{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:28:26Z","timestamp":1780482506840,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["companimalmed.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Topics in Companion Animal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,7]],"date-time":"2015-06-07T01:12:47Z","timestamp":1433639567000},"page":"148-157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Melanocytic Ophthalmic Neoplasms of the Domestic Veterinary Species: A Review"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Annie L.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(90)50064-9","article-title":"Ocular neoplasia in small animals","volume":"20","author":"Dubielzig","year":"1990","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0739(17)30444-3","article-title":"Ocular neoplasia","volume":"8","author":"Dugan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1986.189.10.1355","article-title":"Prevalence and treatment of palpebral neoplasms in the dog: 200 cases (1975-1983)","volume":"189","author":"Roberts","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2008.00657.x","article-title":"A case of conjunctival melanoma in a cat","volume":"11","author":"Payen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2006.00448.x","article-title":"Canine limbal melanoma: 30 cases (1992-2004). Part 1. Signalment, clinical and histological features and pedigree analysis","volume":"9","author":"Donaldson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib6","first-page":"459","article-title":"Diagnostic ophthalmology. Nodular iris melanoma of the right eye","volume":"46","author":"Grahn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib7","first-page":"149","article-title":"Bilateral ciliary body melanomas in a dog","volume":"3","author":"Roperto","year":"1993","journal-title":"Prog Vet Comp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588502200612","article-title":"Choroidal melanomas in dogs","volume":"22","author":"Dubielzig","year":"1985","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib9","first-page":"225","article-title":"Primary orbital melanoma without ocular involvement in a Balinese cat","volume":"47","author":"de Lorimier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/laban0503-23","article-title":"Nodular lesion on the eyelid of a dwarf rabbit. Malignant melanoma","volume":"32","author":"Stanley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lab Anim (NY)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2010.00871.x","article-title":"Intraocular signet-ring cell melanoma in a hamster (Cricetulus griseus)","volume":"15","author":"Lima","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib12","first-page":"44","article-title":"Ocular melanoma in a Long Evans rat","volume":"43","author":"Manning","year":"2004","journal-title":"Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1995.206.10.1580","article-title":"Uveal malignant melanoma in a duck","volume":"206","author":"Gilger","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2010.00804.x","article-title":"Iridociliary melanoma with secondary lens luxation: distinctive findings in a long-horned cowfish (Lactoria cornuta)","volume":"13","author":"da Silva","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(89)90082-0","article-title":"Congenital intraocular melanoma in a calf","volume":"101","author":"Schuh","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0368-1742(61)80023-4","article-title":"A malignant intraocular melanotic tumour in a goat","volume":"71","author":"Omar","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870902100132","article-title":"Osteogenic intraocular melanoma in an alpaca (Vicugna pacos)","volume":"21","author":"Hill","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-37.4.816","article-title":"Malignant melanoma of the palpebral conjunctiva in a captive fallow deer","volume":"37","author":"Sakai","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.173","article-title":"Choroidal melanoma occurring in a nonhuman primate","volume":"127","author":"Albert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.5858\/2009-0441-RAR.1","article-title":"Ocular melanoma","volume":"134","author":"Laver","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.44-4-449","article-title":"Expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 in oral and ocular canine melanocytic tumors","volume":"44","author":"Shimoyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588802500201","article-title":"Feline melanoma: a comparative study of ocular, oral, and dermal neoplasms","volume":"25","author":"Patnaik","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2004.11.005","article-title":"Standardised B-scan and A-scan echographic evaluation of spontaneous anterior uveal melanomas in the dog","volume":"171","author":"Baptista","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib24","series-title":"Veterinary Ophthalmology","first-page":"355","article-title":"Fundamentals of Veterinary Ophthalmic Pathology","author":"Grahn","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.67.179","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of a canine eye with melanoma","volume":"67","author":"Kato","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.1999.00085.x","article-title":"Treatment of presumed iris melanoma in dogs by diode laser photocoagulation: 23 cases","volume":"2","author":"Cook","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.2001.00130.x","article-title":"Suspected latent vertebral metastasis of uveal melanoma in a dog: a case report","volume":"4","author":"Rovesti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1993.203.01.89","article-title":"Choroidal melanoma in a dog","volume":"203","author":"Schoster","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib29","first-page":"85","article-title":"Feline ocular melanomas","volume":"12","author":"Peruccio","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Companion Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1992.201.07.1083","article-title":"Orbital neoplasms in cats: 21 cases (1974-1990)","volume":"201","author":"Gilger","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2011.0287","article-title":"Circulating serologic and molecular biomarkers in malignant melanoma","volume":"86","author":"Palmer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.40-6-713","article-title":"Comparison of tyrosinase-related protein-2, S-100, and Melan A immunoreactivity in canine amelanotic melanomas","volume":"40","author":"Choi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.39-1-127","article-title":"Melan A and S100 protein immunohistochemistry in feline melanomas: 48 