{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T22:38:26Z","timestamp":1774823906529,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\nAim  Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disease characterized by an absolute deficiency of endogenous insulin secretion. Insulin resistance (IR) may develop among patients with T1DM. Vitamin D deficiency was reported to be a risk factor in the development of IR. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and IR among patients with T1DM.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nMethods  The test group consisted of 110 adult patients [males=65 (59%)] with T1DM. Participants were recruited in Poland between 1st October and 30th April in 2015\/2016 and 2016\/2017. VD serum level was assessed by ELISA array. IR was assessed by estimated Glucose Disposal Rate (eGDR).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nResults  In the study group 21 (19%) patients were recognized as IR according to eGDR cut-offs (&lt;7.5\u2009mg\/kg\/min), 52 (47.3%) patients had VD deficiency (25(OH)D&lt;20\u2009ng\/ml), 16 (14.5%) patients had 25(OH)D&lt;10\u2009ng\/ml. Only 6 (5%) participants reported VD supplementation. Patients with IR, according to eGDR cut-off revealed significantly lower 25(OH)D serum level 15.7 (9.2\u201328.4) vs. 22.1 (13.0\u201338.4) ng\/ml; p=0.04 as compared to patients without IR. R Spearman analysis found a positive relationship between VD and eGDR (Rs=0.27; p&lt;0.01). Logistic regression analysis revealed significant relationship between the presence of IR and VD serum level\/presence of 25(OH)D serum level below 10\u2009ng\/ml, both models adjusted to sex, age, BMI, LDL and triglycerides, accordingly (OR=0.95, CI: 0.90\u20130.99; p=0.04) and (OR=4.19, CI: 1.04\u201316.93; p=0.04).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nConclusion  The serum concentration of Vitamin D is negatively associated with insulin resistance in patients with T1DM and may have clinical implications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0895-5166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]],"date-time":"2019-05-02T23:11:58Z","timestamp":1556838718000},"page":"396-402","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Insulin Resistance in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes is Associated with Lower Vitamin D Serum Concentration"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Miko\u0142aj","family":"Kami\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Uruska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Rogowicz-Frontczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dawid","family":"Lipski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Nied\u017awiecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"R\u00f3\u017ca\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulina","family":"Skonieczna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Michalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Floty\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Araszkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Uruski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Pawlak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorota","family":"Zozuli\u0144ska-Zi\u00f3\u0142kiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00253736","article-title":"Hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance: A common feature of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) and type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus","volume":"23","author":"R A DeFronzo","year":"1982","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-013-2904-2","article-title":"Insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes: what is \u201edouble diabetes\u201c 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