{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T08:19:59Z","timestamp":1792225199441,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":192,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endoscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Main Recommendations<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>1 ESGE recommends the use of endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) over percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) after failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in malignant distal biliary obstruction when local expertise is available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>2 ESGE suggests EUS-BD with hepaticogastrostomy only for malignant inoperable hilar biliary obstruction with a dilated left hepatic duct when inadequately drained by ERCP and\/or PTBD in high volume expert centers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Weak recommendation, moderate quality evidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>3 ESGE recommends that EUS-guided pancreatic duct (PD) drainage should only be considered in symptomatic patients with an obstructed PD when retrograde endoscopic intervention fails or is not possible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Strong recommendation, low quality evidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>4 ESGE recommends rendezvous EUS techniques over transmural PD drainage in patients with favorable anatomy owing to its lower rate of adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Strong recommendation, low quality evidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>5 ESGE recommends that, in patients at high surgical risk, EUS-guided gallbladder drainage (GBD) should be favored over percutaneous gallbladder drainage where both techniques are available, owing to the lower rates of adverse events and need for re-interventions in EUS-GBD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Strong recommendation, high quality of evidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>6 ESGE recommends EUS-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE), in an expert setting, for malignant gastric outlet obstruction, as an alternative to enteral stenting or surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Strong recommendation, low quality evidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>7 ESGE recommends that EUS-GE may be considered in the management of afferent loop syndrome, especially in the setting of malignancy or in poor surgical candidates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Strong recommendation, low quality evidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>8 ESGE suggests that endoscopic ultrasound-directed transgastric ERCP (EDGE) can be offered, in expert centers, to patients with a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass following multidisciplinary decision-making, with the aim of overcoming the invasiveness of laparoscopy-assisted ERCP and the limitations of enteroscopy-assisted ERCP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Weak recommendation, low quality evidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1717-1391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T18:59:56Z","timestamp":1640199596000},"page":"185-205","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":507,"title":["Therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Schalk W.","family":"van der Merwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0477-4532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roy L. 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Gemelli IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, and Center for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and Training (CERTT), Catholic University, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Giovannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Department of Gastrointestinal Disease, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mouen A.","family":"Khashab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth F.","family":"Binmoeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Endoscopy Services, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6589-7160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Barthet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9, APHM, H\u00f4pital Nord, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0744-220X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Perez-Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4424-0079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanin E.","family":"van Hooft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0588-5365","article-title":"Endoscopic management of acute necrotizing pancreatitis: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) evidence-based multidisciplinary guidelines","volume":"50","author":"M Arvanitakis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 1. 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