{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T14:33:07Z","timestamp":1771511587781,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]],"date-time":"2019-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Horm Metab Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A lack of vitamin D seems to be related to autoimmune diseases including autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). This study intends to determine the correlation between improvement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and AIT in patients from an outpatient endocrine clinic in Frankfurt, Germany. This study included 933 patients with thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO-Ab) \u226534 kIU\/l, including most patients with clear AIT due to a concurrent sonographic evidence of reduced echogenicity. We performed clinical evaluation and laboratory analysis at five points in time within two years retrospectively. Due to a high dropout rate within the observation period, we excluded the last two time points from analysis. Data from 933 AIT patients revealed 89% having vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency [25(OH)D &lt;75\u2009nmol\/l] with a median 25(OH)D level of 39.7\u2009nmol\/l. At baseline, a weak inverse correlation between 25(OH)D and anti-TPO-Ab was observed during winter (rs=\u20130.09, p=0.048*), but not during summer time (p&gt;0.2). We discovered 58 patients having initially a 25(OH)D level &lt;\u200975\u2009nmol\/l (median: 40.2\u2009nmol\/l), which improved over time to a 25(OH)D level \u2265\u200975\u2009nmol\/l (median: 83.2\u2009nmol\/l, p&lt;0.0005***). Simultaneously, the median anti-TPO-Ab level showed a significant decrease of 25% from 245.8 to 181.3\u2009kIU\/l (p=0.036*). A significant reduction of the median anti-TPO-Ab level of 9% was also observed in the control group, which consisted of patients having constantly a 25(OH)D level &lt;75\u2009nmol\/l. The result may suggest that in particular patients with 25(OH)D levels &lt;\u200975\u2009nmol\/l benefit from an increase of 25(OH)D levels \u2265\u200975\u2009nmol\/l. Further prospective randomized controlled clinical trials are needed to finally evaluate if vitamin D has immunmodulatory effects in AIT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1023-4181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T00:20:16Z","timestamp":1574727616000},"page":"792-797","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Vitamin D Status and Thyroid Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Thyroiditis"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Viktoria F.","family":"Koehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Endokrinologikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt\/Main, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Filmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biostatistics and Mathematical Modeling, Goethe-University, Frankfurt\/Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. Alexander","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Endokrinologikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt\/Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1089\/105072503768499680","article-title":"The prevalence of undiagnosed thyroid disorders in a previously iodine-deficient area","volume":"13","author":"H Volzke","year":"2003","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(90)90065-X","article-title":"Dendritic cells and class II MHC expression on thyrocytes during the autoimmune thyroid disease of the BB rat","volume":"55","author":"H A Voorby","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-71-3-661","article-title":"Antithyroid peroxidase autoantibodies in thyroid diseases","volume":"71","author":"S Mariotti","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1006\/cbir.1996.0081","article-title":"Immunochemical identification of the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor protein in human heart","volume":"20","author":"T D O\u02bcConnell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell Biol Int"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6310748","article-title":"1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors in human leukocytes","volume":"221","author":"D M Provvedini","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1977.01640010049006","article-title":"Prevalence of vitiligo. 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Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-1023-4181.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T03:21:21Z","timestamp":1645759281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-1023-4181"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1023-4181","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-5043","1439-4286"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-5043","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-4286","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]]}}}