{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T10:24:50Z","timestamp":1782210290274,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background Trace elements are assumed to be involved in glaucoma pathogenesis via changes in oxidative stress. Especially serum selenium (Se) has been linked to this\n\t\t\t\t\tneurodegenerative disease. Serum Se levels differ between countries due to nutrition and ethnicity. It was the aim of the present study to investigate serum Se levels in primary open-angle\n\t\t\t\t\tglaucoma (POAG) patients and controls in Germany and to consider potential age and gender effects.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Material and Methods The Se concentration of 39 serum samples (22 patients with POAG, 17 controls) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometry\n\t\t\t\t\t(ICP-sf-MS) in high resolution mode. Covariance and percentile regression were analyzed. Age and gender were defined as confounding factors and their different trends were investigated.\n\t\t\t\t\tMoreover, age was examined across different quantiles of Se levels.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results Total serum least-squares means (LS-means) Se levels were 132.02\u2009\u00b5g\/L (controls) and 134.86\u2009\u00b5g\/L (POAG). Total serum Se levels did not differ between the study groups\n\t\t\t\t\t(p\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Significant age and gender effects of serum Se were observed. Quantile analysis showed that the 1st serum Se quantile decreased with increasing age in POAG patients in\n\t\t\t\t\tcontrast to controls. The odds ratios of the 1st serum Se were 1.3 (with 2nd quantile) and 1.3 (with 3rd quantile), respectively.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion The serum Se level of the German cohort was almost half of those of the published US cohort (glaucoma 209.11\u2009ng\/mL; control 194.45\u2009ng\/mL). Age and gender effects were\n\t\t\t\t\tobserved; the serum Se level increased with age in women (controls and POAG), however, Se levels decreased with age in men (controls and POAG).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1333-2816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T00:20:16Z","timestamp":1613780416000},"page":"326-330","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Serum Selenium Levels in Glaucoma: a Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"239","author":[{"given":"Marianna","family":"Lucio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen \u2013 German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Fick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Michalke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen \u2013 German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Laemmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sami","family":"Hosari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Hohberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"S 02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2007.08.010","article-title":"What is the link between vascular dysregulation and glaucoma?","volume":"52","author":"M C Grieshaber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2019.02.006","article-title":"Levels of serum trace elements in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"53","author":"A Fick","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.05.012","article-title":"From DNA damage to functional changes of the trabecular meshwork in aging and glaucoma","volume":"29","author":"S C Sacca","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ageing Res 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