{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T15:00:12Z","timestamp":1740150012749,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Academy of Audiology","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Senior Distinguished Researcher position","award":["BEAGAL18\/00006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BEAGAL18\/00006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["j am acad audiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\u2003Psychiatric conditions are common in individuals with tinnitus. Therefore, the ways individuals cope with such conditions and personality can influence the characteristics of tinnitus. <jats:bold>Purpose<\/jats:bold>\u2003The study aims to investigate\n the direct and indirect effects of resilience, personality traits, and psychiatric symptoms on the tinnitus perception. <jats:bold>Research Design<\/jats:bold>\u2003This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and observational study involving quantitative results. <jats:bold>Study Sample<\/jats:bold>\u2003Thirty-seven\n individuals with chronic tinnitus (for more than 6 months) sought the tinnitus care service (mean age\u2009=\u200944.6 years; SD\u2009=\u200911.7 years). <jats:bold>Data Collection and Analysis<\/jats:bold>\u2003The specific anamnesis of tinnitus, adult self-report questionnaire, resilience scale,\n big five inventory, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (M\u2009=\u200945.0; SD\u2009=\u200924.1), and visual analog scale (M\u2009=\u20096.4; SD\u2009=\u20092.7) were used. Psychoacoustic measurements (loudness: M\u2009=\u200925.4; SD\u2009=\u200912.8) of tinnitus were performed\n to characterize the condition in terms of pitch and loudness. The study analyzed the relationship between tinnitus (annoyance, severity, and loudness), psychiatric symptoms, personality, and resilience using multiple mediations. <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2003Resilience did not influence tinnitus\n severity (BCa: -1.12 to 0.51), annoyance (BCa: -0.10 to 0.11), or loudness (BCa: -0.44 to 0.28) when mediated by anxiety and depression. Additionally, there was only a direct effect of resilience for annoyance (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009-\u20092.14, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03; BCa: -0.10\n to 0.11). There was no direct influence of anxiety and depression on the tinnitus severity (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.53, p &gt;\u20090.05), annoyance (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009-\u20090.01, p &gt;\u20090.05), or loudness (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.11, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &gt; 0.05). However,\n there was an association of personality traits (neuroticism) with the tinnitus severity (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.16, 95% CI: 0.15\u20102.17; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092.53, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) and annoyance (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.12, 95% CI: 0.003\u20100.24; <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092.09,\n <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04). <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\u2003Resilience and psychiatric symptoms did not have a direct or indirect influence on the tinnitus annoyance, severity, or loudness. However with a direct association of resilience and annoyance, and neuroticism trait with the tinnitus\n annoyance and severity. Our results suggest that patients with chronic tinnitus and high neuroticism should receive personalized treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1709-4912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:03:16Z","timestamp":1638316996000},"page":"206-213","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Perception of Tinnitus: Direct and Indirect Effects of Resilience, Personality Traits, and Psychiatric Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.3766","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Mariana L.","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Therapy, Federal University of Paraiba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melyssa K.C.","family":"Galdino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Federal University of Paraiba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernardino","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima C.A.","family":"Branco-Barreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Therapy, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thiago P.","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Federal University of Paraiba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marine R.D.","family":"da Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Therapy, Federal University of Paraiba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2087","reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2008.09.012","article-title":"Subjective idiopathic tinnitus and palliative care: a plan for diagnosis and treatment","volume":"42","author":"A Shulman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(90)90202-Z","article-title":"On the pathophysiology of tinnitus; 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