{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:03:19Z","timestamp":1790240599369,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,14]],"date-time":"2003-05-14T18:29:18Z","timestamp":1052936958000},"page":"20-24","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Ectoparasitic infestations in homeless children"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Estrada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327655jchn0401_6","article-title":"Pediculosis corporis and the homeless","volume":"4","author":"Zlotnick","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Community Health Nurs"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib2","first-page":"593","article-title":"Skin diseases in a population of homeless people","volume":"15","author":"Morrone","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venerol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)09458-1","article-title":"Scabies and pediculosis","volume":"355","author":"Chosidow","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1086\/520454","article-title":"The body louse as a vector of reemerging human diseases","volume":"29","author":"Raoult","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(05)70249-2","article-title":"Infestations in the pediatric patient","volume":"47","author":"Angel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(01)00062-7","article-title":"Infections in the homeless","volume":"1","author":"Raoult","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.5.1707-1709.2001","article-title":"Detection and culture of Bartonella quintana, Serratia marcescens, and Acinetobacter spp from decontaminated human body lice","volume":"39","author":"La Scola","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199502163320703","article-title":"Bartonella (Rochalimaea) quintana bacteremia in inner-city patients with chronic alcoholism","volume":"332","author":"Spach","year":"1995","journal-title":"NEJM"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0202.960212","article-title":"Emergence of Bartonella quintana among homeless persons","volume":"2","author":"Jackson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.3.596-599.1999","article-title":"Body lice as tools for diagnosis and surveillance of reemerging diseases","volume":"37","author":"Rooux","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.110062","article-title":"High seroprevalence to Bartonella quintana in homeless patients with cutaneous parasitic infestation in downtown Paris","volume":"44","author":"Guibal","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901213400303","article-title":"Chronic Bartonella quintana bacteremia in homeless patients","volume":"340","author":"Brouqui","year":"1999","journal-title":"NEJM"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0501.990126","article-title":"Bartonella quintana in body lice collected from homeless persons in Russia","volume":"5","author":"Rydkina","year":"1999","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)12433-3","article-title":"Outbreak of epidemic typhus associated with trench fever in Burundi","volume":"352","author":"Raoult","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0303.970313","article-title":"Jail fever (epidemic typhus) outbreak in Burundi","volume":"3","author":"Rioult","year":"1997","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib16","first-page":"259","article-title":"Epidemic typhus risk in Rwandan refugee camps","volume":"69","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1994","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib17","first-page":"181","article-title":"Epidemic typhus in Africa","volume":"59","author":"Ndihokubwayo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Med Trop"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1988.11812282","article-title":"Clinical presentation of louse-borne relapsing fever among Ethiopian refugees in northern Somalia","volume":"82","author":"Brown","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3506(01)00445-0","article-title":"Sarcoptes scabiei infestation among children in a displacement camp in Sierra Leone","volume":"115","author":"Terry","year":"2001","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.136.3.387","article-title":"A systematic review of the treatment of scabies","volume":"136","author":"Walker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1470.2001.018001063.x","article-title":"Topical ivermectin: A new successful treatment for scabies","volume":"18","author":"Victoria","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.4.601","article-title":"Cutaneous myiasis acquired in New York State","volume":"99","author":"Rao","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib23","first-page":"85","article-title":"A survey of houseflies in Bangkok and neighboring provinces","volume":"Mar","author":"Sucharit","year":"1976","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-198403000-00012","article-title":"Cutaneous myiasis in Pennsylvania","volume":"3","author":"Ryan","year":"1984","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(18)30136-0","volume":"12","author":"Noutsis","year":"1994","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.13.2004","article-title":"Wound myiasis in urban and suburban United States","volume":"160","author":"Sherman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E6","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.1.e6","article-title":"Neonatal myiasis","volume":"106","author":"Bapat","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0213-005X(01)72674-2","article-title":"Otitis externa por larvas de mosca","volume":"19","author":"Martin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Enferm Infec Microbiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib29","first-page":"47","article-title":"\u201cFlies in the flesh\u201d: A case report and review of cutaneous myiasis","volume":"55","author":"Zywocinski","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1086\/341493","article-title":"Furuncular myiasis: A simple and rapid method for extraction of intact Dermatobia hominis larvae","volume":"35","author":"Boggild","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib31","first-page":"71","article-title":"Botfly infestation (myiasis) masquerading as furunculosis","volume":"63","author":"Gewirtzman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200201000-00024","article-title":"Ophthalmomyiasis in a child","volume":"21","author":"Emborsky","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib33","first-page":"684","article-title":"Palpebral myiasis causing preseptal cellulitis","volume":"116","author":"Engelbrecht","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Ophtalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib34","first-page":"1002","article-title":"Anterior orbital myiasis caused by human botfly (Dermatobia hominis)","volume":"118","author":"Goodman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(93)90045-5","article-title":"Myiasis in children: The Indian perspective","volume":"25","author":"Singh","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib36","first-page":"25","article-title":"Human umbilical myiasis by Phanecia sericata in a newborn child","volume":"30","author":"Szekely","year":"1975","journal-title":"Bol Chil Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib37","first-page":"389","article-title":"Nasal myiasis in leprosy","volume":"62","author":"Husain","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib38","first-page":"143","article-title":"Characterization of microbial flora of leprous ulcers infested with maggots","volume":"8","author":"Husain","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Leprol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510170077034","article-title":"Bacon therapy and furuncular myiasis","volume":"270","author":"Brewer","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-198400430-00006","article-title":"Ophthalmomyiasis treated by argon-laser photocoagulation","volume":"4","author":"Forman","year":"1984","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1999.00639.x","article-title":"Tropical medicine rounds","volume":"38","author":"Victoria","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199708073370615","article-title":"Cellulitis due to botfly larvae","volume":"337","author":"Chin","year":"1997","journal-title":"NEJM"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-0960.2000.00388.x","article-title":"Tungiasis","volume":"41","author":"Grunwald","year":"2000","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1470.2000.01778.x","article-title":"Tungiasis in a 3-year-old child","volume":"17","author":"Gelmetti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2001.00716.x","article-title":"Tungiasis: A neglected health problem of poor communities","volume":"6","author":"Heukelbach","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.118530","article-title":"Tungiasis in North America: A report of 2 cases in internationally adopted children","volume":"139","author":"Fein","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(89)70115-8","article-title":"Tungiasis: Report of one case and review of the 14 reported cases in the United States","volume":"20","author":"Sansusi","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-197902000-00010","article-title":"Tungiasis in Tennessee","volume":"72","author":"Bell","year":"1979","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib49","first-page":"636","article-title":"Tungiasis in North America","volume":"25","author":"Brothers","year":"1980","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.5858\/2002-126-0714-THFOTP","article-title":"Typical histologic features of Tunga penetrans in skin biopsies","volume":"126","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127213_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2002.00904.x","article-title":"Bacterial superinfection in human tungiasis","volume":"7","author":"Feldmeier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1045187003700065?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1045187003700065?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T02:31:33Z","timestamp":1623033093000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1045187003700065"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1045187003700065"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/spid.2003.127213","relation":{},"ISSN":["1045-1870"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1045-1870","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}}}