{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T14:03:43Z","timestamp":1774620223477,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]],"date-time":"2020-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endosc Int Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background and study aims\u2002Fluoroscopy-guided gastrointestinal procedures (FGPs) are increasingly common. However, the radiation exposure (RE) to patients undergoing FGPs is still unclear. We examined the actual RE of FGPs.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Patients and methods\u2002This retrospective, single-center cohort study included consecutive FGPs, including endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), interventional endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), enteral stenting, balloon-assisted enteroscopy, tube placement, endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS), esophageal balloon dilatation and repositioning for sigmoid volvulus, from September 2012 to June 2019. We measured the air kerma (AK, mGy), dose area product (DAP, Gycm2), and fluoroscopy time (FT, min) for each procedure.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2002In total, 3831 patients were enrolled. Overall, 2778 ERCPs were performed. The median AK, DAP, and FT were as follows: ERCP: 109\u200amGy, 13.3\u200aGycm2 and 10.0\u200amin; self-expandable enteral stenting (SEMS): 62\u200amGy, 12.4\u00a0Gycm2 and 10.4\u200amin; tube placement: 40\u200amGy, 13.8\u00a0Gycm2 and 11.1 min; balloon-assisted enteroscopy: 43\u00a0mGy, 22.4\u200aGycm2 and 18.2\u200amin; EUS cyst drainage (EUS-CD): 96\u200amGy, 18.3\u200aGycm2 and 10.4\u200amin; EIS: 36\u200amGy, 8.1\u00a0Gycm2 and 4.4\u200amin; esophageal balloon dilatation: 9\u00a0mGy, 2.2\u200aGycm2 and 1.8\u200amin; and repositioning for sigmoid volvulus: 7\u200amGy, 4.7\u200aGycm2 and 1.6\u200amin.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2002This large series reporting actual RE doses of various FGPs could serve as a reference for future prospective studies.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1287-9066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,28]],"date-time":"2020-11-28T00:11:23Z","timestamp":1606522283000},"page":"E1872-E1877","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Radiation exposure dose of fluoroscopy-guided gastrointestinal procedures: A single-center retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"08","author":[{"given":"Shiro","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Hayashi Clinic, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Nishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Kuriki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-sa","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Aochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emi","family":"Meren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Higaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoto","family":"Osugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaori","family":"Mukai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kengo","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dai","family":"Nakamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahi","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Fukui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mamoru","family":"Takenaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Hosono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, 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