{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T22:18:17Z","timestamp":1793053097934,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":4748,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Endoscopic sclerotherapy is an effective treatment for bleeding esophageal varices, but it is associated with significant complications. Endoscopic ligation, a new form of endoscopic treatment for bleeding varices, has been shown to be superior to sclerotherapy in adult patients with cirrhosis. To determine the efficacy and safety of endoscopic sclerotherapy and ligation, the 2 methods were compared in a randomized control trial in 49 children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction who had proven bleeding from esophageal varices. Twenty-four patients were treated with sclerotherapy and 25 with band ligation. No significant differences were found between the sclerotherapy and ligation groups in arresting active index bleeding (100% each) and achieving variceal eradication (91.7% vs. 96%, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = .61). Band ligation eradicated varices in fewer endoscopic sessions than did sclerotherapy (3.9 \u00b1 1.1 vs. 6.1 \u00b1 1.7, respectively, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .0001). The rebleeding rate was significantly higher in the sclerotherapy group (25% vs. 4%, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = .049), as was the rate of major complications (25% vs. 4%, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = .049). After eradication, esophageal variceal recurrence was not significantly different in patients treated by ligation than by sclerotherapy (17.4% vs. 10%, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = .67). In conclusion, variceal band ligation in children is a safe and effective technique that achieves variceal eradication more quickly, with a lower rebleeding rate and fewer complications compared with sclerotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.35278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,8]],"date-time":"2004-03-08T19:13:12Z","timestamp":1078773192000},"page":"666-672","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":172,"title":["Endoscopic ligation compared with sclerotherapy for bleeding esophageal varices in children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Showkat Ali","family":"Zargar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gul","family":"Javid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bashir Ahmad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghulam Nabi","family":"Yattoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Altaf Hussain","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghulam 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