{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:35:57Z","timestamp":1792121757954,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,1]],"date-time":"2012-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,1]],"date-time":"2012-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","techvir.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,26]],"date-time":"2012-05-26T10:49:11Z","timestamp":1338029351000},"page":"101-112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Means to Study Chronic Cerebral Spinal Venous Insufficiency in Multiple Sclerosis Patients"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Utriainen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saba","family":"Elias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahid","family":"Latif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hubbard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewart Mark","family":"Haacke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.157164","article-title":"Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"80","author":"Zamboni","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2008.11.027","article-title":"The value of cerebral Doppler venous haemodynamics in the assessment of multiple sclerosis","volume":"282","author":"Zamboni","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.231613","article-title":"The perfect crime?","volume":"82","author":"Mayer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.228098","article-title":"Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency and multiple sclerosis: Science or science fiction?","volume":"82","author":"Khan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22436","article-title":"Proposed chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency criteria do not predict multiple sclerosis risk or severity","volume":"70","author":"Centonze","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1937.02780180001001","article-title":"Lesions of \u201cencephalomyelitis\u201d and multiple sclerosis","volume":"108","author":"Putnam","year":"1937","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.10.174","article-title":"Chronic cerebral spinal venous insufficiency in multiple sclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Haacke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib8","first-page":"183","article-title":"Hemodynamic patterns of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in multiple sclerosis","volume":"29","author":"Bartolomei","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib9","first-page":"158","article-title":"Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency and iron deposition on susceptibility-weighted imaging in patients with multiple sclerosis: A pilot case-control study","volume":"29","author":"Zivadinov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22132","article-title":"Venous and cerebrospinal fluid flow in multiple sclerosis: A case-control study","volume":"68","author":"Sundstr\u00f6m","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10101387","article-title":"Use of MR venography for characterization of the extracranial venous system in patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy control subjects","volume":"258","author":"Zivadinov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.223479","article-title":"No association of abnormal cranial venous drainage with multiple sclerosis: A magnetic resonance venography and flow-quantification study","volume":"82","author":"Wattjes","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2386","article-title":"Value of MR venography for detection of internal jugular vein anomalies in multiple sclerosis: A pilot longitudinal study","volume":"32","author":"Zivadinov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib14","first-page":"127","article-title":"Use of neck magnetic resonance venography, Doppler sonography and selective venography for diagnosis of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency: A pilot study in multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls","volume":"29","author":"Hojnacki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2549","article-title":"Comparison of MR and contrast venography of the cervical venous system in multiple sclerosis","volume":"32","author":"Zaharchuk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2011.03.007","article-title":"Development of a research agenda for evaluation of interventional therapies for chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency: Proceedings from a multidisciplinary research consensus panel","volume":"22","author":"Siskin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2011.03.035","article-title":"Venous angioplasty in patients with multiple sclerosis: Results of a pilot study","volume":"43","author":"Zamboni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444","article-title":"Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: An expanded disability status scale (EDSS)","volume":"33","author":"Kurtzke","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22366","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria","volume":"69","author":"Polman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511415305","article-title":"Focal multiple sclerosis lesions abound in \u201cnormal appearing white matter\u201d","volume":"17","author":"Mistry","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2004.10.001","article-title":"Imaging iron stores in the brain using magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"23","author":"Haacke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1461","article-title":"Susceptibility-weighted imaging: Technical aspects and clinical applications, part 2","volume":"30","author":"Mittal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1400","article-title":"Susceptibility-weighted imaging: Technical aspects and clinical applications, part 1","volume":"30","author":"Haacke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21676","article-title":"Characterizing iron deposition in multiple sclerosis lesions using susceptibility weighted imaging","volume":"29","author":"Haacke","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22987","article-title":"Establishing a baseline phase behavior in magnetic resonance imaging to