{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:09:42Z","timestamp":1767650982301},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","funder":[{"name":"Key Research and Development Plan Project of Anhui Science and Technology Department","award":["1804h08020276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1804h08020276"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl Clin Inform"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objectives\u2003The sequence of intravenous infusions may impact the efficacy, safety, and cost of intravenous medications. The study describes and assesses a computerized clinical decision support annotation system capable of analyzing the sequence of intravenous infusions.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003All intravenous medications on the hospital formulary were analyzed based on factors that impact intravenous infusion sequence. Eight pharmacy infusion knowledge databases were constructed based on Hospital Infusion Standards. These databases were incorporated into the computerized sequence annotation module within the electronic health record system. The annotation process was changed from pharmacists' manual annotation (phase 1) to computer-aided pharmacist manual annotation (phase 2) to automated computer annotation (phase 3).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Comparing phase 2 to phase 1, there were significant differences in sequence annotation with regards to the percentage of hospital wards annotated (100% vs. 4.65%, chi-square \u2009=\u2009180.95, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), percentage of patients annotated (64.18% vs. 0.52%, chi-square\u2009=\u200990.46, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), percentage of intravenous orders annotated (75.67% vs. 0.77%, chi-square\u2009=\u2009118.78, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and the number of tubing flushes per ward per day (118.51 vs. 2,115.00, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Compared with phase 1, there were significant cost savings in tubing flushes in phase 2 and phase 3. Compared with phase 1, there was significant difference in the time nurses spent on tubing flushes in phase 2 and phase 3 (1,244.94 vs. 21,684.8\u2009minutes, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; 1,369.51 vs. 21,684.8\u2009minutes, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Compared with phase 1, significantly less time was required for pharmacist annotation in phase 2 and phase 3 (90.6 vs. 4,753.57\u2009minutes, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; 0.05 vs. 4,753.57\u2009minutes, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003A computerized infusion annotation system is efficient in sequence annotation and significant savings in tubing flushes can be achieved as a result.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1722871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T00:51:56Z","timestamp":1612399916000},"page":"065-072","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Development and Evaluation of an Intravenous Infusion Sequence Annotation System"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ji","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Binhu Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Kelun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}]},{"given":"Zhuo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China"}]},{"given":"Zhangwei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Section, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Binhu Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China"}]},{"given":"Yunjie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Binhu Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Binhu Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China"}]},{"given":"Fu","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei Binhu Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"08","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2019.05.009","article-title":"Single-center analysis of the potential inappropriate use of intravenous medications in hospitalized patients in china","volume":"41","author":"S Zeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref2","first-page":"573","article-title":"Evaluation of the inpatient usage of intravenous infusion in 156 hospitals","volume":"35","author":"H Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pharm Pract"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/ejhpharm-2018-001624","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of intravenous medication errors in the UK: a systematic review","volume":"27","author":"A Sutherland","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Hosp Pharm Sci Pract"},{"issue":"34","key":"ref5","first-page":"4894","article-title":"Analysis on the causes of clinical return of PIVAS finished infusions in our hospital and discussion on intervention strategies","volume":"28","author":"Y Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"China Pharm"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref6","first-page":"247","article-title":"Discoloration of compatibility between cefotaxime sodium and ornidazole sodium chloride injection","volume":"10","author":"R Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin J Pharmacov"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref7","first-page":"17","article-title":"Chemotherapy administration sequence: a review of the literature and creation of a sequencing chart","volume":"1","author":"R Mancini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol Pharm"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1188\/06.ONF.1134-1141","article-title":"Vesicant extravasation part I: mechanisms, pathogenesis, and nursing care to reduce risk","volume":"33","author":"C Sauerland","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oncol Nur Forum"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2019.02.004","article-title":"Chronopharmacology of glucocorticoids","volume":"151-152","author":"M L Scherholz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-019-00898-0","article-title":"Overuse of intravenous infusions in China: focusing on management platform and cultural problems","volume":"41","author":"S Zeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharm"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"74","article-title":"An updated and more accurate drip infusion solution monitoring system - 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