{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:43:35Z","timestamp":1791989015763,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Z Orthop Unfall"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fokale Knorpelsch\u00e4den gehen mit Schwellung, Funktionsverlust der betroffenen Gelenke und starker Schmerzsymptomatik einher. Zudem werden sie mit der Entstehung einer sp\u00e4teren Arthrose in Verbindung gebracht. Oftmals betroffen sind hierbei junge, sportlich aktive Patienten, die einen hohen funktionellen Anspruch haben. Die Behandlungsm\u00f6glichkeiten des Orthop\u00e4den in Bezug auf knorpelregenerative Therapiem\u00f6glichkeiten an Knie, H\u00fcfte, Schulter, Ellenbogen und Sprunggelenk sind mannigfaltig.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1302-8636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T23:05:26Z","timestamp":1620774326000},"page":"459-475","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Operative Knorpeltherapie aktuell"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"159","author":[{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Hinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas B.","family":"Imhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504273510","article-title":"Cartilage restoration, part 1: basic science, historical perspective, patient evaluation, and treatment options","volume":"33","author":"J W Alford","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12166","article-title":"The quality of healing: articular cartilage","volume":"22","author":"A H Gomoll","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regenerat"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1998.28.4.192","article-title":"Articular cartilage: injuries and potential for healing","volume":"28","author":"J A Buckwalter","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-5-200009050-00007","article-title":"Joint injury in young adults and risk for subsequent knee and hip osteoarthritis","volume":"133","author":"A C Gelber","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.03.036","article-title":"Call for standardized definitions of osteoarthritis and risk stratification for clinical trials and clinical use","volume":"23","author":"V B Kraus","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2010.0949","article-title":"Painful bone marrow edema syndrome of the foot and ankle","volume":"31","author":"J D Orr","year":"2010","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00142-019-0275-5","article-title":"Pr\u00e4operative Patientenevaluation","volume":"32","author":"P M Jungmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthroskopie"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s43205-020-00041-4","article-title":"Standards und aktuelle Trends bei der Behandlung von Knorpelsch\u00e4den am Kniegelenk","volume":"2","author":"P Niemeyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Knie J"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200300002-00008","article-title":"Evaluation of cartilage injuries and repair","volume":"85","author":"M Brittberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517695088","article-title":"Age is not a contraindication for cartilage surgery: a critical analysis of standardized outcomes at long-term follow-up","volume":"45","author":"G Filardo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509352157","article-title":"Focal cartilage defects in the knee impair quality of life as much as severe osteoarthritis: a comparison of knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score in 4 patient categories scheduled for knee surgery","volume":"38","author":"S Heir","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21148","article-title":"Association of cartilage defects with loss of knee cartilage in healthy, middle-age adults: a prospective study","volume":"52","author":"F Cicuttini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2016.01.017","article-title":"Correlation between histological outcome and surgical cartilage repair technique in the knee: a meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"A C DiBartola","year":"2016","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198264030-00022","article-title":"The response of articular cartilage to mechanical injury","volume":"64","author":"H J Mankin","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.1999.0242","article-title":"Arthroscopic subchondral bone plate microfracture technique augments healing of large chondral defects in the radial carpal bone and medial femoral condyle of horses","volume":"28","author":"D Frisbie","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2016.06.015","article-title":"Microfracture for the treatment of cartilage defects in the knee joint\u2013A golden standard?","volume":"7","author":"C Erggelet","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603514529445","article-title":"Autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis in the knee: a review","volume":"5","author":"Y HD Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S1048-6666(01)80019-7","article-title":"The technique of microfracture for the treatment of articular cartilage defects in the knee","volume":"11","author":"T J Gill","year":"2001","journal-title":"Op Tech Orthop"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-013-2676-8","article-title":"Long-term results after microfracture treatment for full-thickness knee chondral lesions in athletes","volume":"22","author":"A Gobbi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507311095","article-title":"Characterized chondrocyte implantation results in better structural repair when treating symptomatic cartilage defects of the knee in a randomized controlled trial versus microfracture","volume":"36","author":"D B