{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T10:50:21Z","timestamp":1771671021761,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"08","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Purpose To evaluate the effect of IPL (intense pulsed light) treatment in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods Clinical data of 25 patients with MGD who underwent IPL treatment at the department of ophthalmology of Ludwig-Maximilians-University between 2016 and 2018 were analyzed. Demographics, clinical history, examination findings (eyelid vascularization, meibomian gland findings, conjunctival redness, tear film break-up time [TFBUT], corneal staining (Oxford grading scale [OGS]), and subjective patients\u02bc findings (including ocular surface disease index [OSDI]) were collected from each visit (D1, D15, D45, D75).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results All included patients underwent three sessions of IPL treatment in both eyes (D1, D15, D45). There was a significant improvement after IPL treatment (D75) in TFBUT (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), corneal staining (OGS) (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), conjunctival redness (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), lid margin edema (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and redness (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), meibum quality (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), lid margin telangiectasia (p\u2009=\u20090.005), meibomian gland obstruction (p\u2009=\u20090.001), and OSDI score (p\u2009=\u20090.004). Even after the first IPL session, significant improvements in TFBUT (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), corneal staining (OGS p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), conjunctival redness (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.022), lid margin edema (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and redness (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.016), meibum quality (p\u2009=\u20090.014), and OSDI score (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.013) were noted. There were no relevant negative side effects. Subgroup analysis for age, sex, duration or severity of disease, and associated diagnosis of rosacea showed no significant difference in effectiveness.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion IPL is an effective and safe treatment for patients with MGD, which can be used as a supportive therapeutic option.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1333-3032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T23:54:05Z","timestamp":1612482845000},"page":"893-898","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of IPL in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"238","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Schuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Muth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Shajari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8891-4875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang J.","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siegfried","family":"Priglinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Messmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, 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