{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T17:32:30Z","timestamp":1648747950370},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n                    Objective In humans, misdiagnoses of monoclonal gammopathy after use of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies has been documented. This triggers concerns for similar misdiagnoses in animals treated with monoclonal antibodies. The aim of this study was to evaluate if lokivetmab interferes with serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation electrophoresis in dogs.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n                    Material and methods Residual sera from 25 client-owned, healthy blood donor dogs from 2\u2005veterinary hospitals in Germany were used. The residual sera were analysed with serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation electrophoresis before and after being spiked with lokivetmab at a concentration of 10\u2005\u00b5g\/ml (corresponding to the mean peak serum concentration after a subcutaneous injection of 2\u2005mg\/kg lokivetmab).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n                    Results No monoclonal gammopathy was observed on serum protein electrophoresis and all proteins had a normal distribution pattern without any pathologic bands on immunofixation electrophoresis. The absolute \u03b3-globulin values of spiked samples, however, were significantly higher than in the native sera although they remained within the reference interval. No other globulin fractions were significantly different.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n                    Conclusion and clinical relevance This study suggests that lokivetmab at a dose of 2 mg\/kg is not detected as a monoclonal peak on serum protein electrophoresis or immunofixation electrophoresis, and thus is unlikely to lead to a misdiagnosis of other diseases that are characterised by monoclonal gammopathies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1519-3587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T22:32:06Z","timestamp":1629757926000},"page":"278-283","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In vitro evaluation of potential interference of lokivetmab with protein electrophoresis and immunofixation"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Neoklis","family":"Apostolopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AniCura Kleintierspezialisten Augsburg GmbH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athanasia","family":"Mitropoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Clinic, Justus Liebig University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gesine","family":"Foerster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synlab Vet Laboratory"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Failing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Biomathematics and Data Processing, Justus Liebig University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Moritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Clinic, Justus Liebig University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AniCura Kleintierspezialisten Augsburg GmbH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00175","article-title":"Recombinant Antibodies in Veterinary Medicine: An Update","volume":"5","author":"L Bustamante-C\u00f3rdova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12376","article-title":"A blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose determination trial of lokivetmab (ZTS-00103289), a caninized, anti-canine IL-31 monoclonal antibody in client owned dogs with atopic dermatitis","volume":"27","author":"G M Michels","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Dermatol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2011.08644.x","article-title":"Detection of a monoclonal antibody therapy (ofatumumab) by serum protein and immunofixation electrophoresis","volume":"155","author":"J R Genzen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2010.152116","article-title":"Interference of monoclonal antibody therapies with serum protein electrophoresis tests","volume":"56","author":"C R McCudden","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2015-1023","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody therapeutics as potential interferences on protein electrophoresis and immunofixation","volume":"54","author":"MA V Willrich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.\u200b2019.10.011","article-title":"A novel approach to remove interference of therapeutic monoclonal antibody with serum protein electrophoresis","volume":"75","author":"L Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1002\/psp4.12224","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of Monoclonal Antibodies","volume":"6","author":"J T Ryman","year":"2017","journal-title":"CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Veterinary Clinical Pathology","author":"S L Stockham","year":"2008","edition":"2nd ed."},{"issue":"01\/02","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(02)00201-7","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of Leishmania spp. infection in clinically healthy dogs with polymerase chain reaction and serology in Greece","volume":"109","author":"L S Leontides","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(99)00040-9","article-title":"Canine atopic dermatitis in Greece. 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