{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:53:09Z","timestamp":1792194789495,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,1]],"date-time":"2006-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1146441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,8]],"date-time":"2006-11-08T07:30:12Z","timestamp":1162971012000},"page":"70-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1670,"title":["Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Pathology and prognosis at different sites"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Markku","family":"Miettinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerzy","family":"Lasota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5350.577","article-title":"Gain-of-function mutations of c-kit in human gastrointestinal stromal tumors","volume":"279","author":"Hirota","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib2","first-page":"1259","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors show phenotypic characteristics of the interstitial cells of Cajal","volume":"153","author":"Kindblom","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib3","first-page":"3","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): -Definition, occurrence, pathology, differential diagnosis and molecular genetic features","volume":"54","author":"Miettinen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pol J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200108000-00001","article-title":"Gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor: immunohistochemical and molecular identity with gastrointestinal stromal tumor","volume":"25","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3282","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-03-0715","article-title":"Gene expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors is distinguished by KIT genotype and anatomic site","volume":"10","author":"Antonescu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7780","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208056","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) with KIT and PDGFRA mutations have distinct gene expression profiles","volume":"23","author":"Subramanian","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020461","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of imatinib mesylate in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors","volume":"347","author":"Demetri","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200002000-00007","article-title":"Esophageal stromal tumors: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 17 cases and comparison with esophageal leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas","volume":"24","author":"Miettinen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2005.20.6.977","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors in Koreans: its incidence and the clinical, pathologic and immunohistochemical findings","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20862","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: the incidence, prevalence, clinical course, and prognostication in the preimatinib mesylate era: a population-based study in western Sweden","volume":"103","author":"Nilsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21167","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors in Iceland, 1990-2003: the Icelandic GIST study, a population-based incidence and pathologic risk stratification study","volume":"117","author":"Tryggvason","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200604000-00008","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) of the jejunum and ileum: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic study of 906 cases prior to imatinib with long-term follow-up","volume":"30","author":"Miettinen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200206000-00003","article-title":"Gastric stromal tumors","volume":"26","author":"Trupiano","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.2003.01665.x","article-title":"Prognostic indicators for gastrointestinal stromal tumours: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 108 resected cases of the stomach","volume":"43","author":"Wong","year":"2003","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000146010.92933.de","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic studies of 1765 cases with long-term follow-up","volume":"29","author":"Miettinen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib16","first-page":"100A","article-title":"\u201cSeedling\u201d mesenchymal tumors (gastrointestinal stromal tumors and leiomyomas) are common in the esophagogastric region","volume":"19","author":"Abraham","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197608)38:2<708::AID-CNCR2820380215>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Gastric epithelioid leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma (leiomyoblastoma)","volume":"38","author":"Appelman","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200305000-00006","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors, intramural leiomyomas, and leiomyosarcomas of the duodenum: a clinicopathologic, immunohisto-chemical, and molecular genetic study of 167 cases","volume":"27","author":"Miettinen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199501000-00009","article-title":"Stromal tumors of the duodenum","volume":"19","author":"Goldblum","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-004-1200-4","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the pancreas: case report with documentation of KIT gene mutation","volume":"446","author":"Daum","year":"2005","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib21","first-page":"200","article-title":"Stromal tumors of the jeujunum and ileum","volume":"10","author":"Tworek","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199202000-00007","article-title":"Small intestinal stromal tumors with skeinoid fibers","volume":"16","author":"Min","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199704000-00006","article-title":"Stromal tumors of the jejunum and ileum: a clinicopathologic study of 39 cases","volume":"21","author":"Brainard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1177\/106689690201000203","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: an ultrastructural study","volume":"10","author":"Yantiss","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199908000-00012","article-title":"Stromal tumors of the abdominal colon","volume":"23","author":"Tworek","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200010000-00003","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors and leiomyosarcomas in the colon","volume":"24","author":"Miettinen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200111000-00013","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors in the appendix","volume":"25","author":"Miettinen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000180445.79398.d4","article-title":"Appendiceal gastrointestinal stromal tumor","volume":"29","author":"Yap","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199908000-00013","article-title":"Stromal tumors of the anorectum","volume":"23","author":"Tworek","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200109000-00002","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors, intramural leiomyomas, and leiomyosarcomas in the rectum and anus","volume":"25","author":"Miettinen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-006-0503-8","article-title":"Clinical, pathologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the colon and rectum: