{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T05:19:54Z","timestamp":1776921594468,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endosc Int Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background and study aims\u2002A novel technique for Barrett\u2019s esophagus (BE) ablation, termed hybrid APC, has recently been developed. The aims of this US pilot study were to evaluate the efficacy, tolerance and safety of hybrid APC for the treatment of BE.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Patients and methods\u2002Patients with biopsy-proven BE referred to our tertiary care center over a 12-month period for mucosal ablation were eligible for this study. Efficacy of ablation was measured on follow-up endoscopy by demonstrating either a reduction of visible BE or biopsies proving complete resolution of intestinal metaplasia (CRIM). To evaluate tolerance and safety, patients were called on post-procedure days 1 and 7.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2002Twenty-two patients with BE (4.5\u200a% intramucosal carcinoma, 31.8\u200a% high-grade dysplasia, 18.1\u200a% low-grade dysplasia, 36.3\u200a% non-dysplastic, 9.1\u200a% indefinite for dysplasia) underwent 40 treatments with hybrid APC. All patients had endoscopic improvement of BE disease and 19 of 22 patients (86.4\u200a%) achieved CRIM. With regard to tolerance, average pain scores (0 to 10 scale) on follow-up were 2.65 and 0.62 on days 1 and 7, respectively. With regards to safety, there were two treatment-related strictures (9.1\u200a%) that required a single balloon dilation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions\u2002Hybrid APC appears to be promising in the treatment of BE. The ablation protocol used in this study demonstrated efficacy, tolerability, and a safety profile similar to radiofrequency ablation. Given the significant price difference between hybrid APC and other modalities for Barrett\u2019s ablation, this modality may be more cost-effective. These results warrant further study in a large prospective multicenter trial.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1492-2450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T23:42:03Z","timestamp":1639525323000},"page":"E1870-E1876","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Benefit, tolerance, and safety of hybrid argon plasma coagulation for treatment of Barrett's esophagus: US pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"09","author":[{"given":"Toshitaka","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H. H. Chao Comprehensive Digestive Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason B.","family":"Samarasena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H. H. Chao Comprehensive Digestive Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyle J.","family":"Fortinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H. H. Chao Comprehensive Digestive Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rintaro","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H. H. Chao Comprehensive Digestive Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nabil","family":"El Hage Chehade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H. H. Chao Comprehensive Digestive Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew A.","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H. H. Chao Comprehensive Digestive Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zain","family":"Moosvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H. H. Chao Comprehensive Digestive Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth J.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H. H. Chao Comprehensive Digestive Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808145","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation in Barrett\u02bcs esophagus with dysplasia","volume":"360","author":"N J Shaheen","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v10.i9.165","article-title":"Endoscopic therapy for Barrett\u02bcs esophagus and early esophageal cancer: Where do we go from here?","volume":"10","author":"T Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.04.061","article-title":"Durability of radiofrequency ablation in Barrett\u02bcs esophagus with dysplasia","volume":"141","author":"N J Shaheen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.03.045","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation and endoscopic mucosal resection for dysplastic barrett\u02bcs esophagus and early esophageal adenocarcinoma: outcomes of the UK National Halo RFA Registry","volume":"145","author":"R J Haidry","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3366","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-014-3629-0","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation for Barrett\u02bcs-associated intramucosal carcinoma: a multi-center follow-up study","volume":"28","author":"A C Strauss","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.05.042","article-title":"Factors associated with recurrence of Barrett\u02bcs esophagus after radiofrequency ablation","volume":"17","author":"M C Tan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00709.x","article-title":"Ablation of nonneoplastic Barrett\u02bcs mucosa using argon plasma coagulation with concomitant esomeprazole therapy (APBANEX): a prospective multicenter evaluation","volume":"101","author":"H Manner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640614544315","article-title":"The tissue effect of argon-plasma coagulation with prior submucosal injection (Hybrid APC) versus standard APC: A randomized ex-vivo study","volume":"2","author":"H Manner","year":"2014","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2002.125362","article-title":"Efficacy of colonic submucosal saline solution injection for the reduction of iatrogenic thermal injury","volume":"56","author":"I D Norton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-015-4336-1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of hybrid APC for the ablation of Barrett\u02bcs esophagus","volume":"30","author":"H Manner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.08.032","article-title":"The development and validation of an endoscopic grading system for Barrett\u02bcs esophagus: the Prague C & M criteria","volume":"131","author":"P 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