{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:25:26Z","timestamp":1777580726009,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]],"date-time":"2000-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":967766400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]},"DOI":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,19]],"date-time":"2002-09-19T10:55:42Z","timestamp":1032432942000},"page":"409-413","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The efficacy of spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain"],"prefix":"10.1054","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Bhadrakant","family":"Kavar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey V.","family":"Rosenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Hutchinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1126\/science.150.3699.971","article-title":"Pain mechanisms: a new theory","volume":"150","author":"Melzack","year":"1965","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-196707000-00025","article-title":"Electrical inhibition of pain by stimulation of the dorsal columns: preliminary clinical report","volume":"46","author":"Shealy","year":"1967","journal-title":"Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF3","first-page":"2868","article-title":"Chronic dorsal stimulation in multiple sclerosis. Preliminary report","volume":"73","author":"Cook","year":"1973","journal-title":"NY State J Med"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF4","first-page":"36","article-title":"Vascular disease of the extremities: electrical stimulation of the spinal cord and posterior roots","volume":"76","author":"Cook","year":"1976","journal-title":"NY State J Med"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1097\/00013414-199506000-00002","article-title":"Current status of epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation","volume":"5(2)","author":"Barolat","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurosurgery Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1981.54.6.0821","article-title":"Pain control and improvement of peripheral blood flow following epidural spinal cord stimulation. Case report","volume":"54","author":"Meglio","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198507000-00017","article-title":"Epidural electrical stimulation in severe limb ischaemia. Pain relief, increased blood flow and a possible limb saving effect","volume":"202","author":"Augustinsson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann Surgery"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF8","first-page":"372","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of the cervical spinal cord increases cerebral blood flow in humans","volume":"48","author":"Hosobuchi","year":"1985","journal-title":"Appl Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF9","unstructured":"Nakazawa, S.Kanno, T. Proceedings of the 4th Annual Meeting of the Society for Treatment of Coma, Tokyo 1995. Tokyo, Neuron Publishing, 1996"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF10","first-page":"5","article-title":"Spinal cord stimulation. Editorial","volume":"11(1)","author":"Simpson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brit J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1989.70.2.0257","article-title":"Effect of dorsal column stimulation on gelatinosa and marginal neurons of cat spinal cord","volume":"70","author":"Dubuisson","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/14.1.96","article-title":"A mechanism of cardiac pain suppression by spinal cord stimulation: implication for patients with angina pectoris","volume":"14","author":"Chandler","year":"1993","journal-title":"Euro Heart J"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/01952307.1991.11735828","article-title":"Recovery of amino acid neurotransmitters from the spinal cord during posterior epidural stimulation: a preliminary study","volume":"14","author":"Simpson","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Paraplegia Soc"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(85)90025-9","article-title":"Bicuculline and spinal inhibition produced by dorsal column stimulation in the cat","volume":"22","author":"Duggan","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF15","first-page":"87","article-title":"PAG \u2013 microdialysis in the awake, freely moving rat during spinal cord stimulation: release of GABA","volume":"117","author":"Stiller","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF16","first-page":"199","article-title":"Spinal cord stimulation","volume":"1","author":"Simpson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pain Rev"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(84)90004-7","article-title":"Cancer related pain. II. Assessment with visual analogue scales","volume":"28","author":"Ahles","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF18","first-page":"22","article-title":"Memories of pain","author":"Basbaum","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science & Medicine Nov\/Dec"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199208000-00014","article-title":"Dorsal column stimulation induces release of serotonin and substance P in the cat dorsal horn","volume":"31","author":"Linderoth","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF20","article-title":"Dorsal column stimulation and pain","author":"Linderoth","year":"1992","journal-title":"Experimental studies of putative neurochemical and neurophysiological mechanism."},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199512000-00008","article-title":"Spinal cord stimulation for chronic low back pain: a systematic literature synthesis","volume":"37","author":"Turner","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199303000-00008","article-title":"Spinal cord stimulation for chronic intractable pain: experience over two decades","volume":"32","author":"North","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225_RF23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199506000-00006","article-title":"Prognostic factors of spinal cord stimulation for chronic back and leg pain","volume":"36","author":"Burchiel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586899902254?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0967586899902254?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T17:50:34Z","timestamp":1555005034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0967586899902254"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0967586899902254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1054\/jocn.1999.0225","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-5868"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-5868","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]}}}