{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T23:34:19Z","timestamp":1792625659193,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Horm Metab Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypokalemia is closely linked with the pathophysiology of primary\n                        aldosteronism (PA). Although hypokalemic PA is less common than the\n                        normokalemic course of the disease, hypokalemia is of particular importance\n                        for the manifestation and development of comorbidities. Specifically, a\n                        growing body of evidence demonstrates that hypokalemia in PA patients is\n                        associated with a more severe disease course regarding cardiovascular and\n                        metabolic morbidity and mortality. It is also well appreciated that low\n                        potassium levels per se can promote or exacerbate hypertension. The spectrum\n                        of hypokalemia-related symptoms ranges from asymptomatic courses to\n                        life-threatening conditions. Hypokalemia is found in 9\u201337%\n                        of all cases of PA with a predominance in patients with aldosterone\n                        producing adenoma. Conversely, hypokalemia resolves in almost 100%\n                        of cases after both, specific medical or surgical treatment of the disease.\n                        However, to date, high-level evidence about the prevalence of primary\n                        aldosteronism in a hypokalemic population is missing. Epidemiological data\n                        are expected from the recently launched IPAHK+study\n                        (\u201cIncidence of Primary Aldosteronism in Patients with\n                        Hypokalemia\u201d).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1134-4980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]],"date-time":"2020-04-06T23:02:53Z","timestamp":1586214173000},"page":"347-356","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Hypokalemia and the Prevalence of Primary\n                    Aldosteronism"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Sven","family":"Gruber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische\n                    Ern\u00e4hrung, Universit\u00e4tsSpital Z\u00fcrich, Zurich,\n                    Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Beuschlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische\n                    Ern\u00e4hrung, Universit\u00e4tsSpital Z\u00fcrich, Zurich,\n                    Switzerland"},{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universit\u00e4t\n                    M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.033597","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism","volume":"138","author":"J B Byrd","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.12935","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism","volume":"74","author":"J W Funder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1295438","article-title":"Prevalence of primary aldosteronism in patient\u2019s cohorts and in\n                    population-based studies \u2013 A review of the current literature","volume":"44","author":"A Hannemann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-1013","article-title":"Screening for primary aldosteronism in hypertensive subjects: Results from two\n                    German epidemiological studies","volume":"167","author":"A Hannemann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0000000000000281","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: Cardiovascular risk, diagnosis, and management","volume":"28","author":"P R Pillai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.01.015","article-title":"Evidence for an increased rate of cardiovascular events in patients with primary\n                    aldosteronism","volume":"45","author":"P Milliez","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15985","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000015985","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk in primary aldosteronism: A systematic review and\n                    meta-analysis","volume":"98","author":"X Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-4061","article-title":"The management of primary aldosteronism: case detection, diagnosis, and\n                    treatment: An endocrine society clinical practice guideline","volume":"101","author":"J W Funder","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"303","article-title":"Clinical study of adrenal incidentaloma in Korea FAU - Kim, Hee Young FAU - Kim,\n                    Sin Gon FAU - Lee, Kye Won FAU - Seo, Ji A FAU - Kim, Nan Hee FAU - Choi, Kyung\n                    Mook FAU - Baik, Sei Hyun FAU - Choi, Dong Seop","volume":"20","year":"2005","journal-title":"Korean J Intern Med"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"3","article-title":"Presidential address: Part I. 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