{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T04:30:17Z","timestamp":1778733017940,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"American Academy of Audiology","issue":"4","funder":[{"name":"Capitia Foundation","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["j am acad audiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\u2003Tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound, shares many properties with phantom limb pain, in that both may arise as a consequence of sensory deprivation. Prediction errors in multisensory integration, such as induced with mirror box therapy\n in phantom pain, can reduce phantom percepts. <jats:bold>Purpose<\/jats:bold>\u2003We evaluated if a device that swaps sound from the right pinna to the left ear canal, and from the left pinna to the right ear canal, can reduce tinnitus. We call this auditory mirror therapy (AMT). <jats:bold>Research Design<\/jats:bold>\u2003Uncontrolled\n trial. <jats:bold>Study Sample<\/jats:bold>\u2003Twenty subjects with chronic tinnitus. <jats:bold>Intervention<\/jats:bold>\u2003An AMT device consisting of a modified ear defender device with microphones that swaps sounds from left pinna to the right ear canal and from the right pinna to the left ear canal. Participants\n used the device at home for 2 weeks. <jats:bold>Data Collection and Analysis<\/jats:bold>\u2003Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire, and visual analog scale ratings of symptoms were collected at baseline and posttreatment. Repeated measures <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>-test were performed, Bonferroni\n corrected for multiple comparisons. <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2003There was a significant reduction in THI and in awareness of tinnitus after the AMT intervention. <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\u2003Exposing the audiovisual integration system to prediction errors can help retrain phantom percepts and reduce\n tinnitus handicap. Further studies on this concept are warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1749-9279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T01:47:03Z","timestamp":1643161623000},"page":"220-223","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Auditory Mirror Therapy for Tinnitus: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3766","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Clas","family":"Linnman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2087","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2016.10.004","article-title":"An integrative tinnitus model based on sensory precision","volume":"39","author":"W Sedley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1996.0058","article-title":"Synaesthesia in phantom limbs induced with mirrors","volume":"263","author":"V S Ramachandran","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1037\/h0073089","article-title":"Auditory localization with acoustical transposition of the ears","volume":"XI","author":"P T Young","year":"1928","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3401.197","article-title":"Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire: psychometric properties of a measure of distress associated with tinnitus","volume":"34","author":"P H Wilson","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1996.01890140029007","article-title":"Development of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory","volume":"122","author":"C W Newman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory","author":"C Spielberger","year":"1970"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599811403882","article-title":"Tinnitus Handicap Inventory for evaluating treatment effects: which changes are clinically relevant?","volume":"145","author":"F Zeman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.04.001","article-title":"The Bayesian brain: phantom percepts resolve sensory uncertainty","volume":"44","author":"D De Ridder","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s13534-017-0026-3","article-title":"A wearable system for adaptation to left-right reversed audition tested in combination with magnetoencephalography","volume":"7","author":"A Aoyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Eng Lett"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(01)00490-3","article-title":"A method to induce swapped binaural hearing","volume":"113","author":"P M Hofman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-010-9213-5","article-title":"The efficacy of auditory perceptual training for tinnitus: a systematic review","volume":"40","author":"D J Hoare","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Academy of Audiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/aaa\/jaaa\/2022\/00000033\/00000004\/art00006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T08:13:01Z","timestamp":1738829581000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.1055\/a-1749-9279"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1050-0545(20220401)33:4L.220;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1749-9279","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-0545"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-0545","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]}}}