{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T23:48:41Z","timestamp":1786405721076,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","funder":[{"name":"LiSyM","award":["PTJ-FKZ 031L0257A,PTJ-FKZ: 031 L0043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTJ-FKZ 031L0257A,PTJ-FKZ: 031 L0043"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001677","name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ANR 19-CE14-0041-02,ANR-20-CE14-0038-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR 19-CE14-0041-02,ANR-20-CE14-0038-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Z Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chronic alcohol consumption induces stress and damage in alcohol metabolising hepatocytes, which leads to inflammatory and fibrogenic responses. Besides these direct effects, alcohol disrupts intestinal barrier functions and induces gut microbial dysbiosis, causing translocation of bacteria or microbial products through the gut mucosa to the liver and, which induce inflammation indirectly. Inflammation is one of the key drivers of alcohol-associated liver disease progression from steatosis to severe alcoholic hepatitis. The current standard of care for the treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis is prednisolone, aiming to reduce inflammation. Prednisolone, however improves only short-term but not long-term survival rates in those patients, and even increases the risk for bacterial infections. Thus, recent studies focus on the exploration of more specific inflammatory targets for the treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis. These comprise, among others interference with inflammatory cytokines, modulation of macrophage phenotypes or targeting of immune cell communication, as summarized in the present overview. Although several approaches give promising results in preclinical studies, data robustness and ability to transfer experimental results to human disease is still not sufficient for effective clinical translation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1714-9246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T18:38:34Z","timestamp":1642531114000},"page":"58-66","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Inflammation in alcohol-associated liver disease progression"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Sophie","family":"Lotersztajn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Riva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research affiliated with King\u2019s College London, King's College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9731-3948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Dooley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shilpa","family":"Chokshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research affiliated with King\u2019s College London, King's College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Liver diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Bethesda, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.023","article-title":"Inflammatory pathways in alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"70","author":"B Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C789","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00230.2013","article-title":"Cellular mechanisms of tissue fibrosis. 5. Novel insights into liver fibrosis","volume":"305","author":"A Mallat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27332","article-title":"Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis: functional links and key pathways","volume":"61","author":"E Seki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.02.026","article-title":"Targeting hepatic macrophages to treat liver diseases","volume":"66","author":"F Tacke","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E3186","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1119964109","article-title":"Differential Ly-6C expression identifies the recruited macrophage phenotype, which orchestrates the regression of murine liver fibrosis","volume":"109","author":"P Ramachandran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.01.026","article-title":"Autophagy in liver diseases: Time for translation?","volume":"70","author":"M Allaire","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C263","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00295.2016","article-title":"Autophagy in chronic liver diseases: the two faces of Janus","volume":"312","author":"P Gual","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.04.044","article-title":"Hepatic stellate cell autophagy inhibits extracellular vesicle release to attenuate liver fibrosis","volume":"73","author":"J Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1058473","article-title":"Macrophage autophagy protects against liver fibrosis in mice","volume":"11","author":"J Lodder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaaw8523","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaw8523","article-title":"LC3-associated phagocytosis protects against inflammation and liver fibrosis via immunoreceptor inhibitory signaling","volume":"12 (539)","author":"J Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.02.012","article-title":"Targeting cell-intrinsic metabolism for antifibrotic therapy","volume":"74","author":"H Gilgenkrantz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2019.02.004","article-title":"Macrophages in obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Crosstalk with metabolism","volume":"1","author":"S Lefere","year":"2019","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1209200","article-title":"Endocannabinoid hydrolysis generates brain prostaglandins that promote neuroinflammation","volume":"334","author":"DK Nomura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-316137","article-title":"Inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase, an anti-inflammatory and antifibrogenic strategy in the liver","volume":"68","author":"A Habib","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30929","article-title":"Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibition Protects From Liver Injury in Mouse Models of Sclerosing Cholangitis","volume":"71","author":"M Tardelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22680","article-title":"The interleukin-17 pathway is involved in human alcoholic liver disease","volume":"49","author":"A Lemmers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2146","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04450-y","article-title":"Mucosal-associated invariant T cells are a profibrogenic immune cell population in the liver","volume":"9","author":"P Hegde","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26598","article-title":"Cannabinoid receptor 2 counteracts interleukin-17-induced immune and fibrogenic responses in mouse liver","volume":"59","author":"A Guillot","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.05.049","article-title":"Interleukin-17 signaling in inflammatory, Kupffer cells, and hepatic stellate cells exacerbates liver fibrosis in mice","volume":"143","author":"F Meng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.03.018","article-title":"EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of alcohol-related liver disease","volume":"69","author":"EASL","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.35","article-title":"Alcoholic liver disease: mechanisms of injury and targeted treatment","volume":"12","author":"A Louvet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.08.010","article-title":"Cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction: distinctive features and clinical relevance","volume":"61","author":"A Albillos","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.12.019","article-title":"In Patients With Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis, Prednisolone Increases Susceptibility to Infection and Infection-Related Mortality, and Is Associated With High Circulating Levels of Bacterial DNA","volume":"152","author":"N Vergis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1191","article-title":"Can we reliably predict response to corticosteroid treatment in severe alcoholic hepatitis?","volume":"2","author":"S Chokshi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"issue":"S 01","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.11.029","article-title":"The multifactorial mechanisms of bacterial infection in decompensated cirrhosis","volume":"75","author":"S Van der Merwe","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-018-9867-9","article-title":"Immune