{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T03:21:14Z","timestamp":1764904874127},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hamostaseologie."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by a significant reduction in the number of circulating platelets and frequently associated with bleeding. Although the pathogenesis of ITP is still not completely elucidated, it is largely recognized that the low platelet count observed in ITP patients is due to multiple alterations of the immune system leading to increased platelet destruction as well as impaired thrombopoiesis. The clinical manifestations and patients' response to different treatments are very heterogeneous suggesting that ITP is a group of disorders sharing common characteristics, namely, loss of immune tolerance toward platelet (and megakaryocyte) antigens and dysfunctional primary hemostasis. Management of ITP is challenging and requires intensive communication between patients and caregivers. The decision to initiate treatment should be based on the platelet count level, age of the patient, bleeding manifestation, and other factors that influence the bleeding risk in individual patients. In this review, we present recent data on the mechanisms that lead to platelet destruction in ITP with a particular focus on current findings concerning alterations of thrombopoiesis. In addition, we give an insight into the efficacy and safety of current therapies and management of ITP bleeding emergencies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1311-8264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T00:18:32Z","timestamp":1608596312000},"page":"275-282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["New Developments in the Pathophysiology and Management of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Karina","family":"Althaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty of T\u00fcbingen, University Hospital of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Faul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamam","family":"Bakchoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty of T\u00fcbingen, University Hospital of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-06-225565","article-title":"International consensus report on the investigation and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia","volume":"115","author":"D Provan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4190","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-08-302984","article-title":"The American Society of Hematology 2011 evidence-based practice guideline for immune thrombocytopenia","volume":"117","author":"C Neunert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3308","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-05-578336","article-title":"Epidemiology of incident immune thrombocytopenia: a nationwide population-based study in France","volume":"124","author":"G Moulis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3829","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019000966","article-title":"American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for immune thrombocytopenia","volume":"3","author":"C Neunert","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26736","article-title":"Predictors of remission in children with newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia: data from the Intercontinental Cooperative ITP Study Group Registry II participants","volume":"65","author":"C M Bennett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12480","article-title":"Cellular immune dysfunction in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)","volume":"163","author":"C G McKenzie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1965.tb18984.x","article-title":"Similarities between known antiplatelet antibodies and the factor responsible for thrombocytopenia in idiopathic purpura. 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