{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T20:16:05Z","timestamp":1770236165233,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01\/02","funder":[{"name":"PRONEX","award":["0002\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0002\/2014"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006181","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["0042\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0042\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["562655\/2010-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["562655\/2010-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Planta Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The need for new immunomodulatory drugs is due to the side effects associated with the prolonged use of the currently used immunomodulatory drugs. In this context, the present work aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of an ethanolic concentrated extract from Physalis angulata. The cytotoxicity of samples was determined using peritoneal macrophages though the Alamar Blue assay. The immunomodulatory activity of the ethanolic extract from P. angulata on activated macrophages was determined by measurement of nitrite and cytokine production. The immunosuppressive effects of the ethanolic extract from P. angulata was evaluated on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. The effects of the extract on cell cycle progression and cell death on lymphocytes were evaluated by flow cytometry. Lastly, the ethanolic extract from P. angulata was tested in vivo in toxicological tests and in models of peritonitis and delayed-type\n                    hypersensitivity response. The ethanolic extract from P. angulata decreased nitrite, interleukin-6, interleukin-12, and TNF-\u03b1 production by activated macrophages without affecting the cell viability. In addition, the ethanolic extract from P. angulata inhibited lymphoproliferation and the secretion of interleukin-2, interleukin-6, and IFN-\u03b3, and increased interleukin-4 secretion by activated splenocytes. Flow cytometry analysis in lymphocyte cultures showed that treatment with the ethanolic extract from P. angulata induces cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase followed by cell death by apoptosis. Moreover, mice treated with the extract from P. angulata at 100 or 200\u2009mg\/kg did not show signs of toxicity or alterations in serum components. Finally, the ethanolic extract from P. angulata significantly reduced neutrophil migration and reduced paw edema in bovine serum albumin-induced the delayed-type hypersensitivity response\n                    model. Our results demonstrate the potential of the ethanolic extract of P. angulata as an alternative for the treatment of immune-inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1237-4268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,16]],"date-time":"2020-09-16T22:45:38Z","timestamp":1600296338000},"page":"160-168","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["In vitro and In Vivo Immunomodulatory Activity of Physalis angulata Concentrated Ethanolic Extract"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"S\u00e9rgio Ricardo Teixeira","family":"Daltro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gon\u00e7alo Moniz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivanilson Pimenta","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gon\u00e7alo Moniz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula Ladeia","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gon\u00e7alo Moniz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diogo Rodrigo Magalh\u00e3es","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gon\u00e7alo Moniz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Therezinha Coelho Barbosa","family":"Tomassini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Qu\u00edmica de Produtos Naturais-PN2-Extra\u00e7\u00e3o, Isolamento e Purifica\u00e7\u00e3o, Farmanguinhos, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivone Maria","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Qu\u00edmica de Produtos Naturais-PN2-Extra\u00e7\u00e3o, Isolamento e Purifica\u00e7\u00e3o, Farmanguinhos, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Ribeiro dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gon\u00e7alo Moniz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e1ssio Santana","family":"Meira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gon\u00e7alo Moniz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milena Botelho Pereira","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gon\u00e7alo Moniz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Dicion\u00e1rio das Plantas \u00dateis do Brasil e das Ex\u00f3ticas Cultivadas, Primeira Edi\u00e7\u00e3o","author":"M Pio Corr\u00eaa","year":"1984"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X92000242","article-title":"Immunomodulatory activity of various fractions derived from Physalis angulata L. extract","volume":"20","author":"Y S Lin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Chin Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)94660-0","article-title":"The structures of physalins F and J from Physalis angulata L. and Physalis lancifolia","volume":"17","author":"L R Row","year":"1978","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(80)83078-0","article-title":"New physalins from Physalis angulata L. and Physalis lancifolia structures and reactions of physalins D, I, G and K","volume":"17","author":"L R Row","year":"1980","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2010005000036","article-title":"Effects of seco-steroids purified from Physalis angulata L., Solanaceae, on the viability of Leishmania sp","volume":"20","author":"E T Guimar\u00e3es","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Bras Farmacogn"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3109\/13880200903062606","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of the extracts and physalin D from Physalis alkekengi and evaluation of antioxidant potential of physalin D","volume":"28","author":"S Helvaci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharm Biol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1021\/np200260f","article-title":"Antimalarial activity of physalins B, D, F and G","volume":"74","author":"M S S\u00e1","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013001297","article-title":"Physalins B and F, seco-steroids isolated from Physalis angulata L., strongly inhibit proliferation, ultrastructure and infectivity of Trypanosoma cruzi.","volume":"140","author":"C S Meira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4057","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-03849-9","article-title":"Physalins