{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T07:21:07Z","timestamp":1774682467240,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","funder":[{"name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse, through the Substance Use HeAlth REcords Sharing","award":["9R01DA056984-06A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9R01DA056984-06A1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl Clin Inform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Standardizing and formalizing consent processes and forms can prevent ambiguities, convey a more precise meaning, and support machine interpretation of consent terms.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Objectives\u2003Our goal was to introduce a systematic approach to standardizing and digitizing pediatric consent forms, which are complex due to legal requirements for child and legal guardian involvement.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003First, we reviewed the consent requirements from the Arizona regulation, and we used 21 pediatric treatment consents from five Arizona health care organizations to propose and evaluate an implementation-agnostic Consent for Treatment Framework. Second, we assessed the adequacy of the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) to support the proposed framework.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003The resulting Consent for Treatment Framework supports compliance with the state consent requirements and has been validated with pediatric consent forms. We also demonstrated that the FHIR standard has the required expressiveness to compute the framework's specifications and express the 21 consent forms.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Health care organizations can apply the shared open-source code and FHIR implementation guidelines to standardize the design of machine-interpretable pediatric treatment consent forms. The resulting FHIR-based executable models may support compliance with the law and support interoperability and data sharing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2291-1482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T00:25:11Z","timestamp":1710980711000},"page":"342-356","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pediatric Consent on FHIR"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Anton","family":"Voronov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Jafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HonorHealth, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Soliz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coppersmith Brockelman PLC, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}]},{"given":"Qixuan","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ira A Fulton School of Engineering, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Pope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HonorHealth, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}]},{"given":"Darwyn","family":"Chern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copa Health, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Lipman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jewish Family and Children's Services, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}]},{"given":"Adela","family":"Grando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, United 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an ontology-based tool for reasoning about consent permission","volume":"2013","author":"A Grando","year":"2013","journal-title":"AMIA Annu Symp Proc"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref14","first-page":"37","article-title":"A model for implementing an interoperable electronic consent form for medical treatment using HL7 FHIR","volume":"14","author":"A M Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Biomed Inform (Praha)"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-022-02081-4","article-title":"A FHIR has been lit on gICS: facilitating the standardised exchange of informed consent in a large network of university medicine","volume":"22","author":"M Bialke","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1730032","article-title":"Lessons learned for identifying and annotating permissions in clinical consent 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