cases","volume":"39","author":"Ramos-Vara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589403100408","article-title":"Immunohistochemical detection of melanoma-associated antigens on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded canine tumors","volume":"31","author":"Berrington","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588602300411","article-title":"Morphology and behavior of primary ocular melanomas in 91 dogs","volume":"23","author":"Wilcock","year":"1986","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.1999.00080.x","article-title":"A matched observational study of canine survival with primary intraocular melanocytic neoplasia","volume":"2","author":"Giuliano","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib37","series-title":"Veterinary Ocular Pathology: A Comparative Review","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-2797-0.00007-2","article-title":"Diseases of the Eyelids and Conjunctiva","author":"Dubielzig","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib38","first-page":"63","article-title":"Eyelid neoplasms in cats: a review of demographic data (1979 to 1989)","volume":"29","author":"McLaughlin","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.08-VP-0205-N-FL","article-title":"A retrospective study of eyelid tumors from 43 cats","volume":"46","author":"Newkirk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2000.130108.x","article-title":"The study of cutaneous melanomas in Camargue-type gray-skinned horses (1): clinical-pathological characterization","volume":"13","author":"Fleury","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2010.tb05629.x","article-title":"Equine periocular neoplasia: current concepts in aetiopathogenesis and emerging treatment modalities","volume":"37","author":"Giuliano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Equine Vet J Suppl"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib42","first-page":"429","article-title":"Equine eyelid melanoma treated with surgical resection and local photodynamic therapy","volume":"8","author":"Giuliano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.196.03.449","article-title":"Cimetidine for treatment of melanomas in three horses","volume":"196","author":"Goetz","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12062","article-title":"Canine ocular neoplasia: a review","volume":"16","author":"Labelle","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib45","first-page":"135","article-title":"Biologic behavior and histologic characteristics of canine conjunctival melanoma","volume":"3","author":"Collins","year":"1993","journal-title":"Prog Vet Comp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib46","unstructured":"Reilly CR, Dubielzig RR, Newman SJ, Bergman PJ: Features of canine Conjunctival Melanocytic Tumors. In: Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists; Nashville, TN; 2005 Oct 12\u201315"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2009.00758.x","article-title":"Feline conjunctival melanoma: histopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes","volume":"13","author":"Schobert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(98)80064-9","article-title":"Malignant melanoma of the nictitating membrane in a cat (Felis vulgaris)","volume":"119","author":"Roels","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1985.186.05.505","article-title":"Malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva in a cat","volume":"186","author":"Cook","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.2000.00136.x","article-title":"Conjunctival malignant melanoma in a horse","volume":"3","author":"Moore","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1984.184.01.60","article-title":"Clinical and pathologic features of canine ocular melanomas","volume":"184","author":"Ryan","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588302000401","article-title":"Primary ocular melanoma in dogs","volume":"20","author":"Diters","year":"1983","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib53","first-page":"279","article-title":"Limbal melanocytoma of the left eye","volume":"46","author":"Grahn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1996.208.06.891","article-title":"Photocoagulation of limbal melanoma in dogs and cats: 15 cases (1989-1993)","volume":"208","author":"Sullivan","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-29-337-1","article-title":"Some applications of radioactive isotopes in ophthalmology","volume":"29","author":"Lederman","year":"1956","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2009.00736.x","article-title":"Efficacy of lamellar resection, cryotherapy, and adjunctive grafting for the treatment of canine limbal melanoma","volume":"12","author":"Featherstone","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1991.198.06.1019","article-title":"Treatment of epibulbar melanocytoma in a dog, using full-thickness eyewall resection and synthetic graft","volume":"198","author":"Wilkie","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2008.00645.x","article-title":"Penetrating keratoscleroplasty and bimodal grafting for treatment of limbal melanocytoma in a dog","volume":"11","author":"Norman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2012.01021.x","article-title":"Surgical treatment of epibulbar melanocytomas by complete excision and homologous corneoscleral grafting in dogs: 11 cases","volume":"16","author":"Maggio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2008.00633.x","article-title":"Use of a biosynthetic material to repair the surgical defect following excision of an epibulbar melanoma in a cat","volume":"11","author":"Plummer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1999.tb02198.x","article-title":"Atypical limbal melanoma in a cat","volume":"13","author":"Betton","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2006.00452.x","article-title":"Excision of a feline limbal melanoma and use of nictitans cartilage to repair the resulting corneoscleral defect","volume":"9","author":"Kanai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2008.00637.x","article-title":"Epibulbar melanoma in a foal","volume":"11","author":"McMullen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.4142\/jvs.2006.7.1.89","article-title":"Malignant ocular melanoma in a dog","volume":"7","author":"Yi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Vet Sci"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2007.00558.x","article-title":"Ocular melanosis in the Cairn Terrier: clinical description and investigation of mode of inheritance","volume":"10","author":"Petersen-Jones","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12009","article-title":"An unusual case of ocular melanosis and limbal melanocytoma