal of existing approaches The GRADE Working Group","volume":"4","author":"Atkins","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","article-title":"GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"336","author":"Guyatt","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib22","first-page":"677","article-title":"Letters, numbers, symbols and words: how to communicate grades of evidence and recommendations","volume":"169","author":"Schunemann","year":"2003","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.01.032","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 16. GRADE evidence to decision frameworks for tests in clinical practice and public health","volume":"76","author":"Schunemann","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640612474652","article-title":"Etiology, endoscopic management and mortality of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cancer","volume":"1","author":"Maluf-Filho","year":"2013","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15922","article-title":"Endoscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding caused by malignancy","volume":"37","author":"Abu-Sbeih","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12347","article-title":"Natural history of acute upper GI bleeding due to tumours: short-term success and long-term recurrence with or without endoscopic therapy","volume":"38","author":"Sheibani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-016-4368-y","article-title":"Gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastrointestinal tract malignancy: natural history, management, and outcomes","volume":"62","author":"Schatz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1005436","article-title":"Severe upper gastrointestinal tumor bleeding: endoscopic findings, treatment, and outcome","volume":"28","author":"Savides","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2023.2199439","article-title":"Efficacy of endoscopic therapy and long-term outcomes of upper gastrointestinal tumor bleeding in patients with esophageal cancer","volume":"58","author":"Allo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200506000-00008","article-title":"Changes in characteristics and outcome of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage: a comparison of epidemiology and practices between 1996 and 2000 in a multicentre French study","volume":"17","author":"Di Fiore","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001918","article-title":"A Systematic analysis of incidence, therapeutic strategies, and in-hospital mortality of Mallory-Weiss syndrome in Germany","volume":"58","author":"Mertens","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2013.846404","article-title":"Mortality in high-risk patients with bleeding Mallory-Weiss syndrome is similar to that of peptic ulcer bleeding. Results of a prospective database study","volume":"49","author":"Ljubicic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib33","first-page":"195","article-title":"The pathogenesis of Dieulafoy's gastric erosion","volume":"79","author":"Juler","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(99)70155-0","article-title":"Management and long-term prognosis of Dieulafoy lesion","volume":"50","author":"Norton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib35","first-page":"291","article-title":"Inpatient outcomes of Dieulafoy's lesions in the United States","volume":"35","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib36","article-title":"Dieulafoy's lesion: decade-long trends in hospitalizations, demographic disparity, and outcomes","volume":"12","author":"Chakinala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2020.12.015","article-title":"Dieulafoy's lesion of the upper GI tract: a comprehensive nationwide database analysis","volume":"94","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1308\/003588410X12699663905311","article-title":"Dieulafoy's lesion: current trends in diagnosis and management","volume":"92","author":"Baxter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1004317","article-title":"Endoscopic management of Dieulafoy lesions of the stomach: a case study of 26 patients","volume":"29","author":"Parra-Blanco","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-018-4965-z","article-title":"An analysis of the clinical, laboratory, and histological features of striped, punctate, and nodular gastric antral vascular ectasia","volume":"63","author":"Thomas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.14740\/gr1380","article-title":"Gastric antral vascular ectasia: trends of hospitalizations, biodemographic characteristics, and outcomes with watermelon stomach","volume":"14","author":"Kichloo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.01.11","article-title":"Predictors of blood transfusion and in-hospital outcomes in patients with gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE): a nationwide population-based analysis","volume":"7","author":"Patel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-814112","article-title":"Endoscopic treatment outcomes in watermelon stomach patients with and without portal hypertension","volume":"36","author":"Dulai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1998.00271.x","article-title":"The watermelon stomach: clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"93","author":"Gretz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2003.11.028","article-title":"Endoscopic argon plasma coagulation for the treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia (watermelon stomach): long-term results","volume":"36","author":"Sebastian","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1443-1661.1999.tb00010.x","article-title":"Gastroduodenal vascular ectasia in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"11","author":"Yamada","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib47","first-page":"218","article-title":"The misclassification of gastric antral vascular ectasia","volume":"8","author":"Aryan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib48","first-page":"493","article-title":"[Water melon stomach or antrum gastritis--differential diagnostic aspects]","volume":"32","author":"Schaube","year":"1994","journal-title":"Z Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.zefq.2012.05.017","article-title":"[GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction - GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables]","volume":"106","author":"Langer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib50","series-title":"Conflict of interest in medical research, education, and