{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T14:54:49Z","timestamp":1789743289151,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]],"date-time":"2017-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["companimalmed.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Topics in Companion Animal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,26]],"date-time":"2017-12-26T18:10:12Z","timestamp":1514311812000},"page":"121-125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Seroprevalence of Leptospirosis in Working Dogs"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"S.F.","family":"Lau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.Y.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.H.","family":"Khor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.A.","family":"Roslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.S.","family":"Abdul Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.K.","family":"Bejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Radzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.R.","family":"Bahaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.221.352","article-title":"The modern working dog\u2014a call for interdisciplinary collaboration","volume":"221","author":"Olson","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004668","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004668","article-title":"Underestimation of leptospirosis incidence in the French West Indies","volume":"10","author":"Cassadou","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004513","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004513","article-title":"A diagnostic scoring model for leptospirosis in resource limited settings","volume":"10","author":"Rajapakse","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2006.tb02886.x","article-title":"Influence of infecting serogroup on clinical features of leptospirosis in dogs","volume":"20","author":"Goldstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2010.07.008","article-title":"Canine leptospirosis","volume":"40","author":"Goldstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.03.012","article-title":"Leptospira and leptospirosis","volume":"140","author":"Adler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2015.06.074","article-title":"In-situ and remote sensing networks for environmental monitoring and global assessment of leptospirosis outbreaks","volume":"107","author":"Skouloudis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib8","first-page":"469","article-title":"Prevalence of leptospirosis in healthy dogs and dogs with kidney disease in Klang Valley, Malaysia","volume":"33","author":"Lau","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(28)90019-X","article-title":"Recent work on leptospirosis, tsutsugamushi disease and tropical typhus in the Federated Malay States","volume":"21","author":"Fletcher","year":"1928","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00362799","article-title":"A review of leptospirosis in Malaysia","volume":"12","author":"Bahaman","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vet Res Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib11","first-page":"276","article-title":"Seroprevalence and molecular detection of leptospirosis from a dog shelter","volume":"33","author":"Khor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib12","first-page":"75","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of canine leptospirosis in Ahvaz, Iran","volume":"2","author":"Avizeh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Vet Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib13","first-page":"183","article-title":"Serological survey of canine leptospirosis in Croatia\u2014the changing epizootiology of the disease","volume":"82","author":"Majeti\u0107","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Arhiv"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib14","first-page":"167","article-title":"Increase in seroprevalence of canine leptospirosis and its risk factors, Ontario 1998-2006","volume":"73","author":"Alton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.c4965","article-title":"Control of canine leptospirosis in Europe: time for a change?","volume":"167","author":"Ellis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2012.1121","article-title":"Distribution of Leptospira serogroups in dogs from Berlin, Germany","volume":"13","author":"Mayer-Scholl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268812002087","article-title":"Emergence of novel Leptospira serovars: a need for adjusting vaccination policies for dogs?","volume":"141","author":"Arent","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(02)00183-6","article-title":"Seasonality of canine leptospirosis in the United States and Canada and its association with rainfall","volume":"56","author":"Ward","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2011.05.010","article-title":"Evaluations of land cover risk factors for canine leptospirosis: 94 cases (2002-2009)","volume":"101","author":"Raghavan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.01.015","article-title":"Rapid test for the serodiagnosis of acute canine leptospirosis","volume":"150","author":"Abdoel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2013.09.012","article-title":"Rapid tests for diagnosis of leptospirosis: current tools and emerging technologies","volume":"78","author":"Picardeau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2013.926-930","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of canine leptospirosis by iELISA and MAT","volume":"6","author":"Kumar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet World"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2002.tb00048.x","article-title":"Serological survey of leptospiral infection in kennelled dogs in Italy","volume":"43","author":"Scanziani","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib24","first-page":"148","article-title":"Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with leptospirosis in dogs","volume":"37","author":"Meeyam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.237.3.293","article-title":"Detection of antibodies against Leptospira serovars via microscopic agglutination tests in dogs in the United States, 2000\u20132007","volume":"237","author":"Gautam","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12337","article-title":"Vaccine\u2010associated leptospira antibodies in client\u2010owned dogs","volume":"28","author":"Martin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.0704.x","article-title":"Variability in results of the microscopic agglutination test in dogs with clinical leptospirosis and dogs vaccinated against leptospirosis","volume":"25","author":"Miller","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib28","first-page":"305","article-title":"One-year duration of immunity in dogs for Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae after vaccination","volume":"10","author":"Schreiber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intern J Appl Res Vet Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.00852.x","article-title":"Effects of recent Leptospira vaccination on whole blood real\u2010time PCR testing in healthy client\u2010owned dogs","volume":"26","author":"Midence","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.230.11.1657","article-title":"Prevalence of serum antibodies against six Leptospira serovars in healthy dogs","volume":"230","author":"Stokes","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1-1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.1981.34779","article-title":"Experimental infection of sheep and cattle with Leptospira interrogans serovar balcanica","volume":"29","author":"Mackintosh","year":"1981","journal-title":"N Z Vet J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(00)00129-8","article-title":"Evidence of cross-protection within Leptospira interrogans in an experimental model","volume":"19","author":"Sonrier","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(03)00152-4","article-title":"Duration of immunity in dogs vaccinated against leptospirosis with a bivalent inactivated vaccine","volume":"95","author":"Klaasen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2005.03.007","article-title":"Prevention of renal infection and urinary shedding in dogs by a Leptospira vaccination","volume":"108","author":"Schreiber","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib35","first-page":"111","article-title":"Comparison of rapid-slide versus microscopic agglutination tests for equine leptospirosis","volume":"16","author":"Hamond","year":"2012","journal-title":"Online J Vet Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.222.1224","article-title":"Clinical application of a polymerase chain reaction assay for diagnosis of leptospirosis in dogs","volume":"222","author":"Harkin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0654.x","article-title":"2010 ACVIM small animal consensus statement on leptospirosis: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment, and prevention","volume":"25","author":"Sykes","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2001.tb01264.x","article-title":"Serological analysis of human leptospirosis in the Philippines","volume":"45","author":"Masuzawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib39","first-page":"679","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar javanica infection among dairy cattle, rats and humans in the cauvery river valley of southern India","volume":"42","author":"Natarajaseenivasan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-199910000-00009","article-title":"Tubulointerstitial renal failure in childhood leptospirosis","volume":"15","author":"Vachvanichsanong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198402233100805","article-title":"An efficacy trial of doxycycline chemoprophylaxis against leptospirosis","volume":"310","author":"Takafuji","year":"1984","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Topics in Companion Animal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1938973617301034?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1938973617301034?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]],"date-time":"2022-08-11T07:45:34Z","timestamp":1660203934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1938973617301034"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1938973617301034"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-9736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-9736","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Seroprevalence of Leptospirosis in Working Dogs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Topics in Companion Animal Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.tcam.2017.12.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}