{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T11:35:45Z","timestamp":1790249745832,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"09","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]],"date-time":"2019-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endosc Int Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background and study aims\u2002Cirrhosis has historically been considered a relative, if not absolute, contraindication to cholecystectomy. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) has been developed for use in non-operative candidates with cholecystitis; however, little data exist for use of the procedure in patients with cirrhosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Patients and methods\u2002This was a retrospective series involving two large tertiary referral centers performing EUS-GBD. Patients with cirrhosis who underwent EUS-GBD for cholecystitis between August 2014 and\u200aDecember 2018 were identified. The primary endpoint was the rate of technical success, defined as EUS-guided placement of a lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) from duodenum to gallbladder. Patient demographics, procedural details, adverse events (AEs), post-procedural symptoms, and clinical success were recorded.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2002Fifteen patients (9 females, 6 males) with cirrhosis underwent EUS-GBD during the study period. Mean patient age was 61\u200a\u00b1\u200a17.1yrs, mean MELD-Na 15\u200a\u00b1\u200a7.\u200aEtiology of cirrhosis was HCV (n\u200a=\u200a2), alcohol (n\u200a=\u200a4), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (n\u200a=\u200a8), and autoimmune hepatitis (n\u200a=\u200a1).<\/jats:p><jats:p>The technical success rate was 93.3\u200a% and mean procedure time was 64\u200a\u00b1\u200a59 minutes. Initial puncture site was duodenum (n\u200a=\u200a11), stomach (n\u200a=\u200a3) and jejunum (n\u200a=\u200a1) and portion of gallbladder used for drainage was neck (n\u200a=\u200a4) and body (n\u200a=\u200a11). Fourteen patients went on to clinical success and two AEs occurred in this cohort. One decompensation event occurred in a patient with Child-Pugh class C disease 3 weeks post-procedure. Mean length of follow-up was 373\u200a\u00b1\u200a367.3 days; one death occurred due to underlying malignancy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2002EUS-GBD is safe and efficacious in managing cholecystitis in patients with Child-Pugh A and B cirrhosis who are non-operative candidates. Further studies are needed to determine optimal patient selection and procedural technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0965-6662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]],"date-time":"2019-08-29T23:01:58Z","timestamp":1567119718000},"page":"E1099-E1104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["EUS-guided gallbladder drainage in patients with cirrhosis: results of a multicenter retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"07","author":[{"given":"Theodore W.","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Krafft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Virginia Ruby Memorial Hospital Digestive Diseases, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Croglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina, Department of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Nasr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Virginia Ruby Memorial Hospital Digestive Diseases, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"Baron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]]},"container-title":["Endoscopy International Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-0965-6662.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]],"date-time":"2019-08-29T23:01:59Z","timestamp":1567119719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-0965-6662"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"09","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-0965-6662","relation":{},"ISSN":["2364-3722","2196-9736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2364-3722","type":"print"},{"value":"2196-9736","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,29]]}}}