{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T03:05:46Z","timestamp":1793070346595,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T20:56:43Z","timestamp":1701896203000},"page":"144-148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Primary adrenal insufficiency induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: biological, clinical, and radiological aspects"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Serafina","family":"Martella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minke","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Porcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Perra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nerina","family":"Denaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Pretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Deias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Willard-Gallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hector Soto","family":"Parra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Saba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Scartozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7612-0944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Demi","family":"Wekking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marleen","family":"Kok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco Maria","family":"Aiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Solinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R207","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-20-0342","article-title":"Management of endocrine immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: an updated review","volume":"9","author":"Stelmachowska-Bana\u015b","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00006","article-title":"Endocrine Toxicity of Cancer Immunotherapy Targeting Immune Checkpoints","volume":"40","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0843-3366","article-title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Endocrine-Related Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors","volume":"51","author":"de Filette","year":"2019","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.3064","article-title":"Incidence of Endocrine Dysfunction Following the Use of Different Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Regimens: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Barroso-Sousa","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2023.09.2287","article-title":"1153P Incidence and characteristics of immunotherapy related adrenal insufficiency in a monocenter, pan-cancer cohort of 4314 patients","volume":"34","author":"Lucas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annals of Oncology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00252-7","article-title":"Adrenal insufficiency","volume":"7","author":"Hahner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0007","first-page":"1762","article-title":"Is the prevalence of Addison's disease underestimated?","volume":"84","author":"Laureti","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0008","first-page":"3507","article-title":"Levels of adrenocortical autoantibodies correlate with the degree of adrenal dysfunction in subjects with preclinical Addison's disease","volume":"83","author":"Laureti","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2018.03.008","article-title":"Autoimmune Addison's disease - An update on pathogenesis","volume":"79","author":"Hellesen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1713301","article-title":"Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndromes","volume":"378","author":"Husebye","year":"2018","journal-title":"The New England journal of medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-018-1737-7","article-title":"Primary adrenal insufficiency due to bilateral infiltrative disease","volume":"62","author":"Herndon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1170467","article-title":"The natural history of adrenal function in autoimmune patients with adrenal autoantibodies","volume":"117","author":"Betterle","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2020.09.016","article-title":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Adrenalitis and Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: Systematic Review and Optimal Management","volume":"27","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2019.102454","article-title":"Isolated autoimmune adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency: From a rare disease to the dominant cause of adrenal insufficiency related to check point inhibitors","volume":"19","author":"Percik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0015","article-title":"Autoantibodies involved in primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"17","author":"Helderman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunooncol Technol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2019-0555","article-title":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: WHO VigiBase Report Analysis","volume":"25","author":"Grouthier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa553","article-title":"ICPis-Induced Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 2: A Review of the Literature and a Protocol for Optimal Management","volume":"105","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40842-018-0073-4","article-title":"Spectrum of immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced endocrinopathies in cancer patients: a scoping review of case reports","volume":"5","author":"Tan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"T331","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-17-0358","article-title":"Endocrine side effects of cancer immunotherapy","volume":"24","author":"Cukier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2017-00170","article-title":"Polyendocrinopathy Resulting From Pembrolizumab in a Patient With a Malignant Melanoma","volume":"1","author":"Paepegaey","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030954","article-title":"Italian addison network study: update of diagnostic criteria for the etiological classification of primary adrenal insufficiency","volume":"89","author":"Falorni","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2018-00366","article-title":"Immune Checkpoint Blockade Anti-PD-L1 as a Trigger for Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome","volume":"3","author":"Lanzolla","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2018.07.002","article-title":"Expert opinions on adrenal complications in immunotherapy","volume":"79","author":"Haissaguerre","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14030593","article-title":"Endocrine Toxicities of Antineoplastic Therapy: The Adrenal Topic","volume":"14","author":"Barnabei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70142-1","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of adrenal insufficiency","volume":"3","author":"Bancos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12162","article-title":"Consensus statement on the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with primary adrenal insufficiency","volume":"275","author":"Husebye","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199006283222601","article-title":"Clinical variation of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) in a series of 68 patients","volume":"322","author":"Ahonen","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4073","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01440","article-title":"Management of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: ASCO Guideline Update","volume":"39","author":"Schneider","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2022.10.001","article-title":"E.G.C.E.a. clinicalguidelines@esmo.org, Management of toxicities from immunotherapy: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"33","author":"Haanen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-1710","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"101","author":"Bornstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2015-0509","article-title":"S.G.f.C.I.-B. (GETICA), Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Review and Management of Endocrine Adverse Events","volume":"21","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.18.2.9536486","article-title":"Spectrum of CT findings in nonmalignant disease of the adrenal gland","volume":"18","author":"Kawashima","year":"1998","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.2551","article-title":"Adrenal imaging with MDCT: Nonneoplastic disease","volume":"193","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2020190080","article-title":"Technical and Interpretive Pitfalls in Adrenal Imaging","volume":"40","author":"Nandra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2020.103068","article-title":"Radiomics and \"radi-\u2026omics\" in cancer immunotherapy: a guide for clinicians","volume":"154","author":"Porcu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0036","unstructured":"N.G.V. 1. 2022, Management of Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-002435","article-title":"Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adverse events","volume":"9","author":"Brahmer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0093775423000830?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0093775423000830?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]],"date-time":"2024-03-29T03:31:00Z","timestamp":1711683060000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0093775423000830"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0093775423000830"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0093-7754"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0093-7754","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Primary adrenal insufficiency induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: biological, clinical, and radiological aspects","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Seminars in Oncology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2023.11.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}