determine normal vs. abnormal iron content in the brain","volume":"26","author":"Haacke","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1987.tb00177.x","article-title":"Periventricular lesions in multiple sclerosis: Their perivenous origin and relationship to granular ependymitis","volume":"13","author":"Adams","year":"1987","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.2.260","article-title":"Perivascular iron deposition and other vascular damage in multiple sclerosis","volume":"51","author":"Adams","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680609901122","article-title":"The big idea: Iron-dependent inflammation in venous disease and proposed parallels in multiple sclerosis","volume":"99","author":"Zamboni","year":"2006","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2009.180","article-title":"Anomalous venous blood flow and iron deposition in multiple sclerosis","volume":"29","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2340","article-title":"Identification and clinical impact of multiple sclerosis cortical lesions as assessed by routine 3T MR imaging","volume":"32","author":"Mike","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2005.tb00282.x","article-title":"Reproducibility and accuracy of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging techniques of whole-brain atrophy measurement in multiple sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"Zivadinov","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2011.09.027","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis patients with structural venous abnormalities as seen using magnetic resonance imaging exhibit an abnormal flow distribution of the internal jugular veins","volume":"23","author":"Haacke","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-200107000-00003","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and relation with blood flow: A magnetic resonance study with semiautomated cerebrospinal fluid segmentation","volume":"36","author":"Bal\u00e9dent","year":"2001","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600462","article-title":"Aging effects on cerebral blood and cerebrospinal fluid flows","volume":"27","author":"Stoquart-Elsankari","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib35","first-page":"133","article-title":"The severity of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis is related to altered cerebrospinal fluid dynamics","volume":"24","author":"Zamboni","year":"2009","journal-title":"Funct Neurol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib36","first-page":"140","article-title":"CSF dynamics and brain volume in multiple sclerosis are associated with extracranial venous flow anomalies: A pilot study","volume":"29","author":"Zamboni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80101-4","article-title":"Non-invasive measurement of azygos venous blood flow using magnetic resonance","volume":"22","author":"Lomas","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib38","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Azygos blood flow: Phase contrast quantitation in volunteers and patients with portal hypertension pre- and postintrahepatic shunt placement","volume":"24","author":"Debatin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R197","DOI":"10.1186\/cc8200","article-title":"Estimation of the diameter and cross-sectional area of the internal jugular veins in adult patients","volume":"13","author":"Tarti\u00e8re","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.4323\/rjlm.2010.125","article-title":"The diameter of the internal jugular vein studied by autopsy","volume":"18","author":"Furukawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rom J Leg Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib41","first-page":"149","article-title":"Iron stores and cerebral veins in MS studied by susceptibility weighted imaging","volume":"29","author":"Haacke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1340.039","article-title":"Applications of diffusion tensor MR imaging in multiple sclerosis","volume":"1064","author":"Ge","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.112177","article-title":"Use of combined conventional and quantitative MRI to quantify pathology related to cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis","volume":"79","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2313030996","article-title":"Microvascular abnormality in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Perfusion MR imaging findings in normal-appearing white matter","volume":"231","author":"Law","year":"2004","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.02.011","article-title":"Cerebral blood perfusion changes in multiple sclerosis","volume":"259","author":"Wuerfel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.070409","article-title":"Human cerebral venous outflow pathway depends on posture and central venous pressure","volume":"560","author":"Gisolf","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib47","first-page":"1","article-title":"The possible role of cranio-cervical trauma and abnormal CSF hydrodynamics in the genesis of multiple sclerosis","volume":"41","author":"Damadian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003_bib48","first-page":"579","article-title":"Assessment of the cerebral venous system from the transcondylar ultrasound window using virtual navigator technology and MRI","volume":"2011","author":"Lagan\u00e0","year":"2011","journal-title":"Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc"}],"container-title":["Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1089251612000224?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1089251612000224?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T17:52:33Z","timestamp":1761069153000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1089251612000224"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1089251612000224"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1089-2516"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1089-2516","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Means to Study Chronic Cerebral Spinal Venous Insufficiency in Multiple Sclerosis Patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.tvir.2012.02.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}