{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T08:42:46Z","timestamp":1767861766579,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endosc Int Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background and study aims\u2002Hemostatic powders have emerged recently to treat upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Previously, we developed a novel self-propelling thrombin powder (SPTP) that effectively manages external pulsatile arterial bleed without compression, by effervescing and carrying thrombin into the wound. Here, we tested if SPTP, sprayed endoscopically, can manage severe UGIB in a live porcine model.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and methods\u2002Anesthetized pigs underwent laparotomy to insert the gastroepiploic vascular bundles into the stomach lumen via a gastrotomy. Bleeding was initiated endoscopically in the stomach by needle knife. SPTP was delivered to the site of bleeding from a CO2-powered spray device using a 7 FR catheter. Successful primary hemostasis, time to hemostasis, and the mass of SPTP delivered were measured.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2002Hemostasis was achieved at all bleeding sites using SPTP. Mean time to hemostasis was 4.2\u200a\u00b1\u200a0.9 minutes (mean\u200a\u00b1\u200astandard error of the mean, n\u200a=\u200a12). The average mass of SPTP delivered was 2.4\u200a\u00b1\u200a0.6\u200ag.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions\u2002In this pilot study, SPTP successfully stopped 12 cases of severe UGIB, demonstrating early promise asa novel hemostatic powder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1374-5839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T00:17:52Z","timestamp":1619137072000},"page":"E693-E698","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding is halted by endoscopically delivered self-propelling thrombin powder: A porcine pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"09","author":[{"given":"Nabil","family":"Ali-Mohamad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of British Columbia \u2013 Michael Smith Laboratories, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Cau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of British Columbia \u2013 Michael Smith Laboratories, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"The University of British Columbia \u2013 School of Biomedical Engineering, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Baylis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of British Columbia \u2013 Michael Smith Laboratories, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"The University of British Columbia \u2013 School of Biomedical Engineering, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Zenova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of British Columbia \u2013 Michael Smith Laboratories, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugh","family":"Semple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense Research and Development Canada Suffield Research Centre \u2013 Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Beckett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine \u2013 Department of Surgery, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"McFadden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine \u2013 Department of Surgery, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fergal","family":"Donnellan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine \u2013 Division of Gastroenterology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Kastrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of British Columbia \u2013 Michael Smith Laboratories, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd006613.pub3","article-title":"Red cell transfusion for the management of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage","author":"V Jairath","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)30206-1","article-title":"Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"77","author":"P K 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