practice","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200901-0126ST","article-title":"An official American Thoracic Society Policy statement: managing conflict of interest in professional societies","volume":"180","author":"Schunemann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.09.012","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 2. Framing the question and deciding on important outcomes","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.702","article-title":"Methodology for randomized trials of patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: recommendations from an international consensus conference","volume":"105","author":"Laine","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.130386","article-title":"Prevalence, correlates and outcomes of gastric antral vascular ectasia in systemic sclerosis: a EUSTAR case-control study","volume":"41","author":"Ghrenassia","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.03.046","article-title":"AGA Clinical Practice Update on Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia: expert review","volume":"22","author":"DeLoughery","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199210000-00019","article-title":"The clinical and endoscopic spectrum of the watermelon stomach","volume":"15","author":"Gostout","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib57","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib58","author":"Higgins"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib59","series-title":"The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses","author":"Wells","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4721","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020003577","article-title":"How to write a guideline: a proposal for a manuscript template that supports the creation of trustworthy guidelines","volume":"5","author":"Nieuwlaat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640615590303","article-title":"Argon plasma coagulation for the endoscopic treatment of gastrointestinal tumor bleeding: a retrospective comparison with a non-treated historical cohort","volume":"4","author":"Martins","year":"2016","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000717","article-title":"Can endoscopic bleeding control improve the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients?: a retrospective case-control study","volume":"51","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12262","article-title":"Outcome of endoscopic therapy for cancer bleeding in patients with unresectable gastric cancer","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-012-0200-3","article-title":"The successful endoscopic hemostasis factors in bleeding from advanced gastric cancer","volume":"16","author":"Koh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)61090-8","article-title":"Endoscopic treatment of major bleeding from advanced gastroduodenal malignant lesions","volume":"69","author":"Loftus","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.5230\/jgc.2017.17.e42","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of endoscopic hemostasis for bleeding in patients with unresectable advanced gastric cancer","volume":"17","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gastric Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01658393","article-title":"Endoscopic laser therapy in the curative and palliative treatment of upper gastrointestinal cancer","volume":"13","author":"Suzuki","year":"1989","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib68","first-page":"38","article-title":"Role of argon plasma coagulation in management of bleeding GI tumors: evaluating outcomes and survival","volume":"25","author":"Thosani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Turk J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.02.026","article-title":"GRADE notes: How to use GRADE when there is \"no\" evidence? A case study of the expert evidence approach","volume":"137","author":"Mustafa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.12.012","article-title":"Hemospray for treatment of acute bleeding due to upper gastrointestinal tumours","volume":"49","author":"Arena","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1159","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-118794","article-title":"Effectiveness of TC-325 (Hemospray) for treatment of diffuse or refractory upper gastrointestinal bleeding - a single center experience","volume":"5","author":"Cahyadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib72","first-page":"167","article-title":"Hemostatic powder TC-325 in the management of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding: a two-year experience at a single institution","volume":"47","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2019.08.005","article-title":"TC-325 hemostatic powder versus current standard of care in managing malignant GI bleeding: a pilot randomized clinical trial","volume":"91","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-116148","article-title":"A novel hemostatic powder for upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a multicenter study (the \"GRAPHE\" registry)","volume":"48","author":"Haddara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3027","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15579","article-title":"Hemostatic powder TC-325 treatment of malignancy-related upper gastrointestinal bleeds: international registry outcomes","volume":"36","author":"Hussein","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.7326\/M21-0975","article-title":"Comparison of a hemostatic powder and standard treatment in the control of active bleeding from upper nonvariceal lesions: a multicenter, noninferiority, randomized trial","volume":"175","author":"Lau","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1350","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1906-4769","article-title":"TC-325 hemostatic powder in the management of upper gastrointestinal malignant bleeding: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"10","author":"Martins","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1093\/jcag\/gwy031","article-title":"Long-term effectiveness, safety and mortality associated with the use of tc-325 for malignancy-related upper gastrointestinal bleeds: a multicentre retrospective study","volume":"2","author":"Meng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Can Assoc Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.05.042","article-title":"Hemostatic powder vs standard endoscopic treatment for gastrointestinal tumor bleeding: a multicenter randomized