{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:59:18Z","timestamp":1792292358836,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Renal Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,24]],"date-time":"2011-12-24T18:58:40Z","timestamp":1324753120000},"page":"149-156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":290,"title":["Effect of Uremia on Structure and Function of Immune System"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Nosratola D.","family":"Vaziri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeleine V.","family":"Pahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Crum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Norris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2010.00784.x","article-title":"Inflammation in end-stage renal disease\u2013what have we learned in 10 years?","volume":"23","author":"Carrero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2807","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/14.12.2807","article-title":"Impaired cellular immunity in patients with end-stage renal failure","volume":"14","author":"Girndt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib3","series-title":"Annual data report","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2000.00337.x","article-title":"Mortality caused by sepsis in patients with end-stage renal disease compared with the general population","volume":"58","author":"Sarnak","year":"2000","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S206","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.59.s78.6.x","article-title":"Molecular aspects of T- and B-cell function in uremia","volume":"78","author":"Girndt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V131204","article-title":"Early T cell activation correlates with expression of apoptosis markers in patients with end-stage renal disease","volume":"13","author":"Meier","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1159\/000168284","article-title":"Impaired phagocytosis in dialysis patients: studies on mechanisms","volume":"11","author":"Alexiewicz","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S195","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.07845.x","article-title":"Dysfunction of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in uremia: role of parathyroid hormone","volume":"78","author":"Massry","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/15.8.1217","article-title":"T-cell activation follows Th1 rather than Th2 pattern in haemodialysis patients","volume":"15","author":"Sester","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113129","article-title":"Selective blockade of the antigen-receptor-mediated pathway of T cell activation in patients with impaired primary immune responses","volume":"80","author":"Meuer","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp580","article-title":"Effects of end-stage renal disease and haemodialysis on dendritic cell subsets and basal and LPS-stimulated cytokine production","volume":"25","author":"Agrawal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.ndt.a091858","article-title":"T-cell-independent and T-cell-dependent antibody responses in patients with chronic renal failure","volume":"4","author":"Beaman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S186","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.07844.x","article-title":"Defects in B-cell function and metabolism in uremia: role of parathyroid hormone","volume":"78","author":"Smogorzewski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp397","article-title":"Effect of end-stage renal disease on B-lymphocyte subpopulations, IL-7, BAFF and BAFF receptor expression","volume":"25","author":"Pahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2438","article-title":"Relationship between susceptibility to apoptosis and Fas expression in peripheral blood T cells from uremic patients: a possible mechanism for lymphopenia in chronic renal failure","volume":"215","author":"Matsumoto","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)01389-5","article-title":"Aberrant T cell activation and heightened apoptotic turnover in end-stage renal failure patients: a comparative evaluation between non-dialysis, haemodialysis, and peritoneal dialysis","volume":"308","author":"Moser","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001550","article-title":"Na\u00efve and Central Memory T-cell lymphopenia in end-stage renal disease","volume":"70","author":"Yoon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2004.06.009","article-title":"Inflammation: cause of vascular disease and malnutrition in dialysis patients","volume":"24","author":"Kaysen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002019","article-title":"Spontaneous leukocyte activation and oxygen-free radical generation in end-stage renal disease","volume":"71","author":"Yoon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1159\/000276764","article-title":"Leukocyte toll-like receptor expression in end-stage kidney disease","volume":"31","author":"Gollapudi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008070734","article-title":"Oxidized LDL modulates apoptosis of regulatory T cells in patients with ESRD","volume":"20","author":"Meier","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp005","article-title":"End-stage renal failure and regulatory activities of CD4+CD25bright+FoxP3+ T-cells","volume":"24","author":"Hendrikx","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2004.06.026","article-title":"Oxidative stress in uremia: nature, mechanisms, and potential consequences","volume":"24","author":"Vaziri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2010.36","article-title":"HDL metabolism and activity in chronic kidney disease","volume":"6","author":"Vaziri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1159\/000321845","article-title":"Lipid disorders and their relevance to outcomes in chronic kidney disease","volume":"31","author":"Vaziri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F662","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00421.2009","article-title":"Contribution of impaired Nrf2-Keap1 pathway to oxidative stress and inflammation in chronic renal failure","volume":"298","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03390509","article-title":"Upregulation of monocyte\/macrophage HGFIN (Gpnmb\/Osteoactivin) expression in end-stage renal disease","volume":"5","author":"Pahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP74273","article-title":"Increased monocyte adhesion-promoting capacity of plasma in end-stage renal disease\u2013response to antioxidant therapy","volume":"74","author":"Moradi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh897","article-title":"The effects of chronic kidney disease and renal replacement therapy on circulating dendritic cells","volume":"20","author":"Hesselink","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl519","article-title":"Functional impairment of monocyte-derived dendritic cells in patients with severe chronic kidney disease","volume":"22","author":"Verkade","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2005.10.003","article-title":"IL-7: a key regulator of B lymphopoiesis","volume":"18","author":"Milne","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2006.06.002","article-title":"Impact of the BAFF\/BR3 axis on B cell survival, germinal center maintenance and antibody production","volume":"18","author":"Kalled","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib33","first-page":"591","article-title":"CD5 B cells in development and disease","volume":"651","author":"Herzenberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02571.x","article-title":"Children with chronic renal failure have reduced numbers of memory B cells","volume":"137","author":"Bouts","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib35","first-page":"183","article-title":"T cells and B cells in chronic renal failure","volume":"16","author":"Descamps-Latscha","year":"1996","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)90401-1","article-title":"T cell subsets and cellular immunity in end-stage renal disease","volume":"75","author":"Raska","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib37","first-page":"463","article-title":"In-vitro analysis of B lymphocyte function in uraemia","volume":"70","author":"Degiannis","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1987.00370010091022","article-title":"B-cell activation and immunoregulation in end-stage renal disease patients receiving hemodialysis","volume":"147","author":"Raskova","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Inter Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/15.4.502","article-title":"B lymphopenia in uremia is related to an accelerated in\u00a0vitro apoptosis and dysregulation of Bcl-2","volume":"15","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Fresnedo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141152","article-title":"BAFF and APRIL: a tutorial on B cell survival","volume":"21","author":"Mackay","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Renal Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S105122761100210X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S105122761100210X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T05:11:39Z","timestamp":1640149899000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S105122761100210X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S105122761100210X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-2276"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-2276","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}}}