Saris","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.11138\/jts\/2016.4.2.087","article-title":"Subchondral bone remodeling: comparing nanofracture with microfracture. An ovine in vivo study","volume":"4","author":"P Zedde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Joints"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511425651","article-title":"Clinical outcome of autologous chondrocyte implantation for failed microfracture treatment of full-thickness cartilage defects of the knee joint","volume":"40","author":"J M Pestka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199410063311401","article-title":"Treatment of deep cartilage defects in the knee with autologous chondrocyte transplantation","volume":"331","author":"M Brittberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00142-018-0248-0","article-title":"Knorpeltherapie: Wie ist die Evidenz?","volume":"31","author":"S Fickert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthroskopie"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513506593","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after first-generation autologous chondrocyte implantation for cartilage defects of the knee","volume":"42","author":"P Niemeyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-020-06148-5","article-title":"Third generation autologous chondrocyte implantation is a good treatment option for athletic persons","author":"T R Niethammer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-015-9299-2","article-title":"Osteochondral autografts","volume":"8","author":"S Patil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2005.06.018","article-title":"A prospective randomized clinical study of mosaic osteochondral autologous transplantation versus microfracture for the treatment of osteochondral defects in the knee joint in young athletes","volume":"21","author":"R Gudas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509360405","article-title":"Clinical experiences with autologous osteochondral mosaicplasty in an athletic population: a 17-year prospective multicenter study","volume":"38","author":"L Hangody","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2013.01.001","article-title":"Results at 10 to 14 years after osteochondral autografting (mosaicplasty) in articular cartilage defects in the knee","volume":"20","author":"E Solheim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3069","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517717679","article-title":"Clinical and radiological regeneration of large and deep osteochondral defects of the knee by bone augmentation combined with matrix-guided autologous chondrocyte transplantation","volume":"45","author":"J Zellner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.17.00125","article-title":"Biomechanical consequences of meniscal tear, partial meniscectomy, and meniscal repair in the knee","volume":"6","author":"B C Lau","year":"2018","journal-title":"JBJS Rev"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510364402","article-title":"The effect of medial versus lateral meniscectomy on the stability of the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee","volume":"38","author":"V Musahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510364052","article-title":"Long-term outcome after arthroscopic meniscal repair versus arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for traumatic meniscal tears","volume":"38","author":"T Stein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508315471","article-title":"High tibial osteotomy for unloading osteochondral defects in the medial compartment of the knee","volume":"36","author":"C Mina","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-012-1637-x","article-title":"A non-randomized controlled clinical trial on autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) in cartilage defects of the medial femoral condyle with or without high tibial osteotomy in patients with varus deformity of less than 5\u00b0","volume":"133","author":"G Bode","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.84B7.0841075","article-title":"Intraoperative measurement of knee kinematics in reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament","volume":"84","author":"A Bull","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3095-1","article-title":"The role of the deep medial collateral ligament in controlling rotational stability of the knee","volume":"23","author":"E Cavaignac","year":"2015","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1381961","article-title":"Anterior cruciate ligament and medial collateral ligament injuries","volume":"27","author":"M Bollier","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.13003","article-title":"Comparison in knee osteoarthritis joint damage patterns among individuals with an intact, complete and partial anterior cruciate ligament rupture","volume":"20","author":"V L Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200203000-00011","article-title":"Posterior cruciate ligament injuries","volume":"14","author":"C R Allen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"293","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of posterior cruciate ligament injuries","volume":"6","author":"D R McAllister","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516687549","article-title":"Traumatic patellar dislocation and cartilage injury: a follow-up study of long-term cartilage deterioration","volume":"45","author":"E E Salonen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-012-2493-3","article-title":"Prevalence of cartilage lesions and early osteoarthritis in patients with patellar dislocation","volume":"22","author":"B Vollnberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0160(00)00038-7","article-title":"Medial patellofemoral ligament restraint in lateral patellar translation and