{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T05:45:26Z","timestamp":1770270326786,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Horm Metab Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical features and long-term therapeutic outcome of giant prolactinoma (gPRLoma) in men and to compare them with those of a group of male patients with non-gPRL macroprolactinomas (non-gPRLomas). A retrospective and multicenter study of gPRLomas in men diagnosed in a 20-year period was performed. Clinical data and treatment outcome were registered. The diagnosis of gPRLoma was established when the maximal tumor diameter was \u226540\u2009mm or the tumor had \u226520\u2009mm of suprasellar extension associated to hyperprolactinemia (PRL&gt;1000\u2009ng\/ml). Non-gPRLoma was considered when tumor diameter was \u2009\u2265\u200910\u2009mm and&lt;40\u2009mm associated to hyperprolactinemia (PRL\u2265200\u2009ng\/ml). Twenty-three patients with gPRLoma (age 38.3\u00b113.5 years) followed for at least 3 months (follow-up 87.1\u00b160.5 months, range 3\u2013211 months) were evaluated. A group of 42 patients with non-gPRLoma (age 42\u00b116.6 years; NS; follow-up 89\u00b165.9 months, range 3\u2013222 months; NS) served as a control group. More than half (56.5%) of the gPRLoma patients were younger than 40 years at diagnosis. Visual disturbances were significantly more common in gPRLoma than in non-gPRLoma patients (65.2 vs. 25.6%; p=0.004). Prevalence of hypopituitarism was similar in both groups of patients (73.9% vs. 80.9%; gPRLoma vs non-gPRLoma; NS). Serum PRL concentrations were significantly higher in gPRLoma than in non-gPRLoma patients [median (IR), 3978\u2009ng\/ml (1179\u20139012) vs. 907\u2009ng\/ml (428\u20133119); p&lt;0.001]. Maximum tumor diameter in gPRLomas was 4.8\u00b10.8\u2009cm and 2.4\u00b10.7\u2009cm in non-gPRLoma (p&lt;0.001). All patients were treated with dopamine agonists (DA). Twelve (52.2%) gPRLoma patients and 32 (73.8%) non-gPRLoma patients were treated with DA as monotherapy (p=0.045). Surgery was used in 12 (52.2%) gPRLoma patients and in 12 (28.6%) non-gPRLoma patients (p=0.054). Lastly, radiotherapy was used in 5 (21.7%) gPRLoma patients and in 6 (14.2%) non-gPRLoma patients (NS). At last visit, PRL was similar in both groups of patients [16\u2009ng\/ml (4\u201330) vs. 11\u2009ng\/ml (4\u201325); gPRLomas vs. non-gPRLomas; ns] and tumor size decreased significantly (p&lt;0.001) in both groups of patients. Clinical cure (maintained normoprolactinemia without therapy for&gt;1 year and no radiological evidence of pituitary tumor) was achieved in 2 (8.7%) gPRLoma patients and in 2 (4.8%) non-gPRLoma patients (NS). gPRLomas in men are usually diagnosed at a mean age of 40 years, an age similar to that of non-gPRLomas. The only clinical difference with non-gPRLomas is their greater prevalence of visual disturbances. The therapeutic approaches and tumor outcomes were similar to those obtained in patients with non-gPRLomas. Complete cure in gPRLoma is rare, but similar to that achieved in non-gPRLomas, reached in less than 10% of patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0752-0741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]],"date-time":"2018-11-05T18:31:16Z","timestamp":1541442676000},"page":"791-796","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Giant Prolactinoma in Men: Clinical Features and Therapeutic Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Iglesias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Arcano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos (M\u00f3stoles), Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Berrocal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Bernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carles","family":"Villabona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge (L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"D\u00edez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]]},"container-title":["Hormone and Metabolic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-0752-0741.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]],"date-time":"2018-11-05T18:31:17Z","timestamp":1541442677000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-0752-0741"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-0752-0741","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-5043","1439-4286"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-5043","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-4286","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}}}