{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:06:22Z","timestamp":1791216382279,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\nIntroduction HIV infection has become a chronic, well-treatable disease and the focus of caretakers has shifted to diagnosis and treatment of comorbidities. Hypogonadism in elderly men with HIV might be of particular relevance, however, little is known about its epidemiology in contrast to non-infected peers and men with other chronic medical conditions, such as type 2 diabetes. This study aimed at comparing the prevalence of testosterone deficiency and functional hypogonadism in men \u2265 50 years in these three groups.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nPatients and Methods Multi-center, cross-sectional substudy of the German-wide 50\/2010 study, including men aged 50 years or older with HIV-infection, type 2 diabetes, and controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nResults Altogether, 322 men were included (mean age: 62 years (SD\u00b17.9)). The prevalence of testosterone deficiency in men living with HIV, type 2 diabetes, and controls was 34.5, 44.9, and 35.0%, respectively; the prevalence of functional hypogonadism was 7.7, 14.3 and 3.5%, respectively. Single-factor ANOVA demonstrated significant differences between the groups for total testosterone (p&lt;0.001), SHBG (p&lt;0.001), as well as for free testosterone concentrations (p=0.006). Comorbidities were, however, most important single factor in multi-factor analysis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nDiscussion Despite a comparable prevalence of testosterone deficiency, functional hypogonadism was more frequent in men living with HIV when compared to non-infected controls. This was the result of a higher burden of symptoms that might, however, also be secondary to other conditions. Number of comorbidities was a more important factor than belonging to one of the groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1210-2482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T23:51:37Z","timestamp":1611273097000},"page":"798-802","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Functional Hypogonadism and Testosterone Deficiency in Aging Males With and Without HIV-infection"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Nils","family":"Postel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"prinzmed, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MUC Research, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Balogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MUC Research, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Obermeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinisches Infektiologiezentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olaf","family":"Degen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fachbereich Infektiologie, Klinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Mayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektiologie Berlin \/ Prenzlauer Berg, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Baumgarten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektiologie Berlin \/ Prenzlauer Berg, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramona","family":"Pauli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isarpraxis, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Mueck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MUC Research, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Jaeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MVZ Karlsplatz, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Noe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MVZ Karlsplatz, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12770","article-title":"European Academy of Andrology (EAA) guidelines on investigation, treatment and monitoring of functional hypogonadism in males: Endorsing organization: European Society of Endocrinology","volume":"8","author":"G Corona","year":"2020","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00229","article-title":"Testosterone therapy in men with hypogonadism: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. 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