reconstruction","volume":"7","author":"E Nomura","year":"2000","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0b013e318053eb74","article-title":"Current concepts on anatomy and biomechanics of patellar stability","volume":"15","author":"A A Amis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sports Med Arthrosc Rev"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"1749","article-title":"Patella alta: association with patellofemoral alignment and changes in contact area during weight-bearing","volume":"89","author":"S R Ward","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-013-2603-z","article-title":"Combined trochleoplasty and MPFL reconstruction for treatment of chronic patellofemoral instability: a prospective minimum 2-year follow-up study","volume":"22","author":"I J Banke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2005.06.003","article-title":"The tibial tuberosity\u2013trochlear groove distance; a comparative study between CT and MRI scanning","volume":"13","author":"P B Schoettle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3572","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-018-5000-9","article-title":"Combined distal femoral osteotomy (DFO) in genu valgum leads to reliable patellar stabilization and an improvement in knee function","volume":"26","author":"J Frings","year":"2018","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2328","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-018-5165-2","article-title":"Distal femoral torsional osteotomy increases the contact pressure of the medial patellofemoral joint in biomechanical analysis","volume":"27","author":"F Liska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1632376","article-title":"Anterior knee pain in children and adolescents: overview and management","volume":"31","author":"S Slotkin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967117706057","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967117706057","article-title":"Return to preoperative function after autologous cartilage implantation of the knee in active military servicemembers","volume":"5","author":"N J Zarkadis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.06.041","article-title":"Indications and outcomes for microfracture as an adjunct to hip arthroscopy for treatment of chondral defects in patients with femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review","volume":"32","author":"A E MacDonald","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512465400","article-title":"Microfracture for acetabular chondral defects in patients with femoroacetabular impingement: results at second-look arthroscopic surgery","volume":"40","author":"S Karthikeyan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519845346","article-title":"Is microfracture necessary? Acetabular chondrolabral debridement\/abrasion demonstrates similar outcomes and survival to microfracture in hip arthroscopy: a multicenter analysis","volume":"47","author":"M Hevesi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1051\/sicotj\/2017037","article-title":"Arthroscopic autologous chondrocyte implantation in the hip for the treatment of full-thickness cartilage defects: A case series of 29 patients and review of the literature","volume":"3","author":"S Thier","year":"2017","journal-title":"SICOT J"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2011.08.304","article-title":"Arthroscopic treatment of hip chondral defects: autologous chondrocyte transplantation versus simple debridement \u2013 a pilot study","volume":"28","author":"A Fontana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967118776944","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118776944","article-title":"Outcomes of joint preservation procedures for cartilage injuries in the hip: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"M O\u02bcConnor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1093\/jhps\/hnw007","article-title":"The biology and clinical evidence of microfracture in hip preservation surgery","volume":"3","author":"C J Green","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hip Preservat Surg"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.93B8.26065","article-title":"Arthroscopic treatment of labral tears in femoroacetabular impingement: a comparative study of refixation and resection with a minimum two-year follow-up","volume":"93","author":"E Schilders","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2009.11.016","article-title":"Effect of acetabular labral tears, repair and resection on hip cartilage strain: a 7T MR study","volume":"43","author":"L L Greaves","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000096804.78689.c2","article-title":"Femoroacetabular impingement: a cause for osteoarthritis of the hip","volume":"417","author":"R Ganz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2009.10.017","article-title":"Glenohumeral joint preservation: current options for managing articular cartilage lesions in young, active patients","volume":"26","author":"F Elser","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(97)90123-7","article-title":"The incidence of glenohumeral joint abnormalities associated with full-thickness, reparable rotator cuff tears","volume":"13","author":"G M Gartsman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(00)90125-7","article-title":"Arthroscopic findings in the overhand throwing athlete: evidence for posterior internal impingement of the rotator cuff","volume":"16","author":"K J Paley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2261012090","article-title":"Articular cartilage lesions of the glenohumeral joint: diagnostic effectiveness of MR arthrography and prevalence in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome","volume":"226","author":"D V