implications for surgical management and adjuvant therapies","volume":"49","author":"Hassan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dis Col Rectum"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0687-8","article-title":"Evaluation of prognosis for malignant rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor by clinical parameters and immunohistochemical staining","volume":"47","author":"Changchien","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dis Col Rectum"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480507100212","article-title":"A gastrointestinal stromal tumor discovered in a resected hemorrhoidal donut after stapled hemorrhoidopexy: report of a case","volume":"71","author":"Firoozmand","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199909000-00015","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors\/smooth muscle tumors\/GISTs in the omentum and mesentery: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 26 cases","volume":"23","author":"Miettinen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3880099","article-title":"Extragastrointestinal (soft tissue) stromal tumors","volume":"13","author":"Reith","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200404000-00007","article-title":"c-kit and PDGFRA mutations in extragastrointestinal stromal tumor (gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the soft tissue)","volume":"28","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-005-0005-5","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumours: a regular origin in the muscularis propria, but an extremely diverse gross presentation","author":"Agaimy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pgp.0000215291.22867.18","article-title":"Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors presenting as vulvovaginal\/rectovaginal septal masses: a diagnostic pitfall","volume":"25","author":"Lam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.5858\/2000-124-0894-SCTOUB","article-title":"Spindle cell tumor of urinary bladder serosa with phenotypic and genotypic features of gastrointestinal stromal tumor","volume":"124","author":"Lasota","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.01.053","article-title":"Uterine gastrointestinal stromal tumor","volume":"97","author":"Wingen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1827.2001.01224.x","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors and KIT-positive mesenchymal cells in the omentum","volume":"51","author":"Sakurai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200010000-00013","article-title":"Stromal tumor of the gallbladder with phenotype of interstitial cells of Cajal","volume":"24","author":"Ortiz-Hidalgo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib43","first-page":"481","article-title":"Malignant stromal tumor of the gallbladder with interstitial cells of Cajal phenotype","volume":"126","author":"Mendoza-Marin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2004.19.5.763","article-title":"Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the gallbladder","volume":"19","author":"Park","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2005.04.011","article-title":"Malignant stromal tumor, so called \u201cgastrointestinal stromal tumor\u201d, with rhabdomyomatous differentiation occurring in the gallbladder","volume":"201","author":"Furihata","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1258\/002221504323012120","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the pharynx","volume":"118","author":"Siddio","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mph.0000157790.81329.47","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors in children and young adults: a clinicopathologic, molecular, and genomic study of 15 cases and review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Prakash","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000172190.79552.8b","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach in children and young adults: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 44 cases with long-term follow-up and review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Miettinen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.4065\/74.6.543","article-title":"Gastric stromal sarcoma, pulmonary chondroma, and extra-adrenal paraganglioma (Carney triad): natural history, adrenocortical component, and possible familial occurrence","volume":"74","author":"Carney","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000163359.32734.f9","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of neuro-fibromatosis type I (von Recklinghausen\u2019s disease)","volume":"29","author":"Takazawa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000159775.77912.15","article-title":"NF1-associated gastrointestinal stromal tumors have unique clinical, phenotypic, and genotypic characteristics","volume":"29","author":"Andersson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000176433.81079.bd","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors in patients with neurofibromatosis 1","volume":"30","author":"Miettinen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1487","article-title":"Absence of c-kit gene mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumours from neurofibromatosis type 1 patients","volume":"202","author":"Kinoshita","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib54","first-page":"728","article-title":"CD117: a sensitive marker for gastrointestinal stromal tumors that is more specific than CD34","volume":"11","author":"Sarlomo-Rikala","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200407000-00007","article-title":"KIT-negative gastrointestinal stromal tumors: proof of concept and therapeutic implications","volume":"28","author":"Medeiros","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3700122","article-title":"A great majority of GISTs with PDGFRA mutations represent gastric tumors with low or no malignant potential","volume":"84","author":"Lasota","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2005.02128.x","article-title":"PDGFR expression in differential diagnosis between KIT-negative gastrointestinal stromal tumours and other primary soft-tissue tumours of the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"46","author":"Rossi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pai.0000156607.04726.9a","article-title":"Epithelioid gastrointestinal stromal tumor with PDGFRA activating mutation and immunoreactivity","volume":"13","author":"Yi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5127","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-0559","article-title":"Protein kinase C theta (PKCtheta) expression and constitutive activation in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs)","volume":"64","author":"Duensing","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4089","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-0630","article-title":"Protein kinase C theta is highly expressed in gastrointestinal stromal tumors but not in other mesenchymal neoplasias","volume":"10","author":"Blay","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2005.01806.x","article-title":"PKC theta, a novel immunohistochemical marker for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), especially useful for identifying KIT-negative tumors","volume":"55","author":"Motegi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63279-8","article-title":"The novel marker, DOG1, is expressed ubiquitously in gastrointestinal stromal tumors irrespective of KIT or PDGFRA mutation