{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T18:55:09Z","timestamp":1776106509847,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jcardioanesthesia.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T06:57:27Z","timestamp":1755241047000},"page":"3418-3425","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pain Trajectories After Cardiac Surgery Performed Via Midline Sternotomy"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4022-487X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Negmeldeen","family":"Mamoun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morgan A.","family":"Rosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamrouz","family":"Ghadimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Al-Qudsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Cutrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Whittle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandi","family":"Bottiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Manning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.20221655","article-title":"Assessment of pain and quality of life in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A cohort study","volume":"69","author":"Viana","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1177\/10892532211041320","article-title":"Persistent pain after cardiac surgery: Prevention and management","volume":"25","author":"Krakowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.120.007781","article-title":"Trajectories of pain after cardiac surgery: Implications for measurement, reporting, and individualized treatment","volume":"14","author":"Mori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2018.05.053","article-title":"Opioid-based anesthesia and analgesia for adult cardiac surgery: History and narrative review of the literature","volume":"33","author":"Kwanten","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196912182812503","article-title":"Cardiovascular response to large doses of intravenous morphine in man","volume":"281","author":"Lowenstein","year":"1969","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2019.1153","article-title":"Guidelines for perioperative care in cardiac surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Society recommendations","volume":"154","author":"Engelman","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2023.12.006","article-title":"Perioperative care in cardiac surgery: A joint consensus statement by the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Cardiac Society, ERAS International Society, and The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)","volume":"117","author":"Grant","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.12.008","volume":"17","author":"Chou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.0935","article-title":"History of the Joint Commission's pain standards: Lessons for today's prescription opioid epidemic","volume":"317","author":"Baker","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2013.10.001","article-title":"Pain as the fifth vital sign: Exposing the vital need for pain education","volume":"35","author":"Morone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2007.01.062","article-title":"Kindness kills: The negative impact of pain as the fifth vital sign","volume":"205","author":"Lucas","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03012978","article-title":"Intraoperative high dose fentanyl induces postoperative fentanyl tolerance","volume":"46","author":"Chia","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1590\/0104-1169.3115.2391","article-title":"Assessment of pain during rest and during activities in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery","volume":"22","author":"Mello","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Lat Am Enfermagem"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0014","article-title":"Perioperative pain management and opioid stewardship: A practical guide","volume":"9","author":"Hyland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003428","article-title":"Perioperative use of gabapentinoids for the management of postoperative acute pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"133","author":"Verret","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2022.3680","article-title":"Perioperative gabapentin use and in-hospital adverse clinical events among older adults after major surgery","volume":"182","author":"Park","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2020.09.103","article-title":"Reducing opioid use in patients undergoing cardiac surgery - Preoperative, intraoperative, and critical care strategies","volume":"35","author":"Ochroch","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2016.04.078","article-title":"Intravenous acetaminophen analgesia after cardiac surgery: A randomized, blinded, controlled superiority trial","volume":"152","author":"Mamoun","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2023.01.020","article-title":"Pain management and opioid stewardship in adult cardiac surgery: Joint consensus report of the PeriOperative Quality Initiative and the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Cardiac Society","volume":"166","author":"Grant","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2019.05.035","article-title":"Results from an enhanced recovery program for cardiac surgery","volume":"159","author":"Grant","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2023.03.018","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of adjuvant nonopioid analgesia in adult cardiac surgical patients: A network meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Heybati","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-019-0802-y","article-title":"Effect of opioid-free anaesthesia on post-operative period in cardiac surgery: A retrospective matched case-control study","volume":"19","author":"Guinot","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2024.06.025","article-title":"ERAS\/STS 2024 expert consensus statement on perioperative care in cardiac surgery: Continuing the evolution of optimized patient care and recovery","volume":"38","author":"Gregory","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1177\/1089253220957484","article-title":"Incorporation of the transverse thoracic plane block into a multimodal early extubation protocol for cardiac surgical patients","volume":"25","author":"Cardinale","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s44158-024-00155-5","article-title":"Fascial plane blocks for cardiothoracic surgery: A narrative review","volume":"4","author":"Capuano","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Anesth Analg Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.05.001","article-title":"Efficacy of preoperative bilateral thoracic paravertebral block in cardiac surgery requiring full heparinization: A propensity-matched study","volume":"36","author":"Naganuma","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3596","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2022.05.007","article-title":"Pain trajectories after valve surgeries performed via midline sternotomy versus mini-thoracotomy","volume":"36","author":"Mamoun","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0028","series-title":"Latent Class Analysis","article-title":"In: The international encyclopedia of communication research methods","author":"Karnowski","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798420930932","article-title":"Latent class analysis: A guide to best practice","volume":"46","author":"Weller","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Black Psychol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053077025006603?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053077025006603?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T13:12:35Z","timestamp":1774962755000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1053077025006603"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1053077025006603"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-0770"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-0770","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pain Trajectories After Cardiac Surgery Performed Via Midline Sternotomy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jvca.2025.08.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}