{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T18:56:32Z","timestamp":1793904992194,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ziel \u00dcberpr\u00fcfung, ob sich die \u00c4nderung der Kortisolkonzentration im Blut (KoB) von Milchk\u00fchen w\u00e4hrend eines akuten Stressreizes durch die Kortisolkonzentration im Speichel (KoS), in der Tr\u00e4nenfl\u00fcssigkeit (KoTr) und in der Milch (KoM) und die Kortisolmetabolitenkonzentration im Kot (KoK) nachvollziehen l\u00e4sst.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Material und Methoden Bei 10 gesunden Deutsch-Holstein-K\u00fchen diente eine simulierte Klauenbehandlung (sKB) im Durchtreibestand als Modell f\u00fcr eine akute Stresssituation. KoB, KoS, KoTr, KoM sowie KoK wurden einmal t\u00e4glich \u00fcber 10 Tage gemessen. Bei der an Tag 4 durchgef\u00fchrten sKB wurden die KoB und KoTr (Minute 0, 15, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80) und die KoK (Minute 480, 540, 600, 660) bestimmt.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Ergebnisse W\u00e4hrend der sKB stiegen die KoB und KoTr (Maximum zu Minute 60) und fielen anschlie\u00dfend ab. Nach der sKB kam es zu einem Anstieg der KoK (Maximum zu Minute 660). W\u00e4hrend der sKB korrelierten KoB und KoTr sowie KoK und KoTr signifikant und KoK und KoB tendenziell. Im gesamten Verlauf der sKB (Area under the Curve [AUC], Minute 0\u201380) zeigten KoB und KoTr eine signifikante Korrelation (p = 0,04). Die KoB fiel von Tag 1 zu Tag 4 signifikant ab (p &lt; 0,01). An Tag 5 waren KoB (p = 0,03) und KoK (p &lt; 0,01) signifikant h\u00f6her. Der Verlauf der KoS und KoTr (Tag 1\u201310) spiegelte den KoB-Verlauf gut wider. Der Verlauf der KoK wies Parallelen, der von KoM einige Unterschiede zum Verlauf der KoB auf. Deutlich positive Korrelationen ergaben sich f\u00fcr den Zeitraum Tag 1\u201310 im Vergleich von KoB und KoS (p = 0,002) sowie von KoB und KoTr (p = 0,002).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Schlussfolgerungen und klinische Relevanz Die Gewinnung von Tr\u00e4nenfl\u00fcssigkeit und Speichel stellt bei der Bestimmung der Kortisolkonzentration eine Alternative zur invasiven Blutentnahme dar. Ein ruhiger Umgang mit den K\u00fchen f\u00fchrt zu einer geringeren Stressreaktion und kann somit das Tierwohl verbessern.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1261-6583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]],"date-time":"2020-10-20T22:36:51Z","timestamp":1603233411000},"page":"291-300","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Kortisolkonzentration bei Deutsch-Holstein-K\u00fchen vor, w\u00e4hrend und nach der Klauenbehandlung im Durchtreibestand \u2013 Eignung verschiedener Matrizes"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Heinrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Klauentiere, Veterin\u00e4rmedizinische Fakult\u00e4t der Universit\u00e4t Leipzig"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hendrik","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Klauentiere, Veterin\u00e4rmedizinische Fakult\u00e4t der Universit\u00e4t Leipzig"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Fieseler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Klauentiere, Veterin\u00e4rmedizinische Fakult\u00e4t der Universit\u00e4t Leipzig"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wiederk\u00e4uerklinik, Vetsuisse-Fakult\u00e4t der Universit\u00e4t Bern"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jutta","family":"Gottschalk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterin\u00e4r-Physiologisch-Chemisches Institut, Veterin\u00e4rmedizinische Fakult\u00e4t der Universit\u00e4t Leipzig"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almuth","family":"Einspanier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterin\u00e4r-Physiologisch-Chemisches Institut, Veterin\u00e4rmedizinische Fakult\u00e4t der Universit\u00e4t Leipzig"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Spilke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Agrar- und Ern\u00e4hrungswissenschaften, Arbeitsgruppe Biometrie und Agrarinformatik, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t Halle-Wittenberg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Mielenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Agrar- und Ern\u00e4hrungswissenschaften, Arbeitsgruppe Biometrie und Agrarinformatik, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t Halle-Wittenberg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupert","family":"Palme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung f\u00fcr Physiologie, Pathophysiologie und experimentelle Endokrinologie, Veterin\u00e4rmedizinische Universit\u00e4t Wien"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Baumgartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinik f\u00fcr Wiederk\u00e4uer, Veterin\u00e4rmedizinische Universit\u00e4t Wien"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"M\u00f6bius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Tierhygiene und \u00d6ffentliches Veterin\u00e4rwesen, Veterin\u00e4rmedizinische Fakult\u00e4t der Universit\u00e4t Leipzig"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Starke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Klauentiere, Veterin\u00e4rmedizinische Fakult\u00e4t der Universit\u00e4t Leipzig"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.118.1.7","article-title":"Effect of various veterinary procedures on plasma concentrations of cortisol, luteinising hormone and prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolite in the cow","volume":"118","author":"M G