trial","volume":"165","author":"Pittayanon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E933","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-109863","article-title":"The efficacy of Hemospray in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding from tumor","volume":"4","author":"Pittayanon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2017.11.013","article-title":"Prognostic factors affecting outcomes in patients with malignant GI bleeding treated with a novel endoscopically delivered hemostatic powder","volume":"87","author":"Pittayanon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-019-06719-9","article-title":"Treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding with hemostatic powder (TC-325): a multicenter study","volume":"33","author":"Ramirez-Polo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2019.06.008","article-title":"Hemostatic spray powder TC-325 for GI bleeding in a nationwide study: survival and predictors of failure via competing risks analysis","volume":"90","author":"Rodriguez de Santiago","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2021.1974088","article-title":"Efficacy of hemostatic powders as monotherapy or rescue therapy in gastrointestinal bleeding related to neoplastic or non-neoplastic lesions","volume":"56","author":"Paoluzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i13.1592","article-title":"Comparison of Hemospray\u00ae) and Endoclot\u2122 for the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"25","author":"Vitali","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E700","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0593-5884","article-title":"Hemostatic powder application for control of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with gastric malignancy","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2009.05.006","article-title":"Endoscopic topical application of Ankaferd Blood Stopper for neoplastic gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective analysis","volume":"42","author":"Kurt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-021-01611-0","article-title":"Efficacy of a novel hemostatic adhesive powder in patients with upper gastrointestinal tumor bleeding","volume":"21","author":"Shin","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E368","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1984-6895","article-title":"Topical hemostatic agents in the management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Alali","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2022.07.033","article-title":"Efficacy of topical hemostatic agents in malignancy-related GI bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"97","author":"Karna","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000003078","article-title":"TC-325 Superiority in malignant gastrointestinal bleeding: an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"120","author":"Alali","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2023.12.036","article-title":"Valuing innovative endoscopic techniques: hemostatic powder for the treatment of GI tumor bleeding","volume":"100","author":"Shah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2495-2813","article-title":"Hemostatic powder TC-325 as first-line treatment option for malignant gastrointestinal bleeding: a cost-utility analysis in the United Kingdom","volume":"57","author":"Cooper","year":"2025","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748211011955","article-title":"Relationship between postoperative complications and the prognosis of gastric carcinoma patients who underwent surgical resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Control"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25797","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.15554","article-title":"Palliative radiotherapy for gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Tey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib96","first-page":"CD004064","article-title":"Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer","volume":"8","author":"Wagner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3459","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23968","article-title":"Cancer patient preferences for quality and length of life","volume":"113","author":"Meropol","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.21.1709","article-title":"Relationship between cancer patients' predictions of prognosis and their treatment preferences","volume":"279","author":"Weeks","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3439","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.00642","article-title":"Cancer disparities and health equity: a policy statement from the American Society of Clinical Oncology","volume":"38","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2001.119874","article-title":"Endoscopic injection therapy in bleeding Mallory-Weiss syndrome: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"54","author":"Llach","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198706253162601","article-title":"Multipolar electrocoagulation in the treatment of active upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. A prospective controlled trial","volume":"316","author":"Laine","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib102","first-page":"2147","article-title":"Endoscopic sclerotherapy in upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to the Mallory-Weiss syndrome","volume":"89","author":"Bataller","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-32000","article-title":"Evaluation of endoscopic hemostasis in upper gastrointestinal bleeding related to Mallory-Weiss syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Chung","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12409","article-title":"Effective endoscopic treatment of Mallory-Weiss syndrome using Glasgow-Blatchford score and Forrest classification","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dig Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200102000-00005","article-title":"Efficacy of endoscopic isotonic saline-epinephrine injection for the management of active Mallory-Weiss tears","volume":"32","author":"Peng","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2002.124560","article-title":"Endoscopic hemoclip placement and epinephrine injection for Mallory-Weiss syndrome with active bleeding","volume":"55","author":"Huang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(04)01284-2","article-title":"A prospective, randomized trial of endoscopic band ligation vs. epinephrine injection for actively bleeding Mallory-Weiss