{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T21:20:14Z","timestamp":1790716814491,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\nIntroduction GHD is a chronic and systemic disease requiring daily replacement of growth hormone (GHRT). Adherence and attitudes of adult GHD patients are not well known. We sought to assess patients\u2019 knowledge of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in association with treatment adherence and attitudes regarding available and upcoming treatment options.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nMethods We performed a cross-sectional survey with a custom-made questionnaire at a single centre assessing data on demographics, knowledge of GHD, adherence and attitudes towards GHRT.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nResults Of 106 eligible patients actively followed for GHD 70 returned the completed survey (return-rate 66%, 34\u2009m\/36\u2009f; age 56\u00b114 years). 46 patients were actively treated, but almost one third (n=24) refused GHRT. 12 patients had participated in clinical trials with LAGH (long-acting growth hormone). Overall, patients with GHRT showed good adherence. Patients refusing GHRT mostly feared side effects and\/or had a lack of information\/perceived effect. Disease knowledge and level of education were higher in treated than untreated patients (p=0.023\/0.017). Only 36% of respondents would initiate treatment with LAGH. Patients with prior LAGH experience and patients with childhood-onset GHD were more likely to adopt LAGH (p=0.048\/0.031).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nDiscussion Most often, misinformation causes patients to refuse GHRT. Possibly the understanding of their condition and consequences of non-treatment is limited. To improve adherence more focused educational and behavioural strategies may be needed. Willingness to begin a therapy with LAGH was lower than expected (36%). The reasons for reluctance against LAGH need to be elucidated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0956-1919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]],"date-time":"2019-07-02T22:43:22Z","timestamp":1562107402000},"page":"112-117","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Adherence, Attitudes and Beliefs of Growth Hormone Deficient Patients \u2013 A Questionnaire-based Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Felix","family":"Amereller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Schilbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Schopohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylv\u00e8re","family":"St\u00f6rmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2012.04361.x","article-title":"Effects of growth hormone deficiency on body composition and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk after definitive therapy for acromegaly","volume":"77","author":"E Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Overall and cause-specific mortality in growth hormone-deficient adults on growth hormone replacement","author":"R-C Gaillard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18081621","article-title":"Growth Hormone\u2019s effect on adipose tissue: Quality versus quantity","volume":"18","author":"D E Berryman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000169","article-title":"Quality of life in patients with hypopituitarism","volume":"22","author":"I Crespo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0875","article-title":"Seven years of growth hormone (GH) replacement improves quality of life in hypopituitary patients with adult-onset GH deficiency","volume":"176","author":"M Elbornsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-07-0631","article-title":"Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adults with GH deficiency II: A statement of the GH Research Society in association with the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Lawson Wilkins Society, European Society of Endocrinology, J","volume":"157","author":"K K Ho","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2006.114249","article-title":"Monitoring of concordance in growth hormone therapy","volume":"93","author":"R R Kapoor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016223","article-title":"Non-compliance with growth hormone treatment in children is common and impairs linear growth","volume":"6","author":"W S Cutfield","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1159\/000357975","article-title":"Adherence to growth hormone therapy: A practical approach","volume":"81","author":"M Bozzola","year":"2014","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000351800","article-title":"Growth hormone treatment adherence in prepubertal and pubertal children with different growth disorders","volume":"80","author":"K Hartmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2008.02.017","article-title":"Observations of nonadherence to recombinant human growth hormone therapy in clinical practice","volume":"30","author":"F Haverkamp","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.68.1.91","article-title":"Compliance with growth hormone treatment \u2013 are they getting it?","volume":"68","author":"S L Smith","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1998.tb01464.x","article-title":"Multicentre survey on compliance with growth hormone therapy: What can be improved?","volume":"87","author":"M Oyarzabal","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Int J Paediatr"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1159\/000350251","article-title":"Understanding the growth hormone therapy adherence paradigm: A systematic review","volume":"79","author":"B G Fisher","year":"2013","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.14.2.143","article-title":"Compliance and persistence in pediatric and adult patients receiving growth hormone therapy","volume":"14","author":"R