status","volume":"165","author":"West","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2005.02179.x","article-title":"Changing phenotype of gastrointestinal stromal tumours under imatinib mesylate treatment: a potential diagnostic pitfall","volume":"47","author":"Pauwels","year":"2005","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70560-3","article-title":"Blockade of kit signaling induces transdifferentiation of interstitial cells of Cajal to a smooth muscle phenotype","volume":"117","author":"Torihashi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65246-7","article-title":"Embryonic form of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMEmb\/MHC-B) is gastrointestinal stromal tumor and interstitial cell of Cajal","volume":"154","author":"Sakurai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib66","first-page":"756","article-title":"Calponin and h-caldesmon in soft tissue tumors: consistent h-caldesmon immunoreactivity in gastrointestinal stromal tumors indicaters traits of smooth muscle differentiation","volume":"12","author":"Miettinen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64029-1","article-title":"Expression of the intermediate filament nestin in gastrointestinal stromal tumors and interstitial cells of Cajal","volume":"158","author":"Tsujimura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0463.2002.100608.x","article-title":"Patterns of nestin and other intermediate filament expression distinguish between gastrointestinal stromal tumors, leiomyomas and schwannomas","volume":"110","author":"Sarlomo-Rikala","year":"2002","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2002.123545","article-title":"Diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a consensus approach","volume":"33","author":"Fletcher","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910310104","article-title":"Production of a mouse monoclonal antibody reactive with a human nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation","volume":"31","author":"Gerdes","year":"1983","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.2002.01343.x","article-title":"Ki67 protein: the immaculate deception?","volume":"40","author":"Brown","year":"2002","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2005.03.012","article-title":"Prognostic significance of expressions of cell-cycle regulatory proteins in gastrointestinal stromal tumor and the relevance of the risk grade","volume":"36","author":"Nakamura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(97)90100-3","article-title":"Prognostic significance of DNA ploidy and proliferative index (MIB-1) index in gastrointestinal stromal tumors","volume":"28","author":"Carillo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib74","first-page":"791","article-title":"Immunophenotype, proliferation","volume":"29","author":"Rudolph","year":"1998","journal-title":"DNA ploidy, and biological behavior of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a multivariate clinicopathologic study"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib75","first-page":"239","article-title":"Ki67 (MIB-1) immunohistochemistry as a prognostic factor in gastrointestinal smooth-muscle tumors","volume":"2","author":"Emory","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1913","article-title":"Assessing p53 in clinical contexts: unlearned lessons and new perspectives","volume":"208","author":"Hall","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1827.2001.01233.x","article-title":"P53 overexpression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors","volume":"51","author":"Al-Bozom","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2005.02071.x","article-title":"The expression of p53 and bcl-2 in gastrointestinal stromal tumours is associated with anatomic site, and p53 expression is associated with grade and clinical outcome","volume":"46","author":"Feakins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1177\/106689690000800208","article-title":"Predicting metastatic risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: role of cell proliferation and cell cycle regulatory proteins","volume":"8","author":"Panizo-Santos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib80","first-page":"669","article-title":"Quantitation of p53 protein expression in gastrointestinal smooth muscle tumors","volume":"108","author":"Jianhui","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chinese Med J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3780290","article-title":"Molecular analysis of the 9p21 locus and p53 genes in Ewing family tumors","volume":"81","author":"Lopez-Guerrero","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.08.101","article-title":"High prognostic value of p16INK4 alterations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors","volume":"21","author":"Schneider-Stock","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib83","first-page":"3899","article-title":"DNA sequence copy number changes in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: tumor progression and prognostic significance","volume":"60","author":"El-Rifai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800199","article-title":"Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 9p and loss of p16 INK4A expression are associated with malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors","volume":"17","author":"Sabah","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21113","article-title":"9p21 locus analysis in high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors characterized for c-kit and platelet-derived growth factor receptor \u03b1 gene alterations","volume":"104","author":"Perrone","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.638.11.2","article-title":"Loss of p16 protein defines high-risk patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a tissue microarray study","volume":"11","author":"Schneider-Stock","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199807000-00008","article-title":"Expression of bcl-2 oncoprotein in benign and malignant spindle cell tumors of soft tissue, skin, serosal surfaces, and gastrointestinal tract","volume":"22","author":"Suster","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s004280050244","article-title":"Cell-type- and tumour-type-related patterns of bcl-2 reactivity in mesenchymal cells and soft tissue tumours","volume":"433","author":"Miettinen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2006.01.023","article-title":"Altered expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins in gastrointestinal stromal tumors markers with potential prognostic implications","volume":"37","author":"Sabah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/00022744-200103000-00005","article-title":"Apoptosis, bcl-2 expression, and p53 expression in gastrointestinal stromal\/smooth muscle tumors","volume":"9","author":"Cunningham","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200402000-00003","article-title":"CD44 loss in gastric stromal tumors as a prognostic marker","volume":"28","author":"Montgomery","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0740257006001432?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0740257006001432?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T01:13:12Z","timestamp":1707354792000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0740257006001432"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0740257006001432"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.semdp.2006.09.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-2570"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0740-2570","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]}}}