{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:18:31Z","timestamp":1761092311836,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]],"date-time":"2007-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1183248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]],"date-time":"2007-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1183248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jfas.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,22]],"date-time":"2007-06-22T07:22:53Z","timestamp":1182496973000},"page":"218-222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Radiographic Healing of Conservative Versus Operative Management of Supination\u2013External Rotation II Fractures in a Smoking and Premature Weight-bearing Population"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Kristopher W.","family":"Krannitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lawrence M.","family":"Fallat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib1","series-title":"Aktuelle Probleme in der Chirurgie","first-page":"103","article-title":"Die verletzungendes oberen Sprunggelenkes","author":"Weber","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1950.01250010980011","article-title":"Fractures of the ankle. II. Combined experimental-surgical and experimental-roentgenologic investigations","volume":"60","author":"Lauge-Hansen","year":"1950","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-8422(23)01095-9","article-title":"Malleolar fractures of the ankle","volume":"16","author":"Mandracchia","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Podiatr Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678008990863","article-title":"Ankle fractures","volume":"51","author":"Yde","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678508994328","article-title":"Is closed treatment of ankle fractures advisable?","volume":"56","author":"Cedell","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib6","first-page":"321","article-title":"Treatment of malleolar fractures","volume":"36","author":"Solonen","year":"1965","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198510000-00004","article-title":"Malleolar fractures: nonoperative versus operative treatment","volume":"199","author":"Bauer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678508994329","article-title":"Thirty-year follow-up of ankle fractures","volume":"56","author":"Bauer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib9","first-page":"1910","article-title":"Ankle fractures pathomechanics and treatment","volume":"Vol. 2","author":"Vogler","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199501000-00020","article-title":"Fractures about the ankle","volume":"77","author":"Michaelson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Bone and Joint Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib11","first-page":"253","article-title":"Dynamic biomechanics of the normal ankle fracture","volume":"40","author":"Michaelson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Trans Orthop Res Soc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678508994330","article-title":"Closed treatment of ankle fractures","volume":"56","author":"Kristensen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib13","first-page":"311","article-title":"Fractures of the ankle and the distal part of the tibia","volume":"46","author":"Vander Griend","year":"1997","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200503000-00001","article-title":"Impact of smoking on fracture healing and risk of complications in limb-threatening open tibia fractures","volume":"19","author":"Castillo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200501000-00004","article-title":"Differential effects of nicotine and smoke condensate on bone cell metabolic activity","volume":"19","author":"Gullihorn","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199404150-00007","article-title":"Nicotine on the revascularization of bone graft","volume":"19","author":"Daftari","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079501600205","article-title":"Ankle performance after ankle fracture: a randomized study of early mobilization","volume":"16","author":"Tropp","year":"1995","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/ort.1981.52.suppl-189.01","article-title":"Operative treatment of ankle fractures","volume":"189","author":"Lindsjo","year":"1981","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr1","first-page":"111","article-title":"Evaluation of ankle fractures: non-operative and operative treatment","volume":"138","author":"Hughes","year":"1979","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.47B4.634","article-title":"The treatment of displaced fractures at the ankle by rigid internal fixation and early joint movement","volume":"47","author":"Burwell","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567010-00010","article-title":"A prospective, randomized study of the management of severe ankle fractures","volume":"67","author":"Phillips","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr4","first-page":"456","article-title":"Fractures of the ankle","volume":"71","author":"Lauge-Hansen","year":"1954","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr5","first-page":"813","article-title":"Fractures of the ankle","volume":"67","author":"Lauge-Hansen","year":"1953","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr6","first-page":"488","article-title":"Fractures of the ankle","volume":"64","author":"Lauge-Hansen","year":"1953","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr7","first-page":"80","article-title":"Post-traumatic arthroses of the ankle and foot joints","volume":"68","author":"Weber","year":"1975","journal-title":"Z Unfallmed Berufskr"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr8","first-page":"790","article-title":"Malleolar fractures","volume":"17","author":"Weber","year":"1967","journal-title":"Schweiz Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr9","first-page":"176","article-title":"The treatment of compression fractures of the ankle joint according to biomechanical principles","volume":"81","author":"Weber","year":"1965","journal-title":"Hefte Unfallheilkd"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198365050-00013","article-title":"Quantitative criteria for prediction of the results after displaced fracture of the