with benign intraorbital extension in a dog","volume":"16","author":"Dees","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib67","first-page":"748","article-title":"Unusual presentation of an anterior uveal melanocytoma in a 3-year-old poodle","volume":"48","author":"Martens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib68","first-page":"723","article-title":"Diagnostic ophthalmology. extrascleral extension of an uveal melanoma","volume":"49","author":"Grahn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588902600613","article-title":"Malignant canine anterior uveal melanoma","volume":"26","author":"Friedman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2007.00540.x","article-title":"Suspected uveal metastasis of a nail bed melanoma in a dog","volume":"10","author":"Esson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2009.00721.x","article-title":"Presumed primary uveal melanoma with brain extension in a dog","volume":"50","author":"Galan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib72","series-title":"Veterinary Ocular Pathology: A Comparative Review","first-page":"245","article-title":"The Uvea","author":"Dubielzig","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.1998.00006.x","article-title":"A matched observational study of survival in cats with enucleation due to diffuse iris melanoma","volume":"1","author":"Kalishman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2010.00839.x","article-title":"Unusual presentation of a metastatic uveal melanoma in a cat","volume":"13","author":"Planellas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib75","first-page":"619","article-title":"Feline uveal melanomas induced with feline sarcoma virus: potential model of the human counterpart","volume":"67","author":"Shadduck","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib76","first-page":"606","article-title":"Feline uveal melanoma model induced with feline sarcoma virus","volume":"20","author":"Albert","year":"1981","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.1999.00066.x","article-title":"Use of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of retroviruses from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded uveal melanomas in cats","volume":"2","author":"Stiles","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870201400414","article-title":"Lack of detection of feline leukemia and feline sarcoma viruses in diffuse iris melanomas of cats by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction","volume":"14","author":"Cullen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.1999.00060.x","article-title":"Atypical primary ocular melanoma in cats","volume":"2","author":"Harris","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib80","unstructured":"Labelle AL, Hamor RE, Labelle P, McMullen RJJr, Wiggans KT, Gemensky-Metzler AJ: Equine Intraocular Melanocytic Neoplasia (EIMN): 52 Cases. In: Proceedings of the International Equine Ophthalmology Consortium\/Acrivet Equine Ophthalmology Symposium; Stirling, Scotland; 2012, Jun 11\u201312"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1987.tb01434.x","article-title":"Bilateral melanoma of the iris in a horse","volume":"19","author":"Matthews","year":"1987","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1991.199.08.1049","article-title":"Anterior uveal melanoma, with secondary keratitis, cataract, and glaucoma, in a horse","volume":"199","author":"Davidson","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.1999.00075.x","article-title":"Intraocular melanoma in an alpaca","volume":"2","author":"Hamor","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199304000-00011","article-title":"Osteogenic melanoma. A rare variant of malignant melanoma","volume":"17","author":"Lucas","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.2004.00651.x","article-title":"An osteoid variant of cutaneous melanoma in a dog detected by S100 and melan a markers","volume":"51","author":"Maliver","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.36-1-74","article-title":"Oral malignant melanoma with osteoid formation in a dog","volume":"36","author":"Chenier","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-200010030-00001","article-title":"Animal models of uveal melanoma","volume":"10","author":"Dithmar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.67.821","article-title":"Choroidal melanoma in a dog","volume":"67","author":"Miwa","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib89","first-page":"85","article-title":"Choroidal melanoma in the right eye with focal retinal detachment","volume":"47","author":"Lim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib90","first-page":"211","article-title":"Choroidal melanoma in a dog","volume":"83","author":"Morgan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cornell Vet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-5224.2002.00227.x","article-title":"Canine choroidal melanoma with metastases","volume":"5","author":"Hyman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2010.00860.x","article-title":"Choroidal melanocytoma in a cat","volume":"14","author":"Semin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2000.tb03175.x","article-title":"Diagnosis, treatment and outcome of orbital neoplasia in dogs: a retrospective study of 44 cases","volume":"41","author":"Hendrix","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib94","first-page":"1284","article-title":"Long-term survival of dogs with advanced malignant melanoma after DNA vaccination with xenogeneic human tyrosinase: a phase I trial","volume":"9","author":"Bergman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001_bib95","first-page":"6","article-title":"Vaccination with human tyrosinase DNA induces antibody responses in dogs with advanced melanoma","volume":"21","author":"Liao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Immun"}],"container-title":["Topics in Companion Animal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1938973615000446?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1938973615000446?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T11:57:06Z","timestamp":1748433426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1938973615000446"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1938973615000446"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-9736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-9736","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Melanocytic Ophthalmic Neoplasms of the Domestic Veterinary Species: A Review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Topics in Companion Animal Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.06.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}