{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T08:34:09Z","timestamp":1740126849324,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","funder":[{"name":"home institutions\n                        of the authors"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Aims of the study The minimum therapeutic goal regarding metabolic control\n                    for people with diabetes mellitus is the \u201cabsence of symptoms of\n                    hyperglycemia.\u201d However, it is uncertain whether a level of HbA1c can be\n                    defined that guarantees the absence of these symptoms. The aim was to define an\n                    HbA1c threshold above which most patients show hyperglycemic symptoms.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods In a multicenter cross-sectional study, 137 patients with type 1\n                    and 285 with type 2 diabetes were asked about their symptoms during periods of\n                    hyperglycemia with a standardized questionnaire. Seventeen symptoms of\n                    hyperglycemia were summarized to the total hyperglycemia symptom score (THSS;\n                    min. 0; max. 68). The answers could be given according to the frequency and\n                    intensity in the last 4 \u2013 6 weeks.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results The HbA1c threshold above which most patients showed hyperglycemic\n                    symptoms was 10.05% for patients with diabetes type 1 and 8.9%.\n                    for patients with type 2. Most confidence was reached on the symptoms of\n                    frequent urination\u201d and \u201ctiredness.\u201d The mean THSS was\n                    19.4 (\u00b19.0) and showed a positive correlation with age (r=0.167;\n                    p&lt;0.001) and HbA1c (r=0.254; p&lt;0.001).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions We identified an HbA1c threshold above which most patients\n                    show symptoms of hyperglycemia. In the treatment of people with diabetes\n                    mellitus, a safety margin to this threshold should be maintained to preserve\n                    well-being and avoid distress. However, since hyperglycemia symptoms are subject\n                    to many influencing factors, an adjustment of the therapy\u2014both\n                    intensification and de-intensification\u2014should always be carried out in\n                    combination with the requested hyperglycemia symptoms and HbA1c value.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1493-0683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T22:59:12Z","timestamp":1623106752000},"page":"386-392","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Is there an HbA1c Threshold for Symptoms of Chronic\n                    Hyperglycemia?"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0303-7322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolle","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Internal Medicine III, Jena University Hospital, Jena,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jena University Hospital, Center for Clinical Studies, Jena,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich Alfons","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Practice for Endocrinology and Diabetology, Dr. Kielstein Ambulante\n                    Medizinische Betreuung GmbH, Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christof","family":"Kloos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Internal Medicine III, Jena University Hospital, Jena,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07019-6","article-title":"Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with\n                    conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2\n                    diabetes (UKPDS 33). 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