{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:40:58Z","timestamp":1791351658496,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]],"date-time":"2000-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":959817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,30]],"date-time":"2003-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1307,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture of Japan"},{"name":"Research on Intractable Disease from the Ministry of Public Welfare of Japan"},{"name":"Clinical Research Foundation; and National Institutes of Health","award":["DK39588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK39588"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>The human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide (GDLLAEIETDKATI) is an immunodominant autoreactive T-cell epitope in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), restricted by HLA DRB4*0101. We have previously reported that the ExDK sequence is essential for recognition of this epitope and identified 1 mimicry peptide, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> PDC-E2 peptide (EQSLITVEGDKASM), which can activate human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide-reactive T-cell clones. In the present study, to further investigate mimicry peptides possibly involved in PBC, we generated 13 different T-cell clones reactive to the human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide following repeated <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic> stimulation of peripheral T lymphocytes with the human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide (native peptide) and tested for the reactivity of these T-cell clones to 30 different mimicry peptides derived from various self- and nonself proteins that have an ExDK-sequence. We found 7 mimicry peptides derived from microbial proteins that can activate at least 1 of these T-cell clones; 7 of 7 T-cell clones from patients with PBC and 2 of 6 T-cell clones from healthy subjects were activated by at least 1 to 6 different mimicry peptides. Two of 6 T-cell clones from healthy subjects were activated by specific mimicry peptides more strongly than by the native peptide, and 2 of 6 T-cell clones from healthy subjects were not activated by any mimicry peptides tested. Thus, the pattern and degree of activation by mimicry peptides differed in each T-cell clone, indicating the presence of a diverse spectrum of autoreactive T cells that are reactive to a single minimal epitope of the human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.8090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,19]],"date-time":"2004-03-19T18:37:43Z","timestamp":1079721463000},"page":"1212-1216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Mimicry peptides of human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide, the immunodominant T-cell epitope of primary biliary cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Shinji","family":"Shimoda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirohisa","family":"Shigematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hironori","family":"Tanimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihumi","family":"Gushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric M.","family":"Gershwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiromi","family":"Ishibashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.8090-BIB1|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2414848","article-title":"Amino acid homology between the encephalitogenic site of myelin basic protein and virus: mechanism for autoimmunity","volume":"230","author":"Fujinami","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.8090-BIB2|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90507-1","article-title":"Molecular mimicry and autoimmune disease","volume":"50","author":"Oldstone","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.8090-BIB3|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90348-8","article-title":"Molecular mimicry in T cell-mediated autoimmunity: viral peptides activate human T cell clones specific for myelin basic protein. 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