Alam","year":"1986","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9090599","article-title":"Effects of Land Transport Stress on Variations in Ruminal Microbe Diversity and Immune Functions in Different Breeds of Cattle","volume":"9","author":"F Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028\u2013014\u20130061\u20133","article-title":"Time lag between peak concentrations of plasma and salivary cortisol following a stressful procedure in dairy cattle","volume":"56","author":"C E Hernandez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.123.8.201","article-title":"Stress in cattle assessed after handling, after transport and after slaughter","volume":"123","author":"G Mitchell","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.2527\/1996.744769x","article-title":"Behavioral and pituitary adrenal-axis responses of dairy cows to social isolation and deprivation of lying down","volume":"74","author":"L Munksgaard","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"93","key":"ref6","first-page":"288","article-title":"Comparison of two methods of fixation during functional claw trimming \u2013 walk-in crush versus tilt table \u2013 in dairy cows using faecal cortisol metabolite concentrations and daily milk yield as parameters","author":"G Pesenhofer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Wien Tierarztl Mschr"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.240.10.1223","article-title":"Effects of xylazine hydrochloride on hormonal, metabolic, and cardiorespiratory stress responses to lateral recumbency and claw trimming in dairy cows","volume":"240","author":"A Rizk","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref8","first-page":"181","article-title":"Der Einfluss verschiedener Methoden der Klauenkorrektur auf den Plasmakortisolspiegel bei der Milchkuh","volume":"84","author":"A Sixt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Wien Tierarztl Mschr"},{"issue":"S 01","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12128","article-title":"Detection of endogenous cortisol in equine tears and blood at rest and after simulated stress","volume":"17","author":"C S Monk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.14573\/altex.1406161","article-title":"Limits to using HPA axis activity as an indication of animal welfare","volume":"32","author":"P Otovic","year":"2015","journal-title":"ALTEX"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022\u20130302 (81)82829\u20139","article-title":"Rapidity of cortisol transfer between blood and milk following adrenocorticotropin injection","volume":"64","author":"S B Termeulen","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2006.12.003","article-title":"Exploration of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function as a tool to evaluate animal welfare","volume":"92","author":"P Mormede","year":"2007","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref13","first-page":"237","article-title":"Measurement of faecal cortisol metabolites in ruminants: a non-invasive parameter of adrenocortical function","volume":"86","author":"R Palme","year":"1999","journal-title":"Wien Tierarztl Mschr"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.2527\/1999.773708x","article-title":"Effects of repeated jugular puncture on plasma cortisol concentrations in loose-housed dairy cows","volume":"77","author":"H Hopster","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref15","first-page":"940","article-title":"A simple procedure to secure an indwelling jugular vein catheter to the neck of cattle for repeated blood sampling","volume":"42","author":"P Zalkovic","year":"2001","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.7120\/09627286.21.3.331","article-title":"Monitoring stress hormone metabolites as a useful, non-invasive tool for welfare assessment in farm animals","volume":"21","author":"R Palme","year":"2012","journal-title":"Animal Welfare"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917\u2013017\u20131090\u20138","article-title":"A. Evaluation of arterial digital blood flow using Doppler ultrasonography in healthy dairy cows","volume":"13","author":"H M\u00fcller","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9213","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018\u201315882","article-title":"Evaluation of arterial digital blood flow in dairy cows with claw horn disruption lesions using Doppler ultrasonography","volume":"102","author":"H M\u00fcller","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2904","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015\u201310109","article-title":"Analysis of behavioral changes in dairy cows associated with claw horn lesions","volume":"99","author":"K Nechanitzky","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref20","volume-title":"Die klinische Untersuchung des Rindes","year":"2012","edition":"3. Aufl."},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Structure and functions of the Claw (Chapter 1) and Trimming (Chapter 3)","author":"E Toussaint Raven","year":"1985","edition":"1st ed."