{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T17:29:19Z","timestamp":1763746159084},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,26]],"date-time":"2004-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1082937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":481,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2014<\/jats:bold>To describe a surgical technique for treatment of biologically inactive nonunions using en bloc ostectomy and compression plate fixation and clinical outcome in 17 dogs.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Study Design\u2014<\/jats:bold>Retrospective clinical study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Sample Population\u2014<\/jats:bold>Seventeen dogs.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2014<\/jats:bold>A transverse ostectomy was performed adjacent and parallel to the nonunion to eliminate nonviable tissue and provide a new, viable fracture surface with a minimum circumferential contact area of 315\u00b0. With most of the bony column anatomically reconstructed, compression plate fixation was used to stabilize the fracture. Autogenous cancellous bone grafting was used if a fracture gap was present (&lt;45\u00b0 of missing circumferential bone contact). Resection of bone was limited so that bone shortening was less than 20% of the overall bone length. Clinical and radiographic follow\u2010up evaluations were obtained whenever possible.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2014<\/jats:bold>Complete circumferential bone contact and compression plate fixation was achieved after ostectomy in 12 dogs; cancellous bone graft was used in 5 dogs. En bloc ostectomy sites were radiographically healed in a median time of 2.5 months after surgery in 11 dogs that returned for complete in\u2010hospital follow\u2010up, and progressive healing was observed in 3 other dogs, where in\u2010hospital follow\u2010up was obtained up to 2 months after surgery. These dogs had a median follow\u2010up time of 2 months, at which time 6 dogs had no lameness, 4 had minimal lameness, and one had moderate lameness. No complications occurred, and no implants were removed.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2014<\/jats:bold>En bloc ostectomy with compression plate fixation was considered successful for the treatment of biologically inactive nonunions. A good to excellent prognosis can be expected with minimal complications.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Relevance\u2014<\/jats:bold>Use of an en bloc ostectomy technique for the treatment of biologically inactive nonunions permits easy resection of nonviable tissue. Subsequent fracture stabilization with compression plate fixation resulted in rapid bone healing without complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.2003.50014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,8]],"date-time":"2003-01-08T15:01:36Z","timestamp":1042038096000},"page":"91-100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Treatment of Biologically Inactive Nonunions by a Limited En Bloc Ostectomy and Compression Plate Fixation: A Review of 17 Cases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Lauren L.","family":"Blaeser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jack G.","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randy J.","family":"Boudrieau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"677","article-title":"Management of delayed union and nonunion fractures in small animals","volume":"1","author":"Aron DN","year":"1979","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","first-page":"277","volume-title":"Small Animal Orthopedics","author":"Betts CW","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","first-page":"241","volume-title":"Manual of Internal Fixation in Small Animals","author":"Hohn RB","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","first-page":"895","volume-title":"Current Techniques in Small Animal Surgery","author":"Aron DN","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196547010-00015","article-title":"Diagnosis and prevention of non\u2010union","volume":"47","author":"Brashear HR","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","first-page":"1676","volume-title":"Textbook of Small Animal Surgery","author":"Kaderly RE","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","first-page":"260","article-title":"The role of bone grafting in the treatment of delayed unions and nonunions of the tibia","volume":"19","author":"Meister K","year":"1990","journal-title":"Orthop Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","first-page":"141","article-title":"Treatment of nonunion in fractures of long bones","volume":"138","author":"Muller ME","year":"1979","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","first-page":"98","article-title":"Delayed and nonunion fractures","volume":"7","author":"Robello GT","year":"1992","journal-title":"Semin Vet Med Surg Small Anim"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","first-page":"399","volume-title":"Bone in Clinical Orthopaedics: A Study in Comparative Osteology","author":"Sumner\u2010Smith G","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(91)50085-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","first-page":"511","volume-title":"Textbook of Small Animal Orthopaedics","author":"Nunamaker DM","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(91)50082-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)36929-8","article-title":"The healing of fractures and nonunion of bone","volume":"43","author":"Cave EF","year":"1963","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","first-page":"294","article-title":"The biology of fracture healing: An overview for clinicians. 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