{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T18:42:42Z","timestamp":1761676962270,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jcardioanesthesia.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]],"date-time":"2021-01-18T01:53:15Z","timestamp":1610934795000},"page":"1568-1572","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The Right Ventricle in COVID-19 Lung Injury: Proposed Mechanisms, Management, and Research Gaps"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Graziella","family":"Isgro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2553-0983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hakeem O.","family":"Yusuff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Zochios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30370-2","article-title":"Pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome: A multicentre prospective observational study","volume":"8","author":"Grasselli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2020.06.007","article-title":"Dynamic regulation of SARS-Cov-2 binding and cell entry mechanisms in remodeled human ventricular myocardium","volume":"5","author":"Bristow","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1017","article-title":"Cardiovascular implications of fatal outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"5","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0360-5","article-title":"COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system","volume":"17","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3483","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12976","article-title":"The overlooked chamber in coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"7","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047971","article-title":"Spectrum of cardiac manifestations in\u00a0COVID-19: A systematic echocardiographic study","volume":"142","author":"Szekely","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.10.003","article-title":"Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: An update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"28","author":"Lang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2005.10.005","volume":"18","author":"Lang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14768","article-title":"Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia","volume":"18","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0010","first-page":"E131","article-title":"Hematologic parameters in patients with COVID-19 infection","volume":"95","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0011","first-page":"496","article-title":"Comparison of clinical and pathological features between severe acute respiratory syndrome and coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"43","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zhonghua Jie He Hu Xi Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3193","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2020.09.132","article-title":"COVID-19 and ECMO: An unhappy marriage of endothelial dysfunction and hemostatic derangements","volume":"34","author":"Seelhammer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.06.013","article-title":"COVID:19 A complex multisystem disorder","volume":"125","author":"Roberts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e178","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2020-0346","article-title":"Von Willebrand factor (vWF): Marker of endothelial damage and thrombotic risk in COVID-19","volume":"20","author":"Ladikou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Med (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1097\/MAT.0000000000001208","article-title":"Thrombosis and coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"66","author":"Yusuff","year":"2020","journal-title":"ASAIO J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.04.041","article-title":"Confirmation of the high cumulative incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19: An updated analysis","volume":"191","author":"Klok","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.053","article-title":"High prevalence of deep vein thrombosis in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients","volume":"76","author":"Voicu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06062-x","article-title":"High risk of thrombosis in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multicenter prospective cohort study","volume":"46","author":"Helms","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00041.2010","article-title":"Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction","volume":"92","author":"Sylvester","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-018-5172-2","article-title":"Diagnostic workup, etiologies and management of acute right ventricle failure: A state-of-the-art paper","volume":"44","author":"Vieillard-Baron","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2020.04.009","article-title":"Elevated troponin in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Possible mechanisms","volume":"26","author":"Tersalvi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-020-02498-7","article-title":"Incidence and determinants of high-sensitivity troponin and natriuretic peptides elevation at admission in hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients","volume":"15","author":"Arcari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03385-5","article-title":"Right ventricular-arterial uncoupling independently predicts survival in COVID-19 ARDS","volume":"24","author":"D'Alto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30566-3","article-title":"Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"395","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02147","article-title":"Epidemiology and immune pathogenesis of viral sepsis","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-017-0319-9","article-title":"Prognostic impact of isolated right ventricular dysfunction in sepsis and septic shock: An 8-year historical cohort study","volume":"7","author":"Vallabhajosyula","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.12.016","article-title":"Impact of right ventricular dysfunction on short- and long-term mortality in sepsis: A meta-analysis of 1,373 patients","author":"Vallabhajosyula","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2011.06.017","article-title":"Ventricular dysfunction and dilation in severe sepsis and septic shock: Relation to endothelial function and mortality","volume":"27","author":"Furian","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2736","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00796.2007","article-title":"Effective arterial elastance as an index of pulmonary vascular