{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T13:56:11Z","timestamp":1791122171458,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]],"date-time":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009843200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,30]],"date-time":"2003-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":728,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Cholestatic liver injury is associated with an increased susceptibility toward endotoxin-induced toxicity. To determine the role of interleukin 1 (IL-1) herein, extrahepatic cholestasis was induced by bile duct ligation (bdl) in IL-1 receptor type I gene-deficient (IL-1R<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>) mice, which are unresponsive to IL-1\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2, and normal IL-1R<jats:sup>+\/+<\/jats:sup> mice. Bdl elicited increases in hepatic IL-1\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein. Hepatocellular injury at 2 weeks after bdl was similar in IL-1R<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> and IL-1R<jats:sup>+\/+<\/jats:sup> mice as shown by clinical chemistry and histopathology. Administration of endotoxin to cholestatic mice at 2 weeks after bdl was associated with enhanced cytokine release, more severe liver damage, and occurrence of death when compared with sham-operated mice. Endotoxin effects in sham-operated IL-1R<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> and IL-1R<jats:sup>+\/+<\/jats:sup> mice were largely similar, but cholestatic IL-1R<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice were better protected against toxic effects of endotoxin, as reflected by lowered cytokine release, less profound liver injury, and reduced mortality. These data indicate that IL-1\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2 are produced in the liver after bdl, but that these cytokines do not play a significant role in cholestatic liver damage; however, endogenous IL-1 activity is an important denominator of enhanced endotoxin sensitivity that is observed during cholestasis induced by bdl.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.30272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T03:46:10Z","timestamp":1030247170000},"page":"149-158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Interleukin-1 receptor type I gene-deficient bile duct-ligated mice are partially protected against endotoxin"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Miguel E.","family":"Sewnath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Van Der Poll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiebo J. W.","family":"Ten Kate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelis J. F.","family":"Van Noorden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk J.","family":"Gouma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.30272-BIB1|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800710326","article-title":"Surgical experience of deeply jaundiced patients with bile duct obstruction","volume":"71","author":"Armstrong","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.30272-BIB2|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199807000-00013","article-title":"Factors predictive of survival in ampullary carcinoma","volume":"228","author":"Howe","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann 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