{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T01:18:00Z","timestamp":1779931080178,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,26]],"date-time":"2004-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1082937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":422,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2014<\/jats:bold>To describe the use of an axial pattern flap based on the angularis oris artery and vein for reconstruction of palate defects.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Study Design\u2014<\/jats:bold>Clinical case report<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Animals\u2014<\/jats:bold>Two dogs with recurrent oronasal fistulae.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2014<\/jats:bold>Oronasal fistulae previously treated by buccal mucosal random pattern flaps that subsequently dehisced were repaired using an angularis oris\u2010based buccal tissue axial pattern flap. This flap was developed by full thickness incision of the cheek tissue, excluding the skin, about the angularis oris vascular pedicle resulting in a vascularized flap covered by oral mucosa on one side.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2014<\/jats:bold>In one dog, the repair was intact and healed 6 months after surgery. In the second dog with a fistula that resulted because of radiation necrosis, approximately 95% of the defect healed with a small (&lt;1.0 cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) area of dehiscence. Repair of this persistent fistula with a random pattern buccal flap failed and this small fistula remained with minimal clinical signs.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2014<\/jats:bold>An axial pattern flap based on the angularis oris artery and vein can be used to repair difficult or recurrent palate defects.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Relevance\u2014<\/jats:bold>Angularis oris axial pattern flaps provide an additional effective option for repair of defects in the hard and soft palate to the distal gingival margin of the canine tooth or beyond, depending on skull conformation. Advantages of this flap include its highly vascular and robust character, high degree of mobility and a surface of tough buccal mucosa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.2003.50018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,28]],"date-time":"2003-03-28T17:51:26Z","timestamp":1048873886000},"page":"113-119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Angularis Oris Axial Pattern Buccal Flap for Reconstruction of Recurrent Fistulae of the Palate"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Karen J.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan F.","family":"McAnulty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"494","article-title":"Oral flaps, principles, problems and complications of flaps for reconstruction of the oral cavity","volume":"2","author":"Kirby BM","year":"1990","journal-title":"Probl Vet Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"733","volume-title":"Textbook of Small Animal Surgery","author":"Nelson WA","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"432","article-title":"Horizontal ear canal reconstruction: Does it have a role in treatment of dogs with end\u2010stage otitis externa","volume":"24","author":"McAnulty JF","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Small Animal Surgery","author":"Harvey CE","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","first-page":"109","volume-title":"Current Techniques in Small Animal Surgery","author":"Howard DR","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1987.tb00930.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1996.208.09.1410","article-title":"Prosthodontic appliance for repair of oronasal fistula in a cat","volume":"208","author":"Smith MM","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.122.15.359"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"513","article-title":"Bilateral buccal mucosal flaps for reconstruction of large hard palate defects in three dogs","volume":"30","author":"Niles JD","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"358","volume-title":"Atlas of Small Animal Reconstructive Surgery","author":"Pavletic MM","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"1551","article-title":"Unsuccessful repair of a short soft palate in a dog","volume":"193","author":"Bauer MS","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"489","article-title":"Microvascular free tissue transfer of the rectus abdominis muscle in dogs","volume":"30","author":"Calfee EF","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"803","article-title":"A double reposition flap technique for repair of recurrent oronasal fistulas in dogs","volume":"22","author":"Ellison GW","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","first-page":"614","volume-title":"Miller's Anatomy of the Dog","author":"Evans HE","year":"1993"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1053%2Fjvet.2003.50018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1053\/jvet.2003.50018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T03:33:27Z","timestamp":1733974407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1053\/jvet.2003.50018"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1053\/jvet.2003.50018"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/jvet.2003.50018","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-3499","1532-950X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-3499","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-950X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]}}}