load","volume":"294","author":"Morimont","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cir Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2013.07.010","article-title":"Right ventriculoarterial coupling in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and expected benefits of CO2 removal therapy [abstract]","volume":"28","author":"Morimont","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-016-0113-0","article-title":"Respiratory mechanics and lung stress\/strain in children with acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Chiumello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340051274","article-title":"Regional distribution of gas and tissue in acute respiratory distress syndrome. I. Consequences for lung morphology: CT Scan ARDS Study Group","volume":"26","author":"Puybasset","year":"2000","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200106000-00012","article-title":"Positive end-expiratory pressure titration in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients: Impact on right ventricular outflow impedance evaluated by pulmonary artery Doppler flow velocity measurements","volume":"29","author":"Schmitt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-015-4141-2","article-title":"Acute cor pulmonale during protective ventilation for acute respiratory distress syndrome: Prevalence, predictors, and clinical impact","volume":"42","author":"Mekontso Dessap","year":"2016","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2020.05.010","article-title":"Right ventricular dilation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection","volume":"13","author":"Argulian","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2020.11.043","article-title":"Right ventricular dysfunction in critically ill COVID-19 ARDS","author":"Bleakley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2020.04.014","article-title":"Prognostic value of right ventricular longitudinal strain in patients with COVID-19","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R169","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9264","article-title":"Pulmonary vascular and right ventricular dysfunction in adult critical care: Current and emerging options for management: A systematic literature review","volume":"14","author":"Price","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06033-2","article-title":"COVID-19 pneumonia: Different respiratory treatments for different phenotypes?","volume":"46","author":"Gattinoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2020.100579","article-title":"Evaluation of PEEP and prone positioning in early COVID-19 ARDS","volume":"28","author":"Mittermaier","year":"2020","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.12.023","article-title":"Phenotypes of severe COVID-19 ARDS receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04943","article-title":"Rationale and description of right ventricle-protective ventilation in ARDS","volume":"61","author":"Paternot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0043","first-page":"58","article-title":"PEEP titration to minimize driving pressure in subjects with ARDS: A prospective physiological study","volume":"65","author":"Sahetya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Resp Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2018.09.48","article-title":"Should we titrate ventilation based on driving pressure? Maybe not in the way we would expect","volume":"6","author":"Pelosi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201611-2268OC","article-title":"Adverse heart-lung interactions in ventilator-induced lung injury","volume":"196","author":"Katira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201311-2056LE","article-title":"Prone position-induced improvement in gas exchange does not predict improved survival in the acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"189","author":"Albert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-014-3500-8","article-title":"Mechanisms of the effects of prone positioning in acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"40","author":"Guerin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2248","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2018.01.007","article-title":"Protecting the right ventricle in ARDS: The role of prone ventilation","volume":"32","author":"Zochios","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2020.09.137","article-title":"Nitric oxide ventilation improves recirculation and right ventricular function during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a COVID-19 patient [e-pub ahead of print]","author":"Heuts","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-020-00681-9","article-title":"Nitric oxide inhalation as an interventional rescue therapy for COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-010-1771-2","article-title":"Sildenafil for pulmonary hypertension in ARDS: A new pleasant effect?","volume":"36","author":"Blanch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30328-3","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Schmidt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32008-0","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in COVID-19: An international cohort study of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry","volume":"396","author":"Barbaro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0054","first-page":"215","article-title":"Pulmonary artery cannulation to enhance extracorporeal membrane oxygenation management in acute cardiac failure","volume":"30","author":"Lorusso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2020.3950","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for patients with COVID-19 in severe respiratory failure","volume":"155","author":"Mustafa","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2020.09.016","article-title":"Impact of right ventricular dysfunction on mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 according to race","volume":"3","author":"Moody","year":"2020","journal-title":"CJC Open"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053077021000161?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053077021000161?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T07:51:30Z","timestamp":1760946690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1053077021000161"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1053077021000161"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-0770"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1053-0770"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Right Ventricle in COVID-19 Lung Injury: Proposed Mechanisms, Management, and Research Gaps","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.01.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"simple-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Crown Copyright \u00a9 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}