{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:38:12Z","timestamp":1787067492039,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]],"date-time":"2014-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401580800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["companimalmed.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Topics in Companion Animal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,12]],"date-time":"2014-02-12T15:00:36Z","timestamp":1392217236000},"page":"43-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Introduction to Myofascial Trigger Points in Dogs"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Rick","family":"Wall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib1","series-title":"Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual. Volume 1. Upper Half of Body","author":"Simons","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib2","series-title":"Myofascial Trigger Points\u2014Pathophysiology and Evidence-Informed Diagnosis and Management","author":"Dommerholt","year":"2010"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib3","first-page":"65","article-title":"Microscopic features of transient contraction of palpable bands in canine muscle","volume":"55","author":"Simons","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Physical Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(96)03248-4","article-title":"Interrater reliability in myofascial trigger point examination","volume":"69","author":"Gerwin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib5","series-title":"Muscle Pain: Diagnosis and Treatment","author":"Mense","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2010.05.006","article-title":"Muscle activation patterns in the scapular positioning muscles during loaded scapular plane elevation: the effects of latent myofascial trigger points","volume":"8","author":"Lucas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Biomech"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2003.09.018","article-title":"Review of enigmatic MTrPs as a common cause of enigmatic musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction","volume":"14","author":"Simons","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-012-0289-4","article-title":"Etiology of myofascial trigger points","volume":"16","author":"Bron","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.3109\/10582452.2010.502636","article-title":"Myofascial pain syndrome: here we are, where we must go?","volume":"18","author":"Gerwin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib10","first-page":"106","article-title":"Myofascial trigger points, a possible explanation","volume":"10","author":"Simons","year":"1981","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-004-0069-x","article-title":"An expansion of Simon\u2019s integrated hypothesis for trigger point formation","volume":"8","author":"Gerwin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1300\/J094v10n01_13","article-title":"Myofascial and visceral pain syndromes: visceral-somatic pain representations","volume":"10","author":"Gerwin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.10241","article-title":"Efficacy of low level laser therapy in myofascial pain syndrome: an algometric and thermographic evaluation","volume":"33","author":"Hakguder","year":"2003","journal-title":"Laser Surg Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20082","article-title":"Efficacy of 904nm gallium arsenide low-level laser therapy in the management of pain in the neck: a double-blind and randomized-controlled trial","volume":"35","author":"Gur","year":"2004","journal-title":"Laser Surg Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2004.22.306","article-title":"Comparison of laser, dry needling, and placebo laser treatments in myofascial pain syndrome","volume":"22","author":"Ilbuldu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Photomed Laser Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-003-0396-y","article-title":"Investigation of the effect of GaAs laser therapy on cervical myofascial pain syndrome","volume":"25","author":"Altan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-006-0438-4","article-title":"The effect of gallium arsenide aluminum laser therapy in the management of cervical myofascial pain syndrome: a double blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"26","author":"Dundar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(03)00088-3","article-title":"Muscle disorder and rehabilitation in canine athletes","volume":"32","author":"Steiss","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.229.11.1756","article-title":"Effect of caloric restriction and moderate or intense physiotherapy program for treatment of lameness in overweight dogs with osteoarthritis","volume":"229","author":"Mlacnik","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ctsap.2007.09.004","article-title":"Select modalities","volume":"22","author":"Canapp","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Tech Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.34834","article-title":"Immediate effects of various physical therapeutic modalities on cervical myofascial pain and trigger-point sensitivity","volume":"83","author":"Hou","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib22","first-page":"155","article-title":"A randomized controlled (intervention) trial of ischemic compression therapy for chronic carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"54","author":"Hains","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Can Chiropr Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib23","first-page":"155","article-title":"Chronic shoulder pain of myofascial origin: a randomized clinical trial using ischemic compression therapy","volume":"54","author":"Hains","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-2010-0255","article-title":"Changes in a patient with neck pain after application of ischemic compression as a trigger point therapy","volume":"23","author":"Montanez-Aguilera","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib25","series-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Tension Type and Cervicogenic Headache","first-page":"247","article-title":"Neurophysiological effects of trigger point needling therapies","author":"Dommerholt","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2010.09.002","article-title":"Effects of treatment of peripheral pain generators in fibromyalgia patients","volume":"15","author":"Affaitai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib27","first-page":"106","article-title":"Short-term effects of dry needling of active myofascial trigger points in the masseter muscle in patients with temporomandibular disorders","volume":"24","author":"Fernandez-Carnero","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Orofac Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31804a554d","article-title":"Dry needling to a key myofascial trigger point may reduce the irritability of satellite MTrPs","volume":"86","author":"Hsieh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(79)90142-8","article-title":"The needle effect in the relief of myofascial pain","volume":"6","author":"Lewit","year":"1979","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1179\/106698111X13129729552065","article-title":"Dry needling\u2014peripheral and central considerations","volume":"19","author":"Dommerholt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Man Manip Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001_bib31","series-title":"Miller\u2019s Anatomy of the Dog","author":"Evans","year":"2013"}],"container-title":["Topics in Companion Animal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1938973614000026?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1938973614000026?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,6]],"date-time":"2018-10-06T14:21:38Z","timestamp":1538835698000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1938973614000026"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1938973614000026"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-9736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-9736","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Introduction to Myofascial Trigger Points in Dogs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Topics in Companion Animal Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.11.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}