Guntern","year":"2003","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref68","first-page":"e147","article-title":"Transplantation of a tibial osteochondral allograft to restore a large glenoid osteochondral defect","volume":"38","author":"C L Camp","year":"2015","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2005.10.008","article-title":"Arthroscopic osteochondral autograft transfer in the treatment of an osteochondral defect of the humeral head: report of one case","volume":"15","author":"T-S Park","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e63","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.CC.17.00003","article-title":"Arthroscopic osteochondral autograft transfer for juvenile osteochondritis dissecans of the humeral head: a case report","volume":"7","author":"T T Pham","year":"2017","journal-title":"JBJS Case Connect"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2010.03.006","article-title":"Postsurgical glenohumeral anchor arthropathy treated with a fresh distal tibia allograft to the glenoid and a fresh allograft to the humeral head","volume":"19","author":"M T Provencher","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(97)90038-0","article-title":"Osteochondritis dissecans of the humeral head: treatment with a matched osteochondral allograft","volume":"6","author":"D L Johnson","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.07.030","article-title":"Early clinical and structural results after autologous chondrocyte transplantation at the glenohumeral joint","volume":"21","author":"S Buchmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509350304","article-title":"Clinical outcomes after microfracture of the glenohumeral joint","volume":"38","author":"R M Frank","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2009.02.009","article-title":"Outcomes of full-thickness articular cartilage injuries of the shoulder treated with microfracture","volume":"25","author":"P J Millett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref76","first-page":"227","volume-title":"Cartilage Defects","author":"J Mehl","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.07.030","article-title":"Autologous chondrocyte implantation for treatment of focal articular cartilage defects of the humeral head","volume":"29","author":"E Boehm","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s00132-010-1682-5","article-title":"Arthroskopische M\u00f6glichkeiten biorekonstruktiver Verfahren bei Knorpelsch\u00e4den der Schulter","volume":"40","author":"I Banke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Orthop\u00e4de"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.91B4.21838","article-title":"Osteochondral autologous transplantation for the treatment of full-thickness cartilage defects of the shoulder: results at nine years","volume":"91","author":"J Kircher","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.86B7.14941","article-title":"Osteochondral autologous transplantation for the treatment of full-thickness articular cartilage defects of the shoulder","volume":"86","author":"M Scheibel","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514562547","article-title":"Primary partial humeral head resurfacing: outcomes with the HemiCAP implant","volume":"43","author":"S J Sweet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2012.05.013","article-title":"Frequency of glenoid chondral lesions on MR arthrography in patients with anterior shoulder instability","volume":"81","author":"J O\u02bcBrien","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.01386","article-title":"Risk factors for chondrolysis of the glenohumeral joint: a study of three hundred and seventy-five shoulder arthroscopic procedures in the practice of an individual community surgeon","volume":"93","author":"B P Wiater","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967116635515","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967116635515","article-title":"The incidence of surgery in osteochondritis dissecans in children and adolescents","volume":"4","author":"J M Weiss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2009.10.022","article-title":"Risk factors for elbow injuries among young baseball players","volume":"19","author":"M Harada","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505282620","article-title":"Osteochondral autograft transplantation for osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow in juvenile baseball players: minimum 2-year follow-up","volume":"34","author":"Y Yamamoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280011401","article-title":"Operative treatment of ulnar collateral ligament injuries of the elbow in athletes","volume":"28","author":"F M Azar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658501300402","article-title":"Biomechanics of baseball pitching: a preliminary report","volume":"13","author":"A M Pappas","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199211000-00020","article-title":"Osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow: a long-term follow-up study","volume":"284","author":"M Bauer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Related Res"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-005-0623-z","article-title":"Arthroscopic treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum","volume":"14","author":"H C Brownlow","year":"2006","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517704842","article-title":"Clinical outcome after arthroscopic debridement and microfracture for osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum","volume":"45","author":"R Bexkens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511420127","article-title":"Osteochondral transplantation in the elbow leads to good clinical and radiologic long-term results: an 8- to 14-year follow-up examination","volume":"39","author":"S