{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T07:06:43Z","timestamp":1768720003735,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,24]],"date-time":"2014-01-24T11:36:17Z","timestamp":1390563377000},"page":"310-316","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Associated Aortopathy: An Update"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Evaldas","family":"Girdauskas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Borger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/os-21.83.383","article-title":"The clinical importance of variations in the number of cusps forming the aortic and pulmonary valves","volume":"21","author":"Wauchope","year":"1928","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.6.2.235","article-title":"Bicuspid aortic valve: Clinical approach and scientific review of a common clinical entity","volume":"6","author":"Friedman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.83.1.81","article-title":"Clinical significance of the bicuspid aortic valve","volume":"83","author":"Ward","year":"2000","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.03.050","article-title":"Bicuspid aortic valve is heritable","volume":"44","author":"Cripe","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(70)90761-7","article-title":"The congenitally bicuspid aortic valve. A study of 85 autopsy cases","volume":"26","author":"Roberts","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.34.6.569","article-title":"Pathogenesis of aortic stenosis and its relation to age","volume":"34","author":"Pomerance","year":"1972","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2006.06.001","article-title":"Echocardiographic prevalence of bicuspid aortic valve in the population","volume":"15","author":"Movahed","year":"2006","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.10.036","article-title":"The prevalence of bicuspid aortic valve in newborns by echocardiographic screening","volume":"150","author":"Tutar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2003.11.031","article-title":"An echocardiographic survey of primary school children for bicuspid aortic valve","volume":"93","author":"Basso","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-004-3901-9","article-title":"Aortic valve morphology definition with transthoracic combined with transesophageal echocardiography in a population with high prevalence of bicuspid aortic valve","volume":"21","author":"Alegret","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00372-0","article-title":"A prospective study to assess the frequency of familial clustering of congenital bicuspid aortic valve","volume":"30","author":"Huntington","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.4065\/74.1.14","article-title":"Congenitally bicuspid aortic valves: A surgical pathology study of 542 cases (1991 through 1996) and a literature review of 2715 additional cases","volume":"74","author":"Sabet","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.09091437","article-title":"Bicuspid aortic valve: Four-dimensional MR evaluation of ascending aortic systolic flow patterns","volume":"255","author":"Hope","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.113.000528","article-title":"Aortic dilation in bicuspid aortic valve disease: Flow pattern is a major contributor and differs with valve fusion type","volume":"6","author":"Bissell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2011.10.014","article-title":"Restricted cusp motion in right-left type of bicuspid aortic valves: A new risk marker for aortopathy","volume":"144","author":"Della Corte","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-12-4","article-title":"Hemodynamic predictors of aortic dilatation in bicuspid aortic valve by velocity-encoded cardiovascular magnetic resonance","volume":"12","author":"den Reijer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Girdauskas E, Rouman M, Disha K, et al: Correlation between systolic transvalvular flow and proximal aortic wall changes in bicuspid aortic valve stenosis. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg (in press) 2014","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezt610"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)01249-9","article-title":"The congenitally bicuspid aortic valve: How does it function? Why does it fail?","volume":"77","author":"Robicsek","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-009-9854-3","article-title":"Quantification of hemodynamic wall shear stress in patients with bicuspid aortic valve using phase-contrast MRI","volume":"38","author":"Barker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.04.118","article-title":"Increased ascending aortic wall stress in patients with bicuspid aortic valves","volume":"92","author":"Nathan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-012-0527-2","article-title":"In vitro characterization of bicuspid aortic valve hemodynamics using particle image velocimetry","volume":"40","author":"Saikrishnan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jes273","article-title":"Wall shear stress and flow patterns in the ascending aorta in patients with bicuspid aortic valves differ significantly from tricuspid aortic valves: A prospective study","volume":"14","author":"Meierhofer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2011.01.001","article-title":"Is aortopathy in bicuspid aortic valve disease a congenital defect or a result of abnormal hemodynamics? A critical reappraisal of a one-sided argument","volume":"39","author":"Girdauskas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0b013e3283217e29","article-title":"The association of bicuspid aortic valve disease with asymmetric dilatation of the tubular ascending aorta: Identification of a definite syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Cotrufo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2006.12.006","article-title":"Predictors of ascending aortic dilatation with bicuspid aortic valve: A wide spectrum of disease expression","volume":"31","author":"Della Corte","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezs137","article-title":"Risk of late aortic events after isolated aortic valve replacement for bicuspid aortic valve stenosis with concomitant ascending aortic dilation","volume":"42","author":"Girdauskas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezs137","article-title":"Long-term prognosis of ascending aortic aneurysm after aortic valve replacement for bicuspid versus tricuspid aortic valve stenosis","author":"Girdauskas","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.82.1.19","article-title":"Aortic root dilatation in young men with normally functioning bicuspid aortic valves","volume":"82","author":"Nistri","year":"1999","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.03.027","article-title":"Aortopathy is prevalent in relatives of bicuspid aortic valve patients","volume":"53","author":"Biner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.12.060","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II mutation in a patient with bicuspid aortic valve disease and intraoperative aortic dissection","volume":"91","author":"Girdauskas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib31","first-page":"653","article-title":"Increased risk of late aortic events after isolated aortic valve replacement in patients with bicuspid aortic valve insufficiency versus stenosis","volume":"54","author":"Girdauskas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.795401","article-title":"Ascending aortic dilatation associated with bicuspid aortic valve. Pathophysiology, molecular biology, and clinical implications","volume":"119","author":"Tadros","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000034","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.112.000034","article-title":"Impaired collagen biosynthesis and cross-linking in aorta of patients with bicuspid aortic valve","volume":"2","author":"W\u00e5gs\u00e4ter","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M112.021873","article-title":"A combined proteomic and transcriptomic approach shows diverging molecular mechanisms in thoracic aortic aneurysm development in patients with tricuspid- and bicuspid aortic valve","volume":"12","author":"Kjellqvist","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Cell Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.972406","article-title":"Comparison of the structure of the aortic valve and ascending aorta in adults having aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis versus for pure aortic regurgitation and resection of the ascending aorta for aneurysm","volume":"123","author":"Roberts","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivt406","article-title":"Comparison of aortic media changes in patients with bicuspid aortic valve stenosis vs bicuspid valve insufficiency and proximal aortic aneurysm","volume":"17","author":"Girdauskas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezt123","article-title":"Is there any difference in aortic wall quality between patients with aortic stenosis and those with regurgitation?","volume":"44","author":"Benedik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2011.05.064","article-title":"The elusive link between aortic wall histology and echocardiographic anatomy in bicuspid aortic valve: Implications for prophylactic surgery","volume":"41","author":"Leone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)00181-4","article-title":"Aortic media in bicuspid valve disease","volume":"76","author":"Robicsek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043067914000057?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1043067914000057?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T00:28:52Z","timestamp":1565137732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1043067914000057"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}},"alternative-id":["S1043067914000057"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2014.01.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1043-0679"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1043-0679","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}