syndrome","volume":"60","author":"Park","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.2080","article-title":"Endoscopic band ligation and endoscopic hemoclip placement for patients with Mallory-Weiss syndrome and active bleeding","volume":"14","author":"Cho","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-005-0608-5","article-title":"Endoscopic band ligation therapy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding related to Mallory-Weiss syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Higuchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1443-1661.2008.00825.x","article-title":"Endoscopic hemostasis with metallic hemoclips for iatrogenic Mallory-Weiss tear caused by endoscopic examination","volume":"21","author":"Shimoda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2001.111774","article-title":"Endoscopic hemoclipping for upper GI bleeding due to Mallory-Weiss syndrome","volume":"53","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.04051.x","article-title":"Endoscopic band ligation could decrease recurrent bleeding in Mallory-Weiss syndrome as compared to haemostasis by hemoclips plus epinephrine","volume":"30","author":"Lecleire","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib113","first-page":"397","article-title":"Mallory-Weiss syndrome: clinical features and management","volume":"47","author":"Dwivedi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib114","first-page":"113","article-title":"Mallory-Weiss syndrome: retrospective analysis of 97 cases","volume":"19","author":"Inaspettato","year":"1996","journal-title":"Giornale Italiano di Endoscopia Digestiva"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib115","first-page":"805","article-title":"Clinical and endoscopic risk factors in the Mallory-Weiss syndrome","volume":"92","author":"Bharucha","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001179","article-title":"Endoscopic band ligation versus endoscopic hemoclip placement for Dieulafoy's lesion: a meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Barakat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.03.1122","article-title":"Endoscopic clipping for acute nonvariceal upper-GI bleeding: a meta-analysis and critical appraisal of randomized controlled trials","volume":"68","author":"Yuan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.08.038","article-title":"Hemostatic efficacy and clinical outcome of endoscopic treatment of Dieulafoy's lesions: comparison of endoscopic hemoclip placement and endoscopic band ligation","volume":"75","author":"Ahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3526","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-015-4642-7","article-title":"Clinical outcome of endoscopic management of duodenal Dieulafoy's lesions: endoscopic band ligation versus endoscopic hemoclip placement","volume":"30","author":"Ji","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib120","first-page":"905","article-title":"[Endoscopic band ligation versus endoscopic hemoclip placement for bleeding due to Dieulafoy lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract]","volume":"34","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-825661","article-title":"A prospective, randomized trial of endoscopic band ligation versus endoscopic hemoclip placement for bleeding gastric Dieulafoy's lesions","volume":"36","author":"Park","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2000.108040","article-title":"Bleeding Dieulafoy's lesions and the choice of endoscopic method: comparing the hemostatic efficacy of mechanical and injection methods","volume":"52","author":"Chung","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-003-1172-1","article-title":"Hypertonic saline-epinephrine injection plus endoscopic band ligation therapy for gastric Dieulafoy's lesion","volume":"38","author":"Akahoshi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-008-0255-8","article-title":"Is endoscopic band ligation superior to injection therapy for Dieulafoy lesion?","volume":"23","author":"Alis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.7869\/tg.2012.104","article-title":"Role of endoscopic band ligation in management of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"34","author":"Krishnan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trop Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2002.121337","article-title":"Endoscopic band ligation for control of nonvariceal upper GI hemorrhage: comparison with bipolar electrocoagulation","volume":"55","author":"Matsui","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200304000-00006","article-title":"Outcomes of endoscopic treatment of gastroduodenal Dieulafoy's lesion with rubber band ligation and thermal\/injection therapy","volume":"36","author":"Mumtaz","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-16522","article-title":"Endoscopic band ligation of Dieulafoy-like lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract","volume":"33","author":"Nikolaidis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i5.631","article-title":"Clinical and endoscopic analysis of gastric Dieulafoy's lesion","volume":"16","author":"Ding","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3208690","article-title":"A retrospective analysis of cyanoacrylate injection versus hemoclip placement for bleeding Dieulafoy's lesion in duodenum","volume":"2018","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3436","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-010-1385-0","article-title":"Dieulafoy lesions of the GI tract: localization and therapeutic outcomes","volume":"55","author":"Lara","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib132","first-page":"224","article-title":"Efficacy of endoscopic clipping and long-term follow-up of bleeding Dieulafoy's lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract","volume":"53","author":"Ljubicic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1159\/000504720","article-title":"Dieulafoy lesion: predictive factors of early relapse and long-term follow-up","volume":"27","author":"Massinha","year":"2020","journal-title":"GE Port J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-38780","article-title":"The usefulness of endoscopic hemoclipping for bleeding Dieulafoy lesions","volume":"35","author":"Park","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2015.48.5.385","article-title":"Predictors of rebleeding in upper gastrointestinal dieulafoy lesions","volume":"48","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-861288","article-title":"Endoscopic management and follow up of Dieulafoy lesion in the upper gastrointestinal