{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T14:40:27Z","timestamp":1780929627703,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","funder":[{"name":"financially supported by the statutory funds from\n                    the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective Diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism in pregnancy is\n                    complicated due to lack of reference ranges for aldosterone, renin and\n                    aldosterone-to-renin ratio. We have endeavoured to establish third-trimester\n                    reference ranges for the above-mentioned parameters.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Design &amp; Patients We performed postural tests for aldosterone and\n                    renin (chemiluminescence immunoassay Liason\u00ae DiaSorin Inc., Italy) in 70\n                    healthy pregnant women (age 30.53\u00b14.51 years), at 32.38\u00b14.25\n                    weeks of gestation and in 22 non-pregnant healthy women (age 33.08\u00b18.72\n                    years).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results Aldosterone reference ranges were\n                    6.51\u201373.97\u2009ng\/dl and\n                    12.33\u201386.38\u2009ng\/dl, for supine and upright positions,\n                    respectively and that for renin were 6.25\u201359.36 \u00b5IU\/ml\n                    and 11.12\u201382.55 \u00b5IU\/ml, respectively. Aldosterone and\n                    renin concentrations were higher in an upright position (p=0.000459 and\n                    p=0.00011, respectively). In contrast, aldosterone-to-renin ratio was\n                    not affected by posture (i.\u2009e.\n                    0.497\u20133.084\u2009ng\/dl\/\u00b5IU\/ml versus\n                    0.457\u20133.06\u2009ng\/dl\/\u00b5IU\/ml,\n                    p=0.12), but was higher (p=0.00081) than in non-pregnant\n                    controls. In comparison to manufacturer-provided non-pregnant reference range,\n                    supine aldosterone concentrations increased by 556% (lower cut-off) and\n                    313% (upper cut-off), while upright aldosterone concentrations increased\n                    by 558% (lower cut-off) and 244% (upper cut-off). The reference\n                    range for supine renin concentrations increased by 223% (lower cut-off)\n                    and 48.7% (upper cut-off), while upright renin concentrations increased\n                    by 253% (lower cut-off) and 79% (upper cut-off).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions There is an upward shift in aldosterone and renin reference\n                    ranges in the third-trimester of pregnancy accompanied by an increase in an\n                    aldosterone-to-renin ratio, that is not influenced by posture. It remains to be\n                    established whether the aldosterone-to-renin ratio may be used as a screening\n                    tool for primary hyperaldosteronism in pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1467-2161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T23:54:55Z","timestamp":1643932495000},"page":"210-216","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Establishing Reference Ranges for Aldosterone, Renin and\n                    Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio for Women in the Third-Trimester of\n                    Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Krzysztof C.","family":"Lewandowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University\n                    of Lodz, Lodz, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish\n                    Mother's Memorial Hospital - Research Institute, Lodz,\n                    Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Tadros-Zins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Gynaecology; Polish\n                    Mother\u2019s Memorial Hospital - Research Institute, Lodz,\n                    Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Horzelski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Universisty of Lodz,\n                    Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariusz","family":"Grzesiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Gynaecology; Polish\n                    Mother\u2019s Memorial Hospital - Research Institute, Lodz,\n                    Poland"},{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2nd Chair of Gynaecology and\n                    Obstetrics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Lewinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University\n                    of Lodz, Lodz, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish\n                    Mother's Memorial Hospital - Research Institute, Lodz,\n                    Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.112905","article-title":"Mild gestational hypertension remote from term: Progression and outcome","volume":"184","author":"J R Barton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-015-0563-z","article-title":"Secondary hypertension in pregnancy","volume":"17","author":"L Malha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.xxxivs065","article-title":"The evolution of primary aldosteronism from 1954 to 1960","volume":"34","author":"J W Conn","year":"1960","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol Suppl (Copenh)"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200405000-00001","article-title":"The current epidemic of primary aldosteronism: causes and consequences","volume":"22","author":"N Kaplan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hyperten"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08952","article-title":"Continuum of renin-independent aldosteronism in normotension","volume":"69","author":"R Baudrand","year":"2017","journal-title":"hypertension. 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Res"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-021-00621-5.","article-title":"Eplerenone levels in maternal serum, cord blood, and breast milk during\n                    pregnancy and lactation","author":"J Saito","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R23","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-14-0444","article-title":"Progress in primary aldosteronism: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and\n                    management of primary aldosteronism in pregnancy","volume":"172","author":"A Riester","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8647026","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8647026","article-title":"Age-related cut-offs of plasma aldosterone\/renin concentrations for\n                    primary aldosteronism screening","volume":"2018","author":"L Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-1467-2161.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T23:33:29Z","timestamp":1651102409000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-1467-2161"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1467-2161","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0947-7349","1439-3646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0947-7349","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3646","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]]}}}