{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T19:39:19Z","timestamp":1788896359907,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endosc Int Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Introduction\u2002Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) is an efficacious and safe option for patients who cannot undergo cholecystectomy. It is a technically challenging procedure, requiring skills in EUS, and ERCP. The aim of this study was to define the learning curve for EUS-GBD. <\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Patients and methods\u2002Consecutive patients undergoing EUS-GBD by a single operator were included from a prospective registry over 5 years. Demographics, procedure information, post-procedure follow-up data, and information on adverse events were collected. Non-linear regression and CUSUM analyses were conducted for the learning curve. Clinical success was defined as resolution of cholecystitis post-procedure. <\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2002Forty-eight patients were included (58\u200a% male, mean age 76 years). Twenty patients (42\u200a%) had malignant cholecystitis. Most patients had lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) (15\u200amm, n\u200a=\u200a29, 60\u200a%; 10\u200amm, n\u200a=\u200a8, 7\u200a%). The remaining patients had FCSEMS (n\u200a=\u200a9, 19\u200a%) or plastic stents alone (n\u200a=\u200a2, 4\u200a%). Clinical success was achieved in 36 (86\u200a%) of patients. Of the remaining 12, 7 were lost to follow-up and 5 had persistent cholecystitis. 9 patients (19\u200a%) had adverse events including bleeding (n\u200a=\u200a4), liver abscesses (n\u200a=\u200a2), and hypotension. Two patients passed away post-procedure. <\/jats:p><jats:p>Median procedure time was 41 minutes (range 16\u200a\u2013\u200a121\u200amin), with the 41-minute time occurring during the 19th procedure. Procedure durations further reduced, with the last 10 procedures being 20 minutes or under (nonlinear regression p value P\u200a&lt;\u200a0.0001).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2002Endoscopists experienced in EUS-GBD are expected to achieve a reduction in procedure time over successive cases, with efficiency reached at 41 minutes and a learning rate of 19 cases. Continued improvement is demonstrated with additional experience<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1005-6602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T18:38:55Z","timestamp":1578508735000},"page":"E92-E96","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["EUS-guided gallbladder drainage: a learning curve modified by technical progress"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"08","author":[{"given":"Amy","family":"Tyberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical Center, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kopal","family":"Jha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United Stats"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashant","family":"Kedia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodist Health System, Dallas, Texas, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Gaidhane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical Center, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Kahaleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical Center, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]]},"container-title":["Endoscopy International Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-1005-6602.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T18:39:05Z","timestamp":1578508745000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-1005-6602"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1005-6602","relation":{},"ISSN":["2364-3722","2196-9736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2364-3722","type":"print"},{"value":"2196-9736","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}}}