Rosenfeld","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27302008000500021","article-title":"Efic\u00e1cia, seguran\u00e7a e ader\u00eancia ao tratamento de longo prazo com horm\u00f4nio de crescimento (GH) em adultos com defici\u00eancia de GH","volume":"52","author":"DC T Zaninelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-42659","article-title":"Growth hormone therapy in GH-deficient adults: Continuous vs. alternate-days treatment","volume":"35","author":"C Giavoli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3720","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.10.6881","article-title":"Recombinant Growth Hormone (GH) Therapy in GH-deficient adults: A long-term controlled study on daily versus thrice weekly injections","volume":"85","author":"G Amato","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-6374(03)00041-8","article-title":"Growth hormone (GH) replacement in GH-deficient adults: A crossover trial comparing the effect on metabolic control, well-being and compliance of three injections per week versus daily injections","volume":"13","author":"J O Johansson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345197","article-title":"Three weekly injections (TWI) of low-dose growth hormone (GH) restore low normal circulating IGF-I concentrations and reverse cardiac abnormalities associated with adult onset GH deficiency (GHD)","volume":"26","author":"A I Pincelli","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2014.05.002","article-title":"A monocentric experience of growth hormone replacement therapy in adult patients","volume":"75","author":"L Abdi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0111","article-title":"Growth Hormone Research Society perspective on the development of long-acting growth hormone preparations","volume":"174","author":"J S Christiansen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13030","article-title":"Is Insulin-like-growth-factor-I a good marker for treatment adherence in growth-hormone deficiency in adulthood?","volume":"84","author":"M K Auer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"217047","article-title":"Medication adherence measures: An overview","volume":"2015","author":"W Y Lam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12194","article-title":"What are validated self-report adherence scales really measuring?: A systematic review","volume":"77","author":"TM U Nguyen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7176.2008.07572.x","article-title":"Predictive validity of a medication adherence measure in an outpatient setting","volume":"10","author":"D E Morisky","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7117.2000.tb00211.x","article-title":"Development and testing of the Hill-Bone compliance to high blood pressure therapy scale","volume":"15","author":"M T Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(99)00130-9","article-title":"Reliability and validity of a new Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) for the psychoses","volume":"42","author":"K Thompson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318032937e","article-title":"Health beliefs, disease severity, and patient adherence","volume":"45","author":"M R DiMatteo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"2","article-title":"Interventions for enhancing medication adherence","author":"R Nieuwlaat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00313","article-title":"Optimizing patient management and adherence for children receiving growth hormone","volume":"8","author":"C L Acerini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2710.2001.00363.x","article-title":"Patient Adherence to Treatment: Three decades of research: A comprehensive review","volume":"26","author":"E Vermiere","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1159\/000126073","article-title":"Systematic review of the effects of shared decision-making on patient satisfaction, treatment adherence and health status","volume":"77","author":"EA G Joosten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.4065\/80.7.856","article-title":"Effect of dosing frequency on bisphosphonate medication adherence in a large longitudinal cohort of women","volume":"80","author":"R R Recker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2006.10.013","article-title":"The effect of dosing frequency on compliance and persistence with bisphosphonate therapy in postmenopausal women: A comparison of studies in the United States, the United Kingdom","volume":"28","author":"J Cramer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-946559","article-title":"Adh\u00e4renz mit t\u00e4glichen und w\u00f6chentlichen oralen bisphosphonaten in der osteoporosetherapie","volume":"131","author":"R Bartl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dtsch Medizinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050100","article-title":"Adherence to medication","volume":"353","author":"L Osterberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.12057.1","article-title":"Update on GH therapy in adults","volume":"6","author":"C L Boguszewski","year":"2017","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"1","article-title":"Challenges and future for the delivery of growth hormone therapy","author":"A Caicedo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res"}],"container-title":["Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-0956-1919.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]],"date-time":"2021-02-02T02:50:51Z","timestamp":1612234251000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-0956-1919"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-0956-1919","relation":{},"ISSN":["0947-7349","1439-3646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0947-7349","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3646","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]}}}