ankle","volume":"65","author":"Pettrone","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31465-6","article-title":"A reproducible approach to the internal fixation of adult ankle fractures: rationale, technique, and early results","volume":"11","author":"Mast","year":"1980","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567070-00010","article-title":"Results of operative treatment of displaced external rotation-abduction fractures of the ankle","volume":"67","author":"de Souza","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197456050-00010","article-title":"Precise evaluation of the reduction of severe ankle fractures","volume":"56","author":"Joy","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr14","first-page":"460","article-title":"Effects of fibular malunion on contact area and stress distribution at the ankle with six simulated loading conditions","volume":"69","author":"Yoshimine","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nippon Seikeigeka Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199712000-00006","article-title":"The effect of fibular malreduction on contact pressures in an ankle fracture malunion model","volume":"79","author":"Thordarson","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr16","first-page":"191","article-title":"Pseudarthroses of the fibula following fracture of the lower leg","volume":"92","author":"Konig","year":"1989","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079501600402","article-title":"The short oblique fracture of the distal fibula without medial injury: an assessment of displacement","volume":"16","author":"Harper","year":"1995","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200102000-00008","article-title":"Lag screw only fixation of the lateral malleolus","volume":"15","author":"Tornetta","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079902001110","article-title":"Tibiotalar motion\u2014effect of fibular displacement and deltoid ligament","volume":"20","author":"Sasse","year":"1989","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr20","first-page":"69","article-title":"Internal fixation of malleolar fractures using the A.O. tension band wiring techniques","volume":"22","author":"Chojnacki","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Foot Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-2197.2002.02530.x","article-title":"Ankle fractures: functional and lifestyle outcomes at 2 years","volume":"72","author":"Lash","year":"2002","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-2516(99)80039-8","article-title":"A different approach to the treatment of the lateral malleolar fractures with syndesmosis injury: the ANK nail","volume":"38","author":"Kara","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2003.11.008","article-title":"Effects of isolated Weber B fibular fractures on the tibiotalar contact area","volume":"43","author":"Harris","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-2516(96)80029-9","article-title":"The Tillaux fracture","volume":"35","author":"Duchesneau","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-2516(09)80016-1","article-title":"The Maisonneuve fracture","volume":"34","author":"Duchesneau","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr26","first-page":"573","article-title":"The antiglide plate for the Danis-Weber type-B fibular fracture: a review of 71 cases","volume":"32","author":"Treadwell","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1177\/107110078700800107","article-title":"Supination-eversion fractures of the ankle joint: changes in incidence over 30 years","volume":"8","author":"Bauer","year":"1987","journal-title":"Foot Ankle"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197759020-00005","article-title":"The key role of the lateral malleolus in displaced fractures of the ankle","volume":"59","author":"Yablon","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200501000-00004","article-title":"Differential effects of nicotine and smoke condensate on bone cell metabolic activity","volume":"19","author":"Gullihorn","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(89)90003-X","article-title":"Comparative study of functional bracing and plaster cast treatment of stable lateral malleolar fractures","volume":"20","author":"Stuart","year":"1989","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198510000-00003","article-title":"Classification of ankle fractures: the Lauge-Hansen or AO system?","volume":"199","author":"Lindsjo","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr32","first-page":"3589","article-title":"Classification of ankle fractures\u2014according to Lauge-Hansen or AO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Osteosynthesefragen)","volume":"81","author":"Lindsjo","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr33","first-page":"192","article-title":"Lauge-Hansen classification: a clockwork injury","volume":"22","author":"Weiss","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Foot Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.7547\/0950060","article-title":"Realignment arthrodesis of the rearfoot and ankle: a comprehensive evaluation","volume":"95","author":"Mendicino","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Podiatr Med Association"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002_fr35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-2516(98)80015-X","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and bone healing: implications in foot and ankle surgery","volume":"37","author":"Haverstock","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1067251607001044?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1067251607001044?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T04:51:32Z","timestamp":1761022292000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1067251607001044"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1067251607001044"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1067-2516"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1067-2516"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Radiographic Healing of Conservative Versus Operative Management of Supination\u2013External Rotation II Fractures in a Smoking and Premature Weight-bearing Population","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.02.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2007 American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}