Vogt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-017-2654-6","article-title":"Risk factors for cartilage damage and osteoarthritis of the elbow joint: case-control study and systematic literature review","volume":"137","author":"G Spahn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2010.0090","article-title":"Current concept review: osteochondral lesions of the talus","volume":"31","author":"P J McGahan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V37N1p63","article-title":"Osteochondral lesions of the talus","volume":"37","author":"K T Chew","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annals Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509336336","article-title":"Current concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of osteochondral lesions of the ankle","volume":"38","author":"P F O\u02bcLoughlin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-7515(03)00040-8","article-title":"Osteochondral autologous transfer system","volume":"8","author":"M E Easley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3061-y","article-title":"Comparison of chondral versus osteochondral lesions of the talus after arthroscopic microfracture","volume":"23","author":"H-W Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aott.2019.04.002","article-title":"One step treatment of talus osteochondral lesions with microfracture and cell free hyaluronic acid based scaffold combination","volume":"53","author":"N S Yontar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514535186","article-title":"Osteochondral autologous transplantation is superior to repeat arthroscopy for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus after failed primary arthroscopic treatment","volume":"42","author":"H S Yoon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512472979","article-title":"Arthroscopic bone marrow stimulation techniques for osteochondral lesions of the talus: prognostic factors for small lesions","volume":"41","author":"I Yoshimura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514535068","article-title":"Double-plug autologous osteochondral transplantation shows equal functional outcomes compared with single-plug procedures in lesions of the talar dome: a minimum 5-year clinical follow-up","volume":"42","author":"A M Haleem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640014543362","article-title":"Osteochondral lesions of the talus: a current concepts review and evidence-based treatment paradigm","volume":"7","author":"I Savage-Elliott","year":"2014","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Spec"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/BTF.0b013e31820b4c2f","article-title":"Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) as a biological adjunct to the surgical treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus","volume":"10","author":"C D Murawski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Techn Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603511400726","article-title":"The treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus with autologous osteochondral transplantation and bone marrow aspirate concentrate: surgical technique","volume":"2","author":"J G Kennedy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510397726","article-title":"Osteochondral transplantation of the talus: long-term clinical and magnetic resonance imaging evaluation","volume":"39","author":"A B Imhoff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511435084","article-title":"Sports activity after osteochondral transplantation of the talus","volume":"40","author":"J Paul","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513476671","article-title":"Reconstruction of osteochondral lesions of the talus with autologous spongiosa grafts and autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis","volume":"41","author":"V Valderrabano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640011416355","article-title":"Associated intra-articular ankle pathologies in patients with chronic lateral ankle instability: arthroscopic findings at the time of lateral ankle reconstruction","volume":"4","author":"J Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Spec"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967119853773","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119853773","article-title":"One-step autologous minced cartilage procedure for the treatment of knee joint chondral and osteochondral lesions: a series of 27 patients with 2-year follow-up","volume":"7","author":"F K Massen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31658-0","article-title":"Nasal chondrocyte-based engineered autologous cartilage tissue for repair of articular cartilage defects: an observational first-in-human trial","volume":"388","author":"M Mumme","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-019-05688-9","article-title":"Good mid-term outcomes after adipose-derived culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cells implantation in knee focal cartilage defects","volume":"28","author":"T Kyriakidis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"}],"container-title":["Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Orthop\u00e4die und Unfallchirurgie"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-1302-8636.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T01:43:53Z","timestamp":1672105433000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-1302-8636"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"references-count":112,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1302-8636","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1864-6697","1864-6743"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1864-6697","type":"print"},{"value":"1864-6743","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]}}}