checkpoint receptors: homeostatic regulators of immunity","volume":"12","author":"A Riva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2012.02.008","article-title":"Regulation of epithelial immunity by IL-17 family cytokines","volume":"33","author":"R Pappu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-00558-8","article-title":"Hepatic macrophages in liver homeostasis and diseases-diversity, plasticity and therapeutic opportunities","volume":"18","author":"Y Wen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.019","article-title":"Microbiome as a therapeutic target in alcohol-related liver disease","volume":"70","author":"SK Sarin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632502","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.632502","article-title":"Soluble TIM3 and Its Ligands Galectin-9 and CEACAM1 Are in Disequilibrium During Alcohol-Related Liver Disease and Promote Impairment of Anti-bacterial Immunity","volume":"12","author":"A Riva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34529","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.488478","article-title":"A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 10 and ADAM17 are major sheddases of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3)","volume":"288","author":"K M\u00f6ller-Hackbarth","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2005.07.007","article-title":"Alternative splice variants of the human PD-1 gene","volume":"235","author":"C Nielsen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0191-y","article-title":"Mucosal-associated invariant T cells and disease","volume":"19","author":"A Toubal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0444-8","article-title":"The biology and functional importance of MAIT cells","volume":"20","author":"DI Godfrey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Immunology"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-314458","article-title":"Mucosa-associated invariant T cells link intestinal immunity with antibacterial immune defects in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"67","author":"A Riva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.027","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and with acute-on-chronic liver failure in Europe","volume":"70","author":"J Fernandez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27941","article-title":"The empirical antibiotic treatment of nosocomial spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: Results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial","volume":"63","author":"S Piano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxaa046","article-title":"Immune metabolism in PD-1 blockade-based cancer immunotherapy","volume":"33","author":"A Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-019-0628-7","article-title":"PD-1 signaling affects cristae morphology and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in human CD8(+) T lymphocytes","volume":"7","author":"J Ogando","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14299","article-title":"Perturbations in Mitochondrial Dynamics Are Closely Involved in the Progression of Alcoholic Liver Disease","volume":"44","author":"E Palma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2018.11.008","article-title":"Dynamin-1-Like Protein Inhibition Drives Megamitochondria Formation as an Adaptive Response in Alcohol-Induced Hepatotoxicity","volume":"189","author":"E Palma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-018-9913-7","article-title":"Precision-cut liver slices: a versatile tool to advance liver research","volume":"13","author":"E Palma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30249","article-title":"Pharmacological Inhibition of CCR2\/5 Signaling Prevents and Reverses Alcohol-Induced Liver Damage, Steatosis, and Inflammation in Mice","volume":"69","author":"A Ambade","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.06.014","article-title":"Hepatocyte-derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor mediates alcohol-induced liver injury in mice and patients","volume":"67","author":"V Marin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.08.057","article-title":"A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of etanercept in the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"135","author":"NC Boetticher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.10.024","article-title":"Infliximab monotherapy for severe alcoholic hepatitis and predictors of survival: An open label trial","volume":"50","author":"P Sharma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/s0168-8278(02)00442-7","article-title":"Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha monoclonal antibody therapy in severe alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"38","author":"H Tilg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011110","article-title":"Tuberculosis associated with infliximab, a tumor necrosis factor (alpha)-neutralizing agent","volume":"345","author":"J Keane","year":"2001","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28456","article-title":"Interleukin-1 and inflammasomes in alcoholic liver disease\/acute alcoholic hepatitis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease\/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"64","author":"H Tilg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"S 01","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2015.05.008","article-title":"Combination therapy: New hope for alcoholic hepatitis?","volume":"39","author":"B Gao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23837","article-title":"Interleukin-22 treatment ameliorates alcoholic liver injury in a murine model of chronic-binge ethanol feeding: role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3","volume":"52","author":"SH Ki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31031","article-title":"Interleukin-22 Ameliorates Neutrophil-Driven Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Through Multiple Targets","volume":"72","author":"S Hwang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.11.013","article-title":"Interleukin-22 ameliorates acute-on-chronic liver failure by reprogramming impaired regeneration pathways in mice","volume":"72","author":"X Xiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-020-10082-6","article-title":"Interleukin-22 in alcoholic hepatitis and beyond","volume":"14","author":"X Xiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-43492-5_10","article-title":"Role of IL-22 in microbial host defense","volume":"380","author":"C Eidenschenk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31046","article-title":"An Open-Label, Dose-Escalation Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of IL-22 Agonist F-652 in Patients With Alcohol-associated Hepatitis","volume":"72","author":"JP Arab","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8318","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21218318","article-title":"TIM-3 Genetic Variants Are Associated with Altered Clinical Outcome and Susceptibility to Gram-Positive Infections in Patients with Sepsis","volume":"21","author":"C Mewes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05704-z","article-title":"Immune checkpoint inhibition in sepsis: a Phase 1b randomized study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of nivolumab","volume":"45","author":"RS Hotchkiss","year":"2019","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112413","article-title":"Targeting Immune Cell Checkpoints during Sepsis","volume":"18","author":"NK Patil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref60","first-page":"18998","article-title":"Roles of PD-1, Tim-3 and CTLA-4 in immunoregulation in regulatory T cells among patients with sepsis","volume":"8","author":"DN Gao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"}],"container-title":["Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Gastroenterologie"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-1714-9246.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T05:35:49Z","timestamp":1764048949000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-1714-9246"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1714-9246","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0044-2771","1439-7803"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0044-2771","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-7803","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}}}