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W\u00e4hrend einseitige Paresen zu Glottisschlussinsuffizienz und Heiserkeit f\u00fchren, gef\u00e4hrden beidseitige Paresen die Atmung und schr\u00e4nken die k\u00f6rperliche Belastungsf\u00e4higkeit ein. Zur Therapie persistierender Paresen werden seit \u00fcber 100 Jahren Bioimplantate eingesetzt. Das Spektrum reicht vom autologen Gewebetransfer \u00fcber resorbierbare bzw. permanente Injektionsmaterialen bis hin zu Komposit-Thyreoplastikimplantaten und aktiven elektrischen Implantaten f\u00fcr die Neurostimulation des Larynx. 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