tract","volume":"37","author":"Sone","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2003.183","article-title":"Short-term and long-term benefits of endoscopic hemoclip application for Dieulafoy's lesion in the upper GI tract","volume":"57","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3495","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-020-06679-4","article-title":"Outcomes in severe upper GI hemorrhage from Dieulafoy's lesion with monitoring of arterial blood flow","volume":"66","author":"Nulsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1023\/B:DDAS.0000037801.53304.5c","article-title":"Endoscopic management of Dieulafoy lesions in acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"49","author":"Cheng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2006.11.022","article-title":"Hemostasis of Dieulafoy's lesions by argon plasma coagulation (with video)","volume":"66","author":"Iacopini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(92)70513-6","article-title":"Clinical features and endoscopic management of Dieulafoy's disease","volume":"38","author":"Stark","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.08.046","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of over-the-scope clip as initial treatment of severe nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"19","author":"Jensen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib143","article-title":"Over-the-Scope clip applications as first-line therapy in the treatment of upper non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding, perforations, and fistulas","volume":"9","author":"Qiu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i9.1645","article-title":"Outcomes of gastrointestinal defect closure with an over-the-scope clip system in a multicenter experience: an analysis of a successful suction method","volume":"23","author":"Kobara","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i10.1368","article-title":"Efficacy of endoscopic therapy for gastrointestinal bleeding from Dieulafoy's lesion","volume":"17","author":"Cui","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.154.135","article-title":"Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of Dieulafoy's ulcer","volume":"154","author":"Asaki","year":"1988","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib147","first-page":"1622","article-title":"Endoscopic injection therapy of bleeding Dieulafoy lesion of the stomach","volume":"52","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6022","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i38.6022","article-title":"Endoscopic treatment and follow-up of gastrointestinal Dieulafoy's lesions","volume":"11","author":"Katsinelos","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib149","first-page":"1013","article-title":"An infrequent cause of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding: \"Dieulafoy's lesion\"","volume":"54","author":"Yanar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib150","first-page":"176","article-title":"Argon plasma coagulation versus endoscopic band ligation in treatment of gastric vascular ectasia in cirrhotic patients in Zagazig university","volume":"9","author":"Abd Al-Wahab","year":"2019","journal-title":"Afro-Egypt J Infect Endem Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib151","first-page":"214","article-title":"Endoscopic band ligation versus argon plasma coagulation in management of bleeding from gastric antral vascular ectasia in patients with portal hypertension","volume":"2","author":"Abdel Ghaffar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Sci Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib152","first-page":"357","article-title":"Endoscopic band ligation versus argon plasma coagulation for the treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia in Egyptian patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"10","author":"Abdelhalim","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640615619837","article-title":"Randomized controlled study of endoscopic band ligation and argon plasma coagulation in the treatment of gastric antral and fundal vascular ectasia","volume":"4","author":"Elhendawy","year":"2016","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2018.07.015","article-title":"Gastric antral vascular ectasia in portal hypertensive children: endoscopic band ligation versus argon plasma coagulation","volume":"54","author":"Ghobrial","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E266","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-123187","volume":"6","author":"St Romain","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001088","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness and safety of radiofrequency ablation versus argon plasma coagulation for treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"McCarty","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1377695","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia","volume":"46","author":"Dray","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640618814659","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation for patients with refractory symptomatic anaemia secondary to gastric antral vascular ectasia","volume":"7","author":"Magee","year":"2019","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-017-0748-2","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation for gastric antral vascular ectasia and radiation proctitis","volume":"36","author":"Markos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2013.04.173","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation for refractory gastric antral vascular ectasia (with video)","volume":"78","author":"McGorisk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001889","article-title":"Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of severe gastric antral vascular ectasia in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"33","author":"Senzolo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib162","first-page":"219","article-title":"Efficacy of argon plasma coagulation in gastric vascular ectasia in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"19","author":"Bhatti","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000047","article-title":"Long-term treatment outcome of patients with gastric vascular ectasia treated with argon plasma coagulation","volume":"26","author":"Boltin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1159\/000210087","article-title":"Endoscopic argon plasma coagulation for the treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia-related bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"79","author":"Fuccio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00370.x","article-title":"Argon plasma coagulation in the management of symptomatic gastrointestinal vascular lesions: experience in 100 consecutive patients with long-term follow-up","volume":"101","author":"Kwan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2007.10.016","article-title":"Bleeding gastric vascular ectasia treated by argon plasma coagulation: a comparison between patients with and without cirrhosis","volume":"67","author":"Lecleire","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajg.2011.01.012","article-title":"Long-term effect of argon plasma coagulation (APC) in the treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE)","volume":"12","author":"Naga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arab J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-15722","article-title":"Treatment of watermelon stomach (GAVE syndrome) by means of endoscopic argon plasma coagulation (APC): long-term outcome","volume":"39","author":"Probst","year":"2001","journal-title":"Z Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-44594","article-title":"Tolerance and efficacy of argon plasma coagulation for controlling bleeding in patients with typical and atypical manifestations of watermelon stomach","volume":"35","author":"Roman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1996.tb00088.x","article-title":"Endoscopic laser therapy for watermelon stomach","volume":"11","author":"Bourke","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib171","first-page":"605","article-title":"Endoscopic YAG laser treatment of watermelon stomach (gastric antral vascular ectasia) in patients with systemic sclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Calamia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(94)70258-6","article-title":"The watermelon stomach: long-term outcome in patients treated with Nd:YAG laser therapy","volume":"40","author":"Liberski","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-003-0284-4","article-title":"Nd:YAG laser induces long-term remission in transfusion-dependent patients with watermelon stomach","volume":"18","author":"Mathou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(03)02539-2","article-title":"Endoscopic therapy for upper-GI vascular ectasias","volume":"59","author":"Pavey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib175","first-page":"1160","article-title":"The GRIM Test could be useful in detecting fabricated data","volume":"90","author":"De Cassai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.03.1109","article-title":"Endoscopic cryotherapy for the management of gastric antral vascular ectasia","volume":"68","author":"Cho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640618783537","article-title":"Nitrous oxide cryotherapy ablation for refractory gastric antral vascular ectasia","volume":"6","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2010.11.008","article-title":"Health utilities associated with hemoglobin levels and blood loss in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative","volume":"14","author":"Harrow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehrm.2010.12.001","article-title":"Effect of blood loss on physical function in arthritis patients: a pooled analysis","volume":"2","author":"Strand","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Outcomes Res Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib180","article-title":"When beauty is but skin deep: dealing with problematic studies in systematic reviews","volume":"6","author":"Boughton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12958","article-title":"Endoscopic treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia in real-life settings: argon plasma coagulation or endoscopic band ligation?","volume":"22","author":"Fabian","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dig Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1443-1661.2012.01410.x","article-title":"Band ligation of gastric antral vascular ectasia is a safe and effective endoscopic treatment","volume":"25","author":"Keohane","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2020.236","article-title":"Is endoscopic band ligation a superior treatment modality for gastric antral vascular ectasia compared to argon plasma coagulation?","volume":"54","author":"O'Morain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1443-1661.2011.01221.x","article-title":"Endoscopic band ligation versus argon plasma coagulation for gastric antral vascular ectasia associated with liver diseases","volume":"24","author":"Sato","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.02.021","article-title":"Treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia (watermelon stomach) with endoscopic band ligation","volume":"68","author":"Wells","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(04)01568-8","article-title":"ASGE guideline: the role of endoscopy in acute non-variceal upper-GI hemorrhage","volume":"60","author":"Adler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1093\/jcag\/gwac010","article-title":"American College of Gastroenterology-Canadian Association of Gastroenterology Clinical Practice Guideline: management of anticoagulants and antiplatelets during acute gastrointestinal bleeding and the periendoscopic period","volume":"5","author":"Abraham","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Can Assoc Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.09.009","article-title":"GRADE Evidence to Decision (EtD) frameworks for adoption, adaptation, and de novo development of trustworthy recommendations: GRADE-ADOLOPMENT","volume":"81","author":"Schunemann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508525009011?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508525009011?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T04:22:54Z","timestamp":1778473374000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016508525009011"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":188,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0016508525009011"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-5085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-5085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Canadian Association of Gastroenterology Clinical Practice Guideline for the Endoscopic Management of Nonvariceal Nonpeptic Ulcer Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gastroenterology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2025.04.041","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the AGA Institute.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}