{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T22:13:44Z","timestamp":1776723224420,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]],"date-time":"2008-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1222819200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Perinatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,2]],"date-time":"2008-10-02T04:26:38Z","timestamp":1222921598000},"page":"371-374","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Perinatal Programming of Obesity"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Simmons","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.1993.1014","article-title":"Do obese children become obese adults","volume":"22","author":"Serdula","year":"1993","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800454","article-title":"Measurement and long-term health risks of child and adolescent fatness","volume":"21","author":"Power","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/59.5.955","article-title":"Critical periods in childhood for the development of obesity","volume":"59","author":"Dietz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib4","first-page":"1137","article-title":"Relation between weight and length at birth and body mass index in young adulthood: cohort study","volume":"315","author":"Sorensen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bone Miner J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7325.1331","article-title":"Fetal and early life growth and body mass index from birth to early adulthood in 1958 British cohort: longitudinal study","volume":"323","author":"Parsons","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E221","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.3.e221","article-title":"Maternal gestational diabetes, and adolescent obesity","volume":"111","author":"Gillman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib7","first-page":"S5","article-title":"Familial trends of obesity through three generations","volume":"19","author":"Guillaume","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib8","first-page":"397","article-title":"Is the intrauterine period really a critical period for the development of adiposity?","volume":"19","author":"Allison","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord."},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/75.4.676","article-title":"Birth weight and body composition in young women: a prospective twin study","volume":"75","author":"Loos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(03)00828-7","article-title":"Increased fetal adiposity: a very sensitive marker of abnormal in utero development","volume":"189","author":"Catalano","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198302033080502","article-title":"Excessive obesity in offspring of Pima Indian women with diabetes during pregnancy","volume":"308","author":"Pettitt","year":"1983","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.5.611","article-title":"Impaired glucose tolerance in adolescent offspring of diabetic mothers","volume":"18","author":"Silverman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.8.1284","article-title":"Effects of maternal gestational diabetes on offspring adiposity at 4 to 7 years of age","volume":"22","author":"Vohr","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1808","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome in childhood: association with birth weight, maternal obesity, and gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"115","author":"Boney","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.7.1745","article-title":"Birth weight and parental BMI predict overweight in children from mothers with gestational diabetes","volume":"28","author":"Schaefer-Graf","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1159\/000017367","article-title":"Malformation of hypothalamic nuclei in hyperinsulinaemic offspring of gestational diabetic mother rats","volume":"21","author":"Plagemann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6977.428","article-title":"Fetal and infant growth and cardiovascular risk factors in women","volume":"310","author":"Fall","year":"1995","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.46.3.184","article-title":"Early growth and abdominal fatness in adult life","volume":"46","author":"Law","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197608122950701","article-title":"Obesity in young men after famine exposure in utero and early infancy","volume":"295","author":"Ravelli","year":"1976","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588S","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2004.10719428","article-title":"The developmental origins of adult disease","volume":"23","author":"Barker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00403383","article-title":"Birth weight and adult health outcomes in a biethnic population in the USA","volume":"37","author":"Valdez","year":"1994","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.85.4.1401","article-title":"Insulin resistance early in adulthood in subjects born with intrauterine growth retardation","volume":"85","author":"Jaquet","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrin Metab"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-4_Part_1-199902160-00005","article-title":"Birth weight and the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult women","volume":"130","author":"Rich-Edwards","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199803000-00005","article-title":"Neonatal cord blood leptin: its relationship to birth weight, body mass index, maternal diabetes, and steroids","volume":"43","author":"Shekhawat","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200011000-00016","article-title":"Fetal plasma leptin concentrations: relationship with different intrauterine growth patterns from 19 weeks to term","volume":"48","author":"Cetin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-26713","article-title":"Association between maternal and child leptin levels 9 years after pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes","volume":"34","author":"Malee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(02)00666-5","article-title":"Early programming of glucose-insulin metabolism","volume":"13","author":"Ozanne","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R271","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00051.2003","article-title":"Sedentary behavior during postnatal life is determined by the prenatal environment and exacerbated by postnatal hypercaloric nutrition","volume":"285","author":"Vickers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2944","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.10.2944","article-title":"Dysfunction of mitochondria in human skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"51","author":"Kelley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2002.31324","article-title":"Skeletal muscle characteristics predict body fat gain in response to overfeeding in never-obese young men","volume":"51","author":"Sun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.10.2279","article-title":"Intrauterine growth retardation leads to type II diabetes in adulthood in the rat","volume":"50","author":"Simmons","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199808000-00005","article-title":"Effect of uteroplacental insufficiency on brain neuropeptide Y and corticotropin-releasing factor gene expression and concentrations","volume":"44","author":"Rajakumar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib33","first-page":"E1258","article-title":"Impaired oxidative phosphorylation in hepatic mitochondria of growth retarded rats alters glucose metabolism","volume":"285","author":"Peterside","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28785","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M505695200","article-title":"Progressive accumulation of MtDNA mutations and decline of mitochondrial function lead to \u03b2-cell failure","volume":"280","author":"Selak","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib35","first-page":"E130","article-title":"Impaired oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle contributes to insulin resistance and hyperglycemia","volume":"285","author":"Selak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.10.2617","article-title":"Hepatic insulin resistance precedes the development of diabetes in a model of intrauterine growth retardation","volume":"53:","author":"Vuguin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Perinatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014600050800089X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014600050800089X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T06:58:05Z","timestamp":1557817085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S014600050800089X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S014600050800089X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.08.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-0005"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-0005","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]}}}