{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T11:50:26Z","timestamp":1785498626682,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"12\/13","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Planta Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A microemulsion system was developed and investigated as a novel oral formulation to increase the solubility and absorption of Salicis cortex extract. This extract possesses many pharmacological activities, in particular, it is beneficial for back pain and osteoarthritic and rheumatic complaints. In this work, after qualitative and quantitative characterization of the extract and the validation of an HPLC\/diode array detector analytical method, solubility studies were performed to choose the best components for microemulsion formulation. The optimized microemulsion consisted of 2.5\u2009g of triacetin, as the oil phase, 2.5\u2009g of Tween 20 as the surfactant, 2.5\u2009g of labrasol as the cosurfactant, and 5\u2009g of water. The microemulsion was visually checked, characterized by light scattering techniques and morphological observations. The developed formulation appeared transparent, the droplet size was around 40\u2009nm, and the \u03b6-potential result was negative. The maximum loading content of Salicis cortex extract resulted in 40\u2009mg\/mL. Furthermore, storage stability studies and an in vitro digestion assay were performed. The advantages offered by microemulsion were evaluated in vitro using artificial membranes and cells, i.e., parallel artificial membrane permeability assay and a Caco-2 model. Both studies proved that the microemulsion was successful in enhancing the permeation of extract compounds, so it could be useful to ameliorate the bioefficacy of Salicis cortex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0611-6203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]],"date-time":"2018-04-24T22:52:36Z","timestamp":1524610356000},"page":"976-984","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Enhanced Solubility and Permeability of Salicis cortex Extract by Formulating as a Microemulsion"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Vieri","family":"Piazzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Bigagli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA, Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Luceri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA, Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Rita","family":"Bilia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Camilla","family":"Bergonzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]]},"container-title":["Planta Medica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-0611-6203.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]],"date-time":"2018-07-31T22:42:40Z","timestamp":1533076960000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-0611-6203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12\/13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-0611-6203","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-0943","1439-0221"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-0943","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0221","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]]}}}