},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"413","article-title":"Technika mistni nitrozilni anestezie na distalnich castech koncetin u skotu (Technik der intraven\u00f6sen lokalen Schmerzausschaltung im distalen Gliedma\u00dfenbereich beim Rind)","volume":"7","author":"A Antalovsky","year":"1965","journal-title":"Vet Med"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3163","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005\u20130080","article-title":"Evidence for ototopical glucocorticoid-induced decrease in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response and liver function","volume":"146","author":"G Abraham","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"192","article-title":"Measurement of cortisol metabolites in faeces of sheep as a parameter of cortisol concentration in blood","volume":"62","author":"R Palme","year":"1997","journal-title":"Z S\u00e4ugetierk"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref25","first-page":"363","article-title":"SAS for Mixed Models","volume":"17","author":"J Roy","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biopharmaceut Statistics"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511810176","volume-title":"Limited-Dependent and Qualitative Variables in Econometrics","author":"G S Maddala","year":"1983"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/78.3.691","article-title":"A Note on a General Definition of the Coefficient of Determination","volume":"78","author":"N JD Nagelkerke","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1006\/anbo.2001.1481","article-title":"Developing Multisite Dynamic Models of Mixed Species Plant Communities","volume":"88","author":"J Connoly","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annals of Botany"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2008.0226x","article-title":"Data Transformation in Statistical Analysis of Field Trials with Changing Treatment Variance","volume":"101","author":"H-P Piepho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Agron J"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.2307\/2533558","article-title":"Small sample inference for fixed effects from restricted maximum likelihood","volume":"53","author":"M G Kenward","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"ref31","volume-title":"Effects of dexamethasone and training on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response on mild stress challenge in dairy cows [Dissertation]","author":"N Khraim","year":"2011"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022\u20130302(04)73324-X","article-title":"Cortisol in saliva and plasma of cattle after ACTH administration and milking","volume":"87","author":"J A Negrao","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022029919000669","article-title":"Comparison of cortisol concentrations in plasma and saliva in dairy cattle following ACTH stimulation","author":"A Riek","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dairy Res"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439\u20130531.2010.01666.x","article-title":"Adrenocortical response in cows after intramuscular injection of long-acting adrenocorticotropic hormone (tetracosactide acetate zinc suspension)","volume":"46","author":"N C Thinh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600020273","article-title":"Characterization of milk cortisol concentrations as a measure of short-term stress responses in lactating dairy cow","author":"G A Verkerk","year":"1998","journal-title":"Animal Welfare"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u2013950X.2007.00257.x","article-title":"Septic arthritis of the distal interphalangeal joint in cattle: comparison of digital amputation and joint resection by solar approach","volume":"36","author":"A Starke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.146.4.108","article-title":"Transport stress in cattle as reflected by an increase in faecal cortisol metabolite concentrations","volume":"146","author":"R Palme","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2018.11.021","article-title":"Non-invasive measurement of glucocorticoids: Advances and problems","volume":"199","author":"R Palme","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2357","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2015\u20130260","article-title":"Suitability of saliva cortisol as a biomarker for hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation assessment, effects of feeding actions, and immunostimulatory challenges in dairy cows","volume":"94","author":"A-C Schwinn","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3206","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022\u20130302(02)74409\u20133","article-title":"Stress responses during milking; comparing conventional and automatic milking in primiparous dairy cows","volume":"85","author":"H Hopster","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168\u20131591(00)00177\u20135","article-title":"Some effects of repeated handling and the use of a mask on stress responses in zebu cattle during restraint","volume":"71","author":"O Andrade","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-154-39714","article-title":"Milk and plasma glucocorticoid alterations after injections of hydrocortisone and adrenocorticotropin","volume":"154","author":"F C Gwazdauskas","year":"1977","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917\u2013015\u20130572\u20139","article-title":"Factors affecting milk cortisol in mid lactating dairy cows","volume":"11","author":"S Sgorlon","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"}],"container-title":["Tier\u00e4rztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Gro\u00dftiere \/ Nutztiere"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-1261-6583.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T06:39:14Z","timestamp":1696919954000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-1261-6583"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"05","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1261-6583","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-1220","2567-5834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-1220","type":"print"},{"value":"2567-5834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}}}