V\u2013IX, 16,24-cyclo-13,14-seco withanolides from Physalis angulata and their antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities","volume":"22","author":"C P Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(02)02829-7","article-title":"Inhibition of macrophage activation and lipopolysaccharide-induced death by seco-steroids purified from Physalis angulata L","volume":"459","author":"M BP Soares","year":"2003","journal-title":"Euro J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2005.09.007","article-title":"Physalins B, F and G, seco-steroids purified from Physalis angulata L., inhibit lymphocyte function and allogeneic transplant rejection","volume":"6","author":"M BP Soares","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1021\/np050225t","article-title":"Physalins from Witheringia solanacea as modulators of the NF-kappaB cascade","volume":"69","author":"N J Jacobo-Herrera","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1021\/np900691w","article-title":"Activity of physalin F in a collagen-induced arthritis model","volume":"73","author":"D Brustolim","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2011.11.016","article-title":"Physalins with anti-inflammatory activity are present in Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii and can function as Michael reaction acceptors","volume":"77","author":"L Ji","year":"2012","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1080\/08923973.2017.1282514","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of physalin E from Physalis angulata on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells through inhibition of NK-\u03baB pathway","volume":"39","author":"Y J Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.01.041","article-title":"Physalin F, a seco-steroid from Physalis angulata L., has immunosuppressive activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with HTLV1-associated myelopathy","volume":"79","author":"L A Pinto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2013.10.013","article-title":"Genotoxicity and antileishmanial activity evaluation of Physalis angulata concentrated ethanolic extract","volume":"36","author":"R C Nogueira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2015.07.004","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo antiparasitic activity of Physalis angulata L. concentrated ethanolic extract against Trypanosoma cruzi","volume":"22","author":"C S Meira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706321","article-title":"Mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effects of the natural secosteroids physalins in a model of intestinal ischaemia and reperfusion injury","volume":"146","author":"A T Vieira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"683","article-title":"Ontogeny and polarization of macrophages in inflammation: blood monocytes versus tissue macrophages","volume":"5","author":"A Dey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a016295","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a016295","article-title":"IL-6 in inflammation, immunity, and disease","volume":"6","author":"T Tanaka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4677","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-0776","article-title":"Interleukin-12: biological properties and clinical application","volume":"13","author":"M D Vecchio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevEukarGeneExpr.v20.i2.10","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 signaling in macrophages","volume":"20","author":"N Parameswaran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"V011770086","article-title":"Nitric oxide and sepsis","volume":"179","author":"L El-Haj","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ugeskr Laeger"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.04.005","article-title":"Physalis angulata extract exerts anti-inflammatory effects in rats by inhibiting different pathways","volume":"118","author":"G N Bastos","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8700","DOI":"10.1039\/C7OB02205K","article-title":"Unprecedented 22,26-seco physalins from Physalis angulata and their anti-inflammatory potential","volume":"15","author":"C P Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Org Biomol Chem"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e40727","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040727","article-title":"Physalin F induces cell apoptosis in human renal carcinoma cells by targeting NF-KappaB and generating reactive oxygen species","volume":"7","author":"Y W Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.02.094","article-title":"Physalin B induces cell cycle arrest and triggers apoptosis in breast cancer cell through modulating p53-dependent apoptotic pathway","volume":"101","author":"A Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2010.09.022","article-title":"Immunosuppression effect of Withangulatin A from Physalis angulata via heme oxygenase 1-dependent pathways","volume":"46","author":"L Sun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Process Biochem"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i3.711","article-title":"Liver enzymes, metabolomics and genome-wide association studies: From systems biology to the personalized medicine","volume":"21","author":"S Sookoian","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2013-0096","article-title":"A systematic review of data on biological variation for alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and y-glutamyl transferase","volume":"51","author":"A Carobene","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(82)90118-X","article-title":"Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [15\u2009N] nitrate in biological fluids","volume":"126","author":"L C Green","year":"1982","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(81)90094-6","article-title":"A simple and effective method to asses murine delayed type hypersensitivity to proteins","volume":"45","author":"R G Titus","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"}],"container-title":["Planta Medica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-1237-4268.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T00:19:16Z","timestamp":1612311556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-1237-4268"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,16]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01\/02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1237-4268","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-0943","1439-